照

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See also: 炤
照 U+7167, 照
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7167
← 煦
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 煨 →

Translingual

Stroke order
13 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

照 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 日口火 (ARF), four-corner 67336, composition ⿱昭灬)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 677, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19226
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1089, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2221, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7167

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 照
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (刀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
刀 *taːw
忉 *taːw
魛 *taːw
舠 *taːw
朷 *taːw, *moːɡ
叨 *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw
倒 *taːwʔ, *taːws
到 *taːws
菿 *taːws, *rtaːwɢ
鞀 *deːw
鳭 *rteːw, *teːw
灱 *hreːw
菬 *sdew, *tjewʔ
超 *tʰew
怊 *tʰew, *tʰjew
欩 *tʰew
召 *dews, *djews
昭 *tjew
招 *tjew
鉊 *tjew
沼 *tjewʔ
照 *tjews
詔 *tjews
炤 *tjews
弨 *tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ
眧 *tʰjewʔ
韶 *djew
佋 *djew, *djewʔ
軺 *djew, *lew
玿 *djew
柖 *djew
紹 *djewʔ
袑 *djewʔ
綤 *djewʔ
邵 *djews
劭 *djews
卲 *djews
刁 *teːw
芀 *teːw, *deːw
貂 *teːw
蛁 *teːw
迢 *deːw
苕 *deːw
髫 *deːw
岧 *deːw

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tjews): semantic 灬 (“fire”) + phonetic 昭 (OC *tjew) – shine the light of a fire on.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
 照
2nd round simp. ⿱𭕄一
alternative forms 燳
曌 in Wu Zetian's name
瞾 alternative form of Wu Zetian's name
炤

Exoactive of 昭 (OC *tjew, “bright”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chiò - vernacular;
  • chiàu - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: zio3 / ziê3 / ziao3 / ziou3
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiò / tsiè / tsiàu / tsiòu
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sio²¹³/, /t͡sie²¹³/, /t͡siau²¹³/, /t͡siou²¹³/
Note:
  • zio3/ziê3 - vernacular (ziê3 - Chaozhou);
  • ziao3/ziou3 - literary (ziou3 - Chaozhou).
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: jio3 / jiao3
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡siɔ²¹/, /t͡siau²¹/
Note:
  • jio3 - vernacular;
  • jiao3 - literary.
Rime
Character 照
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 宵 (91)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 之少切
Baxter tsyewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕiᴇuH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiɛuH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕjæuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ciawH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiɛuH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭɛuH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯ɛuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhào
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ziu3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 照
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhào
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyewH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*taw-s/
English shine on

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 照
Reading # 1/1
No. 2132
Phonetic
component 		刀
Rime
group 		宵
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		沼
Old
Chinese 		/*tjews/

Definitions

照

  1. to shine upon; to illuminate
    • 雪白明月照在大地
      From: 伍佰, 挪威的森林
      Xuěbái míngyuè zhào zài dàdì
      The bright moon white as snow illuminates the earth
  2. to reflect; to look (in the mirror)
  3. to contrast; to compare
  4. to notify; to inform
  5. to take care of
  6. to take a photo
  7. sunshine; sunlight
  8. photo; photograph; picture
    結婚照／结婚照  ―  jiéhūnzhào  ―  wedding photo
  9. license; permit
  10. according to; as; in accordance with
  11. regardless; anyway; continue to
    唔應該食嘅都照食落去
    唔应该食嘅都照食落去
    m4 jing1 goi1 sik6 ge3 dou1 ziu3 sik6 lok6 heoi3
    to eat something one shouldn't eat anyway
  12. towards; to

Synonyms

  • (to shine upon): 反射 (fǎnshè), 映 (yìng)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (照):
  • → Vietnamese: chiếu (照)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
 照
alternative forms 耀
炤／照

Pronunciation

Note: ciê7, ciên7 - Chaozhou.

Definitions

照

  1. (Southern Min) to illuminate; to cast light upon; to light up

Compounds

Etymology 3

Contraction of 只塊／只块 (zi2 go3, “here”) (Xu Huiling, 2007, pg. 88).

Compare Min Nan 遮 (chiâ/chiô, “here”)

Pronunciation

Note:
  • ziên3 - Chaozhou, Chenghai;
  • zion3 - Shantou, Jieyang;
  • zio3 - Jieyang.

