祖

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祖 U+7956, 祖
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7956
← 祕
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 祗 →

祖 U+FA50, 祖
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA50
← 祐
 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 祝 →
祖 U+2F953, 祖
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F953
← 𥘦
 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𥚚 →

Translingual

Han character

祖 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈火月一 (IFBM), four-corner 37210, composition ⿰礻且(GHTJV) or ⿰示且(K))

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 841, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24664
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1260, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2391, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+7956

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 祖
alternative forms 且

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 祖
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (且) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
虘 *zaːl, *zaː
蔖 *zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ
摣 *rnaː, *ʔsraː
袓 *ʔsjaː, *zaʔ
怚 *ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ
罝 *ʔsjaː
謯 *ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ
姐 *ʔsjaːʔ
抯 *ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː
飷 *ʔsjaːʔ
且 *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa
趄 *sʰjaːs, *sʰa
笡 *sʰjaːs
查 *ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː
柤 *ʔsraː
樝 *ʔsraː
皻 *ʔsraː
渣 *ʔsraː
楂 *zraː
苴 *zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa
駔 *ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ
租 *ʔsaː
蒩 *ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa
祖 *ʔsaːʔ
組 *ʔsaːʔ
珇 *ʔsaːʔ
靻 *ʔsaːʔ
粗 *sʰaː, *zaːʔ
徂 *zaː
殂 *zaː
麆 *zaːʔ, *zras
伹 *zaːʔ, *sʰa
蛆 *ʔsa, *sʰa
沮 *ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra
咀 *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ
疽 *sʰa
雎 *sʰa
狙 *sʰa, *sʰas
岨 *sʰa
砠 *sʰa
坥 *sʰa, *sʰas
刞 *sʰas
覰 *sʰas
覷 *sʰas
跙 *zaʔ
筯 *das
菹 *ʔsra
葅 *ʔsra
阻 *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
俎 *ʔsraʔ
詛 *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
鉏 *zra, *zraʔ
豠 *zra
鋤 *zra
耡 *zra, *zras
齟 *zraʔ
助 *zras

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaːʔ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa). Specialization of 且. See there for more.

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “please compare with Arakanese အဇူအဇာ (ancestors, forefathers)”)

“to Zucc”
Short for 祖克柏 (Zǔkèbó, “(Mark) Zuckerberg”), from English Zuckerberg.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 祖
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 則古切
Baxter tsuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡suoX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡suoX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡soX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sɔX/
Li
Rong 		/t͡soX/
Wang
Li 		/t͡suX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡suoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zou2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 祖
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zǔ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsuX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ˁaʔ/
English ancestor

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 祖
Reading # 1/1
No. 10398
Phonetic
component 		且
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		祖
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsaːʔ/

Definitions

祖

  1. ancestor; forebear; forefather
    祭祖  ―  jìzǔ  ―  to offer sacrifices to one's ancestors
    1. One of the two suffixes of emperors' temple names.
      Coordinate term: 宗 (zōng)
  2. grandparent; grandfather or grandmother
    祖父  ―  zǔfù  ―  paternal grandfather
  3. founder
  4. (literary) to follow the example of; to pattern after
  5. (Internet slang, usually passive voice) to ban someone on Facebook; to Zucc
  6. a surname. Zu
    祖沖之／祖冲之  ―  Zǔ Chōngzhī  ―  Zu Chongzhi (Chinese astronomer and mathematician during the Liu Song and Southern Qi dynasties)
  7. (Cantonese) A transliteration of the English male given name Joe

Compounds

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 祖
Kyūjitai
[1]
祖
&#xFA50;
or
祖+&#xFE00;?
祖󠄁
祖+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
祖󠄃
祖+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

祖

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 祖)

  1. founder, ancestor

Readings

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
祖
そ
Grade: 5
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
祖 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 祖 (tsuX, “ancestor”).

Pronunciation

Noun

祖(そ) • (so) 

  1. ancestor

References

  1. ^ “祖”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 祖 (MC tsuX). Recorded as Middle Korean 조〮 (cwó) (Yale: cwo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

祖 (eumhun 할아버지 조 (harabeoji jo))

  1. hanja form? of 조 (“grandfather; ancestor”)

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Noun

祖

  1. chữ Hán form of tổ.

Derived terms

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Sagapedia