砂

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砂 U+7802, 砂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7802
← 码
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 砃 →

Translingual

Han character

Stroke order
9 strokes

砂 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一口火竹 (MRFH), four-corner 19620, composition ⿰石少)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 827, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24046
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1242, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2420, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+7802

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 砂
2nd round simp. 沙

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (沙) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
硰 *ʔsaːlʔ, *sʰaːlʔ, *sraːl
娑 *saːl, *saːlʔ
挱 *saːl, *sraːl
挲 *saːl
桫 *saːl
渻 *saːl, *sreŋʔ, *seŋʔ
沙 *sraːl, *sraːls
紗 *sraːl
砂 *sraːl
鯊 *sraːl
裟 *sraːl
桬 *sraːl
髿 *sraːl, *soːl
魦 *sraːl, *soːl
莎 *soːl
莏 *soːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːl) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 少 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls). Originally, this character was a variant form of 沙, a Pictogram (象形) that represents the appearance of sand along a riverbank.[1]

References

  1. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Pronunciation

Note:
  • soa/see/se - vernacular;
  • sa - literary.
Note:
  • sua1 - vernacular;
  • sa1 - literary.
Rime
Character 砂
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 所加切
Baxter srae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʃˠa/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʃᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʃa/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʂaɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ʃa/
Wang
Li 		/ʃa/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʂa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shā
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		saa1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 砂
Reading # 1/1
No. 11027
Phonetic
component 		沙
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		鯊
Old
Chinese 		/*sraːl/
Notes 俗沙字

Definitions

砂

  1. Alternative form of 沙 (“sand”)
  2. Alternative form of 沙 (“extremely mushy and/or rough (as sand), texture of a watermelon of good quality”)
    砂糖  ―  shātáng  ―  granulated sugar
    硒砂瓜  ―  xīshāguā  ―  Selenium(-rich) Gourd
  3. (Malaysia, Singapore) Short for 砂拉越 (Shālāyuè, “Sarawak”).

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

砂

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. sand

Readings

  • Go-on: しゃ (sha, Jōyō)←しや (sya, historical)
  • Kan-on: さ (sa, Jōyō)
  • Kun: すな (suna, 砂, Jōyō)、いさご (isago, 砂)

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
砂
すな
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

砂(すな) • (suna) 

  1. sand
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
砂
いさご
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

砂(いさご) • (isago) 

  1. sand

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

砂 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

砂: Hán Nôm readings: sa

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yonaguni

Kanji

砂

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 砂 (suna).

Noun

砂(ちな) (china) 

  1. sand

Yoron

Kanji

砂

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 砂 (suna).

Noun

砂(しな) (shina) 

  1. sand
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