皮

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See also: 𪪍
皮 U+76AE, 皮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76AE
← 皭
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 皯 →
⽪ U+2F6A, ⽪
KANGXI RADICAL SKIN
← ⽩
 		Kangxi Radicals ⽫ →

Translingual

Stroke order
5 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

皮 (Kangxi radical 107, 皮+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 木竹水 (DHE), four-corner 40247, composition ⿻⿱丨又⿰丿乛)

  1. Kangxi radical #107, ⽪.

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 790, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22823
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1205, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2753, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+76AE

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 皮

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 皮
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
陂 *pral, *prals
詖 *pral, *prals
彼 *pralʔ
柀 *pralʔ
佊 *pralʔ, *prals
貱 *prals
跛 *prals, *paːlʔ
披 *pʰral, *pʰralʔ
鈹 *pʰral
帔 *pʰral, *pʰrals
鮍 *pʰral
耚 *pʰral
狓 *pʰral
翍 *pʰral
旇 *pʰral, *brals
秛 *pʰral, *pʰrals
紴 *pʰralʔ, *paːl
皮 *bral
疲 *bral
被 *bralʔ, *brals
髲 *brals
鞁 *brals
骳 *mbralʔ
波 *paːl
碆 *paːl, *baːl
菠 *paːl
簸 *paːlʔ, *paːls
駊 *paːlʔ, *pʰaːlʔ
頗 *pʰaːl, *pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls
坡 *pʰaːl
玻 *pʰaːl
破 *pʰaːls
婆 *baːl
蔢 *baːl

Pictogram (象形) – a hand (又) stripping the fur from an animal pelt (similar to 革). The pelt moved to the top left and became abstracted.

Etymology

“skin”
According to STEDT, 皮 (OC *m-pra-j) is likely derived from root 膚 (OC *pra) – further from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *p(r/j)a (“skin”) – and a voicing prefix – likely *m- which is found in several OC words for body parts like 鼻 (OC *m-bi-s, “nose”), 肚 (OC *m-tˤaʔ, “belly”), 右 (OC *ʷəʔ-s (~ *m-qʷəʔ), “right-hand”) and 頭 (OC *ˤo, “head”) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014).
“pico-”
Borrowed from English pico-.

Pronunciation 1

Note: pei4-2 - “leather” (as a single word), also used in some compounds.
Note:
  • puòi - vernacular;
  • pì - literary.
Note:
  • phê/phêr/phôe - vernacular;
  • pî - vernacular (limited, e.g. 五加皮, 皮皮);
  • phî - literary.
Note:
  • puê5 - vernacular;
  • pi5 - literary.
Rime
Character 皮
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 支 (13)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 符羈切
Baxter bje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bˠiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bᵚiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/biɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/bjiə̆/
Li
Rong 		/bje/
Wang
Li 		/bǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		pí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		pei4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 皮
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		pí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bje ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-(r)aj/
English skin

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 皮
Reading # 1/1
No. 9711
Phonetic
component 		皮
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		皮
Old
Chinese 		/*bral/

Definitions

皮

  1. skin (Classifier: 塊／块 m c; 層／层 m c); peel; shell
    甩皮 [Cantonese]  ―  lat1 pei4   ―  to have flaky skin; to have peeling skin
    樹皮／树皮  ―  shùpí  ―  bark
    香蕉皮  ―  xiāngjiāo pí  ―  banana peel
  2. hide; leather
    皮鞋  ―  píxié  ―  leather shoes
  3. wrapper; cover; skin
    餃子皮／饺子皮  ―  jiǎozi pí  ―  jiaozi wrapper
  4. surface; top part
    水皮  ―  shuǐpí  ―  water surface
  5. rubber
  6. thin sheet
    鐵皮／铁皮  ―  tiěpí  ―  iron sheet
  7. outer; superficial
  8. sticky; glutinous
  9. soggy; non-crispy
  10. naughty; disobedient
  11. thick-skinned
  12. pico- (SI unit prefix)
  13. (Cantonese, colloquial) ten thousand dollars
  14. (VTuber fandom slang) model

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

皮

  1. (Cantonese) Short for 皮費／皮费 (“operation expense”).

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (皮):
  • → Japanese: 皮(び) (bi); 皮(ひ) (hi)
  • → Korean: 피(皮) (pi)
  • → Vietnamese: bì (皮)

See also

SI prefix
Last Next
納/奈／纳/奈 皮 飛／飞 (fēi)

Japanese

Kanji

皮

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
皮
かわ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

/kapa/ → /kaɸa/ → /kawa/.

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kapa.

Pronunciation

Noun

皮(かわ) • (kawa) ←かは (kafa)?

  1. skin
    • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 2, page 33:
      皮 釋名云、皮. 音疲、加波
      Skin. The explanation says "skin; the Chinese reading is like that of 疲 (MC bje); the Japanese reading is kafa".

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 皮 (MC bje). Recorded as Middle Korean 피 (phi) (Yale: phi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

皮 (eumhun 가죽 피 (gajuk pi))

  1. Hanja form? of 피 (“skin”).

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

皮: Hán Nôm readings: bì, bề, vừa, bầy, bìa, vào

  1. chữ Hán form of bì (“skin; envelope”).

Compounds

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