祈る

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
祈
いの
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
祈る (kyūjitai)
祷る

Etymology

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).

Derived from 斎 (i-, prefix expressing sacredness) + 宣る (noru, “to say or express an intention, usually to a deity”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「祈る」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		祈る いのる
Imperative (命令形) 祈れ いのれ
Key constructions
Passive 祈られる いのられる
Causative 祈らせる いのらせる
Potential 祈れる いのれる
Volitional 祈ろう いのろー
Negative 祈らない いのらない
Negative perfective 祈らなかった いのらなかった
Formal 祈ります いのります
Perfective 祈った いのった
Conjunctive 祈って いのって
Hypothetical conditional 祈れば いのれば

Verb

祈(いの)る • (inoru) transitive godan (stem 祈(いの)り (inori), past 祈(いの)った (inotta))

  1. to pray
    Synonym: 祈願する (kigan suru)
    成(せい)功(こう)を祈(いの)る。
    Seikō o inoru.
    Good luck.
    (literally, “I'll pray for your success.”)
  2. to (sincerely) hope for
    Synonyms: 希望する (kibō suru), 望む (nozomu)
  3. (commonly used as passive voice) to reject job
    • 2014 January 15, “就職無理学部の就活: １人で悩むな！”, in 図書館ウェブサイト‎, Kyushu University Library:
      僕(ぼく)も第(だい)一(いち)志(し)望(ぼう)の業(ぎょう)界(かい)に祈(いの)られ続(つづ)け、本(ほん)当(とう)に辛(つら)い思(おも)いをした記(き)憶(おく)もあります。
      Boku mo daīchi shibō no gyōkai ni inorare tsuzuke, hontō ni tsurai omoi o shita kioku mo ari masu.
      I was also continuously rejected by my top-choice industry, and also remember having trying experience.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "祈る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 祈ら いのら inora
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 祈り いのり inori
Shūshikei ("terminal") 祈る いのる inoru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 祈る いのる inoru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 祈れ いのれ inore
Meireikei ("imperative") 祈れ いのれ inore
Key constructions
Passive 祈られる いのられる inorareru
Causative 祈らせる
祈らす 		いのらせる
いのらす 		inoraseru
inorasu
Potential 祈れる いのれる inoreru
Volitional 祈ろう いのろう inorō
Negative 祈らない いのらない inoranai
Negative continuative 祈らず いのらず inorazu
Formal 祈ります いのります inorimasu
Perfective 祈った いのった inotta
Conjunctive 祈って いのって inotte
Hypothetical conditional 祈れば いのれば inoreba
Classical conjugation of "祈る" (ラ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 祈ら いのら inora
Continuative (連用形) 祈り いのり inori
Terminal (終止形) 祈る いのる inoru
Attributive (連体形) 祈る いのる inoru
Realis (已然形) 祈れ いのれ inore
Imperative (命令形) 祈れ いのれ inore
Key constructions
Negative 祈らず いのらず inorazu
Contrasting conjunction 祈れど いのれど inoredo
Causal conjunction 祈れば いのれば inoreba
Conditional conjunction 祈らば いのらば inoraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 祈りき いのりき inoriki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 祈りけり いのりけり inorikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 祈りつ いのりつ inoritu
Perfect tense (natural event) 祈りぬ いのりぬ inorinu
Perfect-continuative tense 祈れり
祈りたり		 いのれり
いのりたり		 inoreri
inoritari
Volitional 祈らむ いのらむ inoramu

Derived terms

Derived terms

Proverbs

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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