矛盾

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Chinese

spear; lance; pike shield
simp. and trad.
(矛盾)
alternative forms 矛楯
Literally: “lance and shield”.
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Etymology

From a tale in Han Feizi first attested in c. 2nd century BCE.

:「。」:「。」:「何如?」不可不可 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
:「。」:「。」:「何如?」不可不可 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: Han Feizi, circa 2nd century BCE
Chǔ rén yǒu yù dùnmáo zhě, yù zhī yuē: “Wú dùn zhī jiān, wù mò néng xiàn zhī.” Yǐ yù qí máo yuē: “Wú máo zhī lì, yú wù wú bù xiàn yě.” Huò yuē: “Yǐ zǐ zhī máo xiàn zǐ zhī dùn, hérú?” Qí rén fú néng yìng yě. Fú bùkě xiàn zhī dùn yǔ wú bù xiàn zhī máo, bùkě tóng shì ér lì.
There was once a man in the state of Chu, who was selling shields and lances. He was praising them saying: “My shields are so firm, that there is nothing that can pierce them.” He praised his lances saying: “My lances are so sharp, that there is nothing that they cannot pierce.” Someone asked: “What if you used your lances to pierce your shields?” The man could not answer. A shield that cannot be pierced and a lance that can pierce everything cannot exist in the same world.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
Initial () (4) (27) (7)
Final () (136) (47) (55)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Closed Closed
Division () III III I
Fanqie
Baxter mjuw zywinX dwonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mɨu/ /ʑiuɪnX/ /duənX/
Pan
Wuyun
/miu/ /ʑʷinX/ /duonX/
Shao
Rongfen
/miəu/ /ʑjuenX/ /duənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/muw/ /ʑwinX/ /dwənX/
Li
Rong
/miu/ /d͡ʑiuĕnX/ /duənX/
Wang
Li
/mĭəu/ /d͡ʑĭuĕnX/ /duənX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/mi̯ə̯u/ /d͡ʑʰi̯uĕnX/ /dʱuənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
móu shùn dùn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mau4 seon6 deon6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
máo dùn
Middle
Chinese
‹ mjuw › ‹ dwonX ›
Old
Chinese
/*m(r)u/ /*lˁuʔ/
English a kind of lance shield

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
No. 8814 2623 2631
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*mu/ /*l'uːnʔ/ /*ɦljunʔ/

Noun

矛盾 (idiomatic)

  1. contradiction; inconsistency; disagreement; incongruity
    加劇矛盾加剧矛盾  ―  jiājù máodùn  ―  heightening the contradictions
  2. problem; issue; conflict
    階級矛盾阶级矛盾  ―  jiējí máodùn  ―  class conflict
    種族矛盾种族矛盾  ―  zhǒngzú máodùn  ―  ethnic conflict
  3. (logic, philosophy) paradox

Synonyms

  • (problem):

Adjective

矛盾

  1. conflicted; vacillating between two options
    心裡矛盾 [MSC, trad.]
    心里矛盾 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā de xīnli hěn máodùn.
    He is feeling really conflicted.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (矛盾):

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: S
じゅん
Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 矛盾 (MC mjuw zywinX), literally (lance, spear) + (shield). See the Chinese etymology section for the full derivation.

Pronunciation

Noun

()(じゅん) (mujun

  1. a contradiction, an inconsistency, a paradox

Synonyms

Verb

()(じゅん)する (mujun surusuru (stem ()(じゅん) (mujun shi), past ()(じゅん)した (mujun shita))

  1. to be inconsistent, to be in contradiction, to be incompatible with
    (かれ)今日(きょう)(しゅ)(ちょう)する(ない)(よう)昨日(きのう)(こう)(どう)()(じゅん)している。
    Kare ga kyō shuchō suru naiyō wa kinō no kōdō to mujun shite iru.
    What he's going on about today isn't compatible with his behavior yesterday.

Conjugation

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term

Noun

矛盾 (mosun) (hangeul 모순)

  1. hanja form? of 모순 (contradiction)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Noun

矛盾

  1. chữ Hán form of mâu thuẫn (contradiction).