矜
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Translingual
Han character
矜 (Kangxi radical 110, 矛+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹人戈弓 (NHOIN), four-corner 18227, composition ⿰矛今)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 822, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23852
- Dae Jaweon: page 1233, character 29
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2764, character 6
- Unihan data for U+77DC
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 矜 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 貪 | *kʰl'uːm |
| 嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
| 僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
| 酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
| 馠 | *qʰɯːm |
| 谽 | *qʰɯːm |
| 唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
| 含 | *ɡɯːm |
| 肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 筨 | *ɡɯːm |
| 梒 | *ɡɯːm |
| 鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
| 莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
| 琀 | *ɡɯːms |
| 浛 | *ɡɯːms |
| 盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
| 韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
| 玪 | *krɯːm |
| 妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
| 欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
| 黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 鈐 | *ɡram |
| 鳹 | *ɡram |
| 雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 念 | *nɯːms |
| 梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
| 枔 | *sɢrɯm |
| 岑 | *sɡrɯm |
| 笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
| 涔 | *sɡrɯm |
| 侺 | *ɡjɯms |
| 今 | *krɯm |
| 黅 | *krɯm |
| 衿 | *krɯm |
| 衾 | *kʰrɯm |
| 坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
| 搇 | *kʰrɯms |
| 琴 | *ɡrɯm |
| 禽 | *ɡrɯm |
| 芩 | *ɡrɯm |
| 庈 | *ɡrɯm |
| 耹 | *ɡrɯm |
| 靲 | *ɡrɯm |
| 擒 | *ɡrɯm |
| 檎 | *ɡrɯm |
| 紟 | *ɡrɯms |
| 吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
| 訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
| 廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
| 陰 | *qrɯm |
| 霠 | |
| 飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
| 蔭 | *qrɯms |
| 廕 | *qrɯms |
| 矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |
Corrupted from 矝, which is a Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ) : semantic 矛 (“spear”) + phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs). Modern Mandarin pronunciation follows the corrupted phonetic part 今 (jīn).
Etymology 1
| trad. | 矜 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 矜 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ging1
- Eastern Min (BUC): kĭng
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jin
- Wade–Giles: chin1
- Yale: jīn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jin
- Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ging1
- Yale: gīng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ging1
- Guangdong Romanization: ging1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɪŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kĭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: king
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*k-riŋ/, /*k-riŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kɯŋ/
Definitions
矜
- to pity; to feel sorry for; to show sympathy for
Compounds
- 不矜
- 不矜不伐
- 不矜名節 / 不矜名节
- 不矜細行 / 不矜细行
- 剛而自矜 / 刚而自矜
- 可矜
- 哀矜 (āijīn)
- 奮矜 / 奋矜
- 好自矜誇 / 好自矜夸
- 弔詭矜奇 / 吊诡矜奇
- 恃才矜己
- 棘矜
- 矜人 (jīnrén)
- 矜伐
- 矜免
- 矜功
- 矜功不立
- 矜功伐善
- 矜功恃寵 / 矜功恃宠
- 矜功自伐
- 矜功負勝 / 矜功负胜
- 矜功負氣 / 矜功负气
- 矜名嫉能
- 矜哀
- 矜奇立異 / 矜奇立异
- 矜寵 / 矜宠
- 矜己任智
- 矜己自飾 / 矜己自饰
- 矜式
- 矜張 / 矜张
- 矜張顯著 / 矜张显著
- 矜恤 (jīnxù)
- 矜惜
- 矜愍
- 矜憫 / 矜悯 (jīnmǐn)
- 矜才使氣 / 矜才使气
- 矜持 (jīnchí)
- 矜智負能 / 矜智负能
- 矜滿 / 矜满
- 矜矜
- 矜矜業業 / 矜矜业业
- 矜糾收繚 / 矜纠收缭
- 矜育 (jīnyù)
- 矜能負才 / 矜能负才
- 矜莊 / 矜庄
- 矜誇 / 矜夸 (jīnkuā)
- 矜貧恤獨 / 矜贫恤独
- 矜貧救厄 / 矜贫救厄
- 矜貴 / 矜贵 (jīnguì)
- 矜重
- 矜鑒 / 矜鉴
- 矜飾 / 矜饰
- 自矜 (zìjīn)
- 驕矜 / 骄矜 (jiāojīn)
- 驕矜狂妄 / 骄矜狂妄
- 驕矜自喜 / 骄矜自喜
Etymology 2
| trad. | 矜 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 矜 | |
| alternative forms | 𥎊 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cín
- Wade–Giles: chʻin2
- Yale: chín
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyn
- Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kan4
- Yale: kàhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: kan4
- Guangdong Romanization: ken4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɐn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: gin, gj+n
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɡriŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrɯn/, /*ɡɯn/
Definitions
矜
Etymology 3
| trad. | 矜 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 矜 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guan
- Wade–Giles: kuan1
- Yale: gwān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guan
- Palladius: гуань (guanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯än⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gwaan1
- Yale: gwāan
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwaan1
- Guangdong Romanization: guan1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷaːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
矜
- † Alternative form of 鰥 / 鳏 (guān, “old man with no wife”)
- † Alternative form of 瘝 (guān, “to be ill”)
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
矜
Readings
- Go-on: きょう (kyō)、けん (ken)、ごん (gon)
- Kan-on: かん (kan)、きょう (kyō)、きん (kin)
- Kan’yō-on: きん (kin)
- Kun: あわれむ (awaremu, 矜れむ)、つつしむ (tsutsushimu, 矜む)、ほこる (hokoru, 矜る)
Korean
Hanja
矜 • (geung, geun) (hangeul 긍, 근, revised geung, geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭng, kŭn, Yale kung, kun)
- pity
- feel sorry for
- show sympathy for