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矛盾. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
矛盾, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
矛盾 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
矛盾 you have here. The definition of the word
矛盾 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
矛盾, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Chinese
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spear; lance; pike
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shield
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simp. and trad. (矛盾)
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矛
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盾
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alternative forms
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矛楯
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Literally: “lance and shield”.
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Etymology
From a tale in Han Feizi first attested in c. 2nd century BCE.
楚人有鬻盾與矛者,譽之曰:「吾盾之堅,物莫能陷之。」以譽其矛曰:「吾矛之利,於物無不陷也。」或曰:「以子之矛陷子之盾,何如?」其人弗能應也。夫不可陷之盾與無不陷之矛,不可同世而立。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
楚人有鬻盾与矛者,誉之曰:「吾盾之坚,物莫能陷之。」以誉其矛曰:「吾矛之利,于物无不陷也。」或曰:「以子之矛陷子之盾,何如?」其人弗能应也。夫不可陷之盾与无不陷之矛,不可同世而立。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: Han Feizi, circa 2nd century BCE
- Chǔ rén yǒu yù dùn yǔ máo zhě, yù zhī yuē: “Wú dùn zhī jiān, wù mò néng xiàn zhī.” Yǐ yù qí máo yuē: “Wú máo zhī lì, yú wù wú bù xiàn yě.” Huò yuē: “Yǐ zǐ zhī máo xiàn zǐ zhī dùn, hérú?” Qí rén fú néng yìng yě. Fú bùkě xiàn zhī dùn yǔ wú bù xiàn zhī máo, bùkě tóng shì ér lì.
- There was once a man in the state of Chu, who was selling shields and lances. He was praising them saying: “My shields are so firm, that there is nothing that can pierce them.” He praised his lances saying: “My lances are so sharp, that there is nothing that they cannot pierce.” Someone asked: “What if you used your lances to pierce your shields?” The man could not answer. A shield that cannot be pierced and a lance that can pierce everything cannot exist in the same world.
Pronunciation
Rime
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Character
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矛
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盾
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盾
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Reading #
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1/1
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1/2
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2/2
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Initial (聲)
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明 (4)
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船 (27)
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定 (7)
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Final (韻)
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尤 (136)
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諄 (47)
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魂 (55)
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Tone (調)
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Level (Ø)
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Rising (X)
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Rising (X)
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Openness (開合)
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Open
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Closed
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Closed
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Division (等)
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III
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III
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I
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Fanqie
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莫浮切
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食尹切
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徒損切
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Baxter
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mjuw
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zywinX
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dwonX
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Reconstructions
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Zhengzhang Shangfang
|
/mɨu/
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/ʑiuɪnX/
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/duənX/
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Pan Wuyun
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/miu/
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/ʑʷinX/
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/duonX/
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Shao Rongfen
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/miəu/
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/ʑjuenX/
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/duənX/
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Edwin Pulleyblank
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/muw/
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/ʑwinX/
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/dwənX/
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Li Rong
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/miu/
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/d͡ʑiuĕnX/
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/duənX/
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Wang Li
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/mĭəu/
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/d͡ʑĭuĕnX/
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/duənX/
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Bernard Karlgren
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/mi̯ə̯u/
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/d͡ʑʰi̯uĕnX/
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/dʱuənX/
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Expected Mandarin Reflex
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móu
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shùn
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dùn
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Expected Cantonese Reflex
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mau4
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seon6
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deon6
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Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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矛
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盾
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Reading #
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1/1
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1/1
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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máo
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dùn
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Middle Chinese
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‹ mjuw ›
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‹ dwonX ›
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Old Chinese
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/*m(r)u/
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/*lˁuʔ/
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English
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a kind of lance
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shield
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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矛
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盾
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盾
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Reading #
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1/1
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1/2
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2/2
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No.
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8814
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2623
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2631
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Phonetic component
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矛
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盾
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盾
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Rime group
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幽
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文
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文
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Rime subdivision
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1
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2
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2
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Corresponding MC rime
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謀
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囤
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盾
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Old Chinese
|
/*mu/
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/*l'uːnʔ/
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/*ɦljunʔ/
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Noun
矛盾 (idiomatic)
- contradiction; inconsistency; disagreement; incongruity
- 加劇矛盾/加剧矛盾 ― jiājù máodùn ― heightening the contradictions
- problem; issue; conflict
- 階級矛盾/阶级矛盾 ― jiējí máodùn ― class conflict
- 種族矛盾/种族矛盾 ― zhǒngzú máodùn ― ethnic conflict
- (logic, philosophy) paradox
Synonyms
- (paradox): 悖論/悖论 (bèilùn)
Adjective
矛盾
- conflicted; vacillating between two options
他的心裡很矛盾。 [MSC, trad.]
他的心里很矛盾。 [MSC, simp.]- Tā de xīnli hěn máodùn.
- He is feeling really conflicted.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
Japanese
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 矛盾 (MC mjuw zywinX), literally 矛 (“lance, spear”) + 盾 (“shield”). See the Chinese etymology section for the full derivation.
Pronunciation
Noun
矛盾 • (mujun)
- a contradiction, an inconsistency, a paradox
Synonyms
Verb
矛盾する • (mujun suru) suru (stem 矛盾し (mujun shi), past 矛盾した (mujun shita))
- to be inconsistent, to be in contradiction, to be incompatible with
- 彼が今日主張する内容は昨日の行動と矛盾している。
- Kare ga kyō shuchō suru naiyō wa kinō no kōdō to mujun shite iru.
- What he's going on about today isn't compatible with his behavior yesterday.
Conjugation
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
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Mizenkei ("imperfective")
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矛盾し
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むじゅんし
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mujun shi
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Ren’yōkei ("continuative")
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矛盾し
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むじゅんし
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mujun shi
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Shūshikei ("terminal")
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矛盾する
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むじゅんする
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mujun suru
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Rentaikei ("attributive")
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矛盾する
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むじゅんする
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mujun suru
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Kateikei ("hypothetical")
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矛盾すれ
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むじゅんすれ
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mujun sure
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Meireikei ("imperative")
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矛盾せよ¹ 矛盾しろ²
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むじゅんせよ¹ むじゅんしろ²
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mujun seyo¹ mujun shiro²
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Key constructions
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Passive
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矛盾される
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むじゅんされる
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mujun sareru
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Causative
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矛盾させる 矛盾さす
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むじゅんさせる むじゅんさす
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mujun saseru mujun sasu
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Potential
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矛盾できる
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むじゅんできる
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mujun dekiru
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Volitional
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矛盾しよう
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むじゅんしよう
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mujun shiyō
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Negative
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矛盾しない
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むじゅんしない
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mujun shinai
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Negative continuative
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矛盾せず
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むじゅんせず
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mujun sezu
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Formal
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矛盾します
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むじゅんします
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mujun shimasu
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Perfective
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矛盾した
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むじゅんした
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mujun shita
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Conjunctive
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矛盾して
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むじゅんして
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mujun shite
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Hypothetical conditional
|
矛盾すれば
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むじゅんすれば
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mujun sureba
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¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
|
References
Korean
Noun
矛盾 • (mosun) (hangeul 모순)
- hanja form? of 모순 (“contradiction”)
Vietnamese
Noun
矛盾
- chữ Hán form of mâu thuẫn (“contradiction”).