    Definitions

    照

    1. (Teochew) this; so; such modifies adjectives
    Synonyms
    Dialectal synonyms of 這麼 (“this; so; such (modifies adj.)”)
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 如此
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 如此
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 這麼
    Taiwan 這麼
    Harbin 這麼
    Malaysia 這樣
    Singapore 這樣, 這麼
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan 這麼
    Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 這麼
    Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 陣
    Wanrong 這麼
    Xi'an 這們, 陣
    Xining 這們
    Xuzhou 恁麼
    Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 這麼
    Lanzhou 這們
    Ürümqi 這麼
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 這們, 這麼, 嘞們
    Wuhan 這麼, 這樣, 這個樣子
    Guiyang 仲個
    Guilin 這樣
    Liuzhou 陣, 哏
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 這麼, 這樣子
    Yangzhou 這們
    Nantong 格麼
    Cantonese Guangzhou 咁
    Hong Kong 咁
    Foshan 咁
    Taishan 該
    Dongguan 呢咁, 咁
    Yunfu 咁
    Yangjiang 果樣, 拱
    Xinyi 咁
    Nanning 咁
    Wuzhou 咁
    Yulin 咁
    Hepu (Lianzhou) 果
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 咁
    Penang (Guangfu) 咁
    Singapore (Guangfu) 咁
    Gan Nanchang 箇
    Lichuan 該樣
    Pingxiang 箇, 箇史
    Hakka Meixian 恁
    Xingning 恁, 咁
    Huidong (Daling) 恁, 咁
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 咁
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 咁
    Changting 仰
    Wuping 恁
    Wuping (Pingyu) 恁
    Liancheng 樣
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 恁
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 恁
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 恁
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 恁
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 恁
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 恁
    Luchuan (Daqiao) 咁
    Senai (Huiyang) 恁
    Kuching (Hepo) 恁
    Huizhou Jixi 爾的
    Jin Taiyuan 這來
    Xinzhou 這啦, 這麼, 這來
    Northern Min Jian'ou 𱕇
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 只滿, 只
    Fuqing 者滿
    Singapore (Fuqing) 者滿
    Southern Min Xiamen 遮, 遮爾, 遮爾仔
    Quanzhou 拙, 拙幹
    Jinjiang 拙, 拙爾, 障, 障爾
    Zhangzhou 遮爾, 遮爾仔
    Tainan 遮, 遮爾, 遮爾仔
    Singapore (Hokkien) 按呢
    Manila (Hokkien) 奐, 現, 喝, 遐, 遮, 拙
    Chaozhou 照, 照生
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 照
    Singapore (Teochew) 只生
    Leizhou 偌
    Haikou 只, 者
    Puxian Min Putian 只何
    Xianyou 只何
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 更
    Wu Shanghai 搿能, 搿能介, 搿個能, 介, 實能 dated, 實個能 dated
    Shanghai (Xinzhuang, Minhang) 迭能
    Shanghai (Songjiang) 若介, 實介, 能, 能介
    Shanghai (Chuansha, Pudong) 迭個能
    Shanghai (Fengxian) 迭能
    Shanghai (Jinshan) 格末, 格能介, 着介
    Shanghai (Qingpu) 介
    Shanghai (Jiading) 實恁
    Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) 實倫
    Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan) 特能, 迭能, 實能
    Shanghai (Chongming) 能
    Suzhou 該實梗, 該尚, 哀實梗, 哀尚, 實梗, 尚
    Danyang 根
    Hangzhou 價套, 價, 實價套, 實價
    Ningbo 介
    Wenzhou 該恁, 恁
    Jinhua 帳, 格生, 格亨, 喪
    Jinhua (Tangxi) 絞麼
    Xiang Changsha 咯樣
    Quanzhou 這麼
    Compounds
    See also
    • 向 (hiên3/hion3/hio3, “that; in that manner; that much”)

    References

    Japanese

    Kanji

    照

    (Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

    Readings

    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    照
    しょう
    Grade: 4
    on'yomi

    /seu/ → /ɕeu/ → /ɕʲoː/

    From Middle Chinese 照 (MC tsyewH).

    Affix

    照(しょう) • (shō) ←せう (seu)?

    1. illuminate, shine
    2. sunlight
    3. compare
    4. photograph
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term
    照
    て(らし)
    Grade: 4
    kun'yomi

    Nominalization of 照らし (terashi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 照らす (terasu, “to shine on something, to illuminate something”).

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    照(てらし) • (Terashi) 

    1. a male given name

    Korean

    Etymology

    From Middle Chinese 照 (MC tsyewH).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
    • Phonetic hangul:
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    照 (eumhun 비칠 조 (bichil jo))

    1. hanja form? of 조 (“to illuminate; to shine”)
    2. hanja form? of 조 (“to contrast; to compare”)

    Compounds

    References

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    照: Hán Nôm readings: chiếu

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