獨

獨 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 大竹田中戈 (KHWLI), four-corner 4622₇, composition ⿰犭蜀)

• 𤣡, 𮭞, 𧁿, 𪈌

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 719, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20725
• Dae Jaweon: page 1130, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1372, character 3
• Unihan data for U+7368

Historical forms of the character 獨
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *doːɡ) : semantic 犭 + phonetic 蜀 (OC *djoɡ).

Perhaps related to 特 (OC *dɯːɡ, “single, alone”); see there for more.

獨

1. alone; single; solitary

   獨自／独自  ―  dúzì  ―  by oneself

   獨奏／独奏  ―  dúzòu  ―  solo

   • 莫見乎隱，莫顯乎微。故君子慎其獨也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     莫见乎隐，莫显乎微。故君子慎其独也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Mò jiàn hū yǐn, mò xiǎn hū wēi. Gù jūnzǐ shèn qí dú yě.

     There is nothing more visible than what is secret, and nothing more manifest than what is minute. Therefore the superior man is watchful over himself, when he is alone.

   • 膾炙所同也，羊棗所獨也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     脍炙所同也，羊枣所独也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Kuàizhì suǒ tóng yě, yángzǎo suǒ dú yě.

     For mince and broiled meat there is a common , while that for sheep-dates was peculiar.

   • 無卿相輔佐足任使者，謂之獨。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     无卿相辅佐足任使者，谓之独。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Xunzi, c. 3^rd century BCE

     Wú qīngxiàng fǔzuǒ zú rènshǐ zhě, wèi zhī dú.

     If he has no premier, prime minister, counselors, or assistants who can be given responsibilities, then he is called 'alone.'"

2. the old and childless
3. only

   不獨／不独  ―  bùdú  ―  not only

   唯獨／唯独  ―  wéidú  ―  only; all except

4. (literary) Indicates a rhetorical question: is it possible that...

   Synonyms: 豈／岂 (qǐ), 寧／宁 (nìng)

   • 子獨不見狸狌乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子独不见狸狌乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Zǐ dú bù jiàn lí shēng hū?

     Have you not seen a wildcat or a weasel?

5. (in compounds) separatism

   謀獨／谋独  ―  móudú  ―  to plot / scheme for independence

   港獨／港独  ―  Gǎngdú  ―  Hong Kong Independence Movement

   臺獨／台独  ―  Táidú  ―  Taiwan Independence Movement

• “獨”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 独)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

• Go-on: どく (doku)
• Kan-on: とく (toku)
• Kun: ひとり (hitori, 獨り)

From Middle Chinese 獨 (MC duwk).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
• Phonetic hangul:

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

獨

Wikisource

獨 (eumhun 홀로 독 (hollo dok))

1. hanja form^? of 독 (“alone”)

獨 • (Dok) (hangeul 독)

1. (in news headlines) Short for 獨(독)逸(일) (Dogil, “(South Korea) Germany”).

A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

獨: Hán Nôm readings: độc, dọc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.