. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
you have here. The definition of the word
will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order (Mainland China)
Han character
神 (Kangxi radical 113, 示 +5, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean , 9 strokes in mainland China and Japanese , cangjie input 戈火中田中 (IFLWL ), four-corner 35206 , composition ⿰礻 申 (G H T J V ) or ⿰示 申 (K or U+FA19
) )
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 842 , character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24673
Dae Jaweon: page 1261, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2392, character 1
Unihan data for U+795E
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
電
*l'iːns
胂
*l̥ʰin, *hlin
申
*hlin
伸
*hlin
呻
*hlin
紳
*hlin
眒
*hlin, *hlins
柛
*hlin
訷
*hlin
抻
*hlins
神
*hlin
朄
*lins
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *hlin ) : semantic 示 ( “ god ; deity ” ) + phonetic 申 ( OC *hlin , “ lightning ” ) .
Originally 申 in the oracle bone script and in some bronze inscriptions. The ancients feared the unpredictable lightning and considered it to be divine or of divine origin . 示 was added for specialization.
Etymology 1
Possibly Sino-Tibetan ; compare Chepang ग्लीङ्ह ( gliŋh , “ spirit , mind , soul ” ) (Schuessler, 2007 ).
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : shén (shen2 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄕㄣˊ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : sen2
(Xi'an , Guanzhong Pinyin ) : shén
(Nanjing , Nanjing Pinyin ) : shén
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : шын (šɨn, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : san4
(Dongguan , Jyutping++ ) : san4
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : sin3
Gan (Wiktionary ) : siin1
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : sṳ̀n
(Hailu , HRS ) : shin
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : sen2
Jin (Wiktionary ) : seng1
Northern Min (KCR ) : sěng
Eastern Min (BUC ) : sìng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing ): sing2
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : sîn
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : sing5 / sêng5
(Leizhou , Leizhou Pinyin ) : xieng5
Southern Pinghua (Nanning , Jyutping++ ) : sen4
Wu (Shanghai , Wugniu ) : 6 zen
Xiang (Changsha , Wiktionary ) : sen2
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
神
Reading #
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
shén
Middle Chinese
‹ zyin ›
Old Chinese
/*Cə.li/
English
spirit
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
神
Reading #
1/1
No.
11245
Phonetic component
申
Rime group
眞
Rime subdivision
1
Corresponding MC rime
神
Old Chinese
/*hlin/
Definitions
神
( religion ) god ; deity ; spirit
神 位 ― shén wèi ― spirit tablet
財神 / 财神 ― cáishén ― god of wealth
死神 ― sǐshén ― god of death
守護神 / 守护神 ― shǒuhùshén ― tutelary deity
無神 論 / 无神 论 ― wúshén lùn ― atheism
一神 教 ― yīshén jiào ― monotheism
子 不 語 怪 、力 、亂 、神 。 [Classical Chinese , trad. ] 子 不 语 怪 、力 、乱 、神 。 [Classical Chinese , simp. ] From: The Analects of Confucius , c. 475 – 221 BCE Zǐ bù yǔ guài, lì, luàn, shén . Confucius does not speak about strange phenomenon, violence, rebellion, and spirits .
西方 有 神 ,名 曰 佛 。 [Literary Chinese , trad. and simp. ] From: The Book of the Later Han , circa 5th century CE Xīfāng yǒu shén , míng yuē Fó. In the west there is a deity , they call him Buddha.
……在 諸 神 中 行 審判 ,…… [MSC , trad. ] ……在 诸 神 中 行 审判 ,…… [MSC , simp. ] From: 和合本 ( Héhéběn ) (Chinese Union Version ), 詩篇 (Psalms ) 82:1...... zài zhūshén zhōng xíng shěnpàn,...... in the midst of the god s he holds judgment:
( Protestantism , specifically) God
spirit ; soul ; mind
expression ; countenance ; appearance
supernatural ; magic ; psychic
extraordinary ; unbelievable ; sublime
a surname . Shen
( neologism , Internet slang ) Sinophobe of Chinese nationality
Synonyms
Terms for God in different branches of Christianity
Compounds
Descendants
Others :
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Definitions
神
Only used in 神荼 (Shēnshū ).
References
Japanese
Shinjitai
神
Kyūjitai [ 1]
神 神
or神 +︀
?
神󠄀 神 +󠄀
? (Adobe-Japan1 )
神󠄃 神 +󠄃
? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.
Kanji
神
(Third grade kyōiku kanji , shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 神 )
Readings
Go-on : じん ( jin , Jōyō )
Kan-on : しん ( shin , Jōyō )
Kun : かみ ( kami , 神 , Jōyō ) 、かん ( kan , 神 , Jōyō † ) ←かん ( kan , 神 , historical ) ←かむ ( kamu , 神 , ancient) 、こう ( kō , 神 , Jōyō † ) ←かう ( kau , 神 , historical )
Nanori : か ( ka ) 、かむ ( kamu ) 、きよ ( kiyo ) 、しの ( shino ) 、たる ( taru ) 、みわ ( miwa )
Compounds
Etymology 1
Alternative spelling
神 ( kyūjitai )
⟨kami2 ⟩ → */kamɨ/ → /kami/
From Old Japanese , ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kamui .
Not related to 上 ( kami1 → kami , “ top , upper ” ) or 髪 ( kami , “ hair ” ) .
Often appears in compounds as kamu- or kan- , indicating that kami is an unbound form deriving from */kamui/ . Such apophony has occurred in other Japanese terms, such as 目 ( me, ma- , “ eye ” ) or 酒 ( sake, saka- , “ sake , liquor ” ) . See also WT:AJPX#Standalone forms and combining forms .
Compare Korean 검 ( geom , “ god , spirit ” ) and Ainu カムイ ( kamuy , “ god ” ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
神( かみ ) • (kami )
( Shinto ) a spirit or an essence present in all things , the main subject of worship of Shinto
( by extension, religion ) a deity , god
( by extension ) thunder
a Shinto shrine
a person of outstanding talent or skill
( Internet slang , attributive ) something amazing ; great ; fantastic ; awesome
神( かみ ) 曲( きょく ) ― kami kyoku ― amazing song
神( かみ ) ゲー ― kami gē ― amazing game
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:神 .
Derived terms
Descendants
Proper noun
神( かみ ) • (Kami )
( Christianity ) God
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:神 .
See also
Etymology 2
Alternative spelling
神 ( kyūjitai )
From Middle Chinese 神 (MC zyin ). Compare modern Mandarin 神 ( shén ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
神( しん ) • (shin )
( religion ) a deity , god , kami
a mysterious or incomprehensible force , compare English act of God
a mind , soul , spirit
Short for 神道 ( shintō ) : Shinto
Derived terms
Affix
神( しん ) • (shin )
deity , god , kami
mysterious or incomprehensible force
mind , soul , spirit
Short for 神道 ( shintō ) : Shinto
Short for 神戸 ( Kōbe , “ Kōbe (a city in Japan )” ) .
阪神( はんしん ) ( hanshin )
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Alternative spelling
神 ( kyūjitai )
From Middle Chinese 神 (MC zyin ).
Pronunciation
Noun
神( じん ) • (jin )
( rare ) Same as しん ( shin ) above
Affix
神( じん ) • (jin )
deity , god , kami
mysterious or incomprehensible force
Derived terms
Etymology 4
Alternative spellings
神 ( kyūjitai ) 霊
⟨mi1 ⟩ → */mʲi/ → /mi/
From Old Japanese .
Cognate with 御 ( mi- ) , an honorific prefix originally used to refer to gods and other high-status objects.
Noun
神( み ) • (mi )
( rare ) a god or spirit
Derived terms
References
^ “神 ”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia ] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation , 2015–2024
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute , editor (1998 ), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary ] (in Japanese), Tokyo : NHK Publishing, Inc. , →ISBN
↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 [Daijirin ] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo : Sanseidō , →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 神 (MC zyin ). Recorded as Middle Korean 신 ( sin ) (Yale : sin ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회 ), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource
神 (eumhun 귀신 신 ( gwisin sin ) )
hanja form? of 신 ( “ ghost ; spirit ; phantom ; god ” )
Compounds
Compounds
신경 (神經 , sin'gyeong , “( medicine ) nerves ”)
신기 (神奇 , sin'gi , “mysterious ”)
신령 (神靈 , sillyeong , “gods ; deities ; divinities ”)
신비 (神祕 , sinbi , “mystery ”)
신선 (神仙 , sinseon , “celestial or divine being ; an immortal ”)
신성 (神聖 , sinseong , “holiness , sacredness ”)
신점 (神占 , sinjeom , “divination ”)
신화 (神話 , sinhwa , “A myth or legend .”)
귀신 (鬼神 , gwisin , “ghost , spirit ”)
실신 (失神 , silsin , “faint ”)
정신 (精神 , jeongsin , “mind ; consciousness ; pneuma ; psyche ”)
References
국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典 .
Okinawan
Kanji
神
(Third grade kyōiku kanji , shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 神 )
Readings
Etymology
Alternative spelling
神 ( kyūjitai )
From Proto-Ryukyuan *kami .
Pronunciation
Noun
神( かみ ) (kami )
a spirit or an essence present in all things
a god , deity
References
Old Japanese
Compounds
Etymology 1
From Proto-Japonic *kamuy .
Can be parsed as a compound of bound apophonic 神 ( kamu ) + い ( i , emphatic nominative particle ) .
Noun
神 (kami2 ) (kana かみ )
a spirit or an essence present in all things
a god , deity
( by extension ) an Emperor or Empress regnant of Japan
an evil spirit , such as a snake or wild beast
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:神 .
Derived terms
Derived terms
神さぶ ( kamusabu )
神しむ ( kamusimu )
神ぶ ( kamubu )
神風 ( kami2 kaze, kamukaze )
随神 ( kamunagara )
神無月 ( kami2 naduki2 , kamunaduki2 )
神の命 ( kami2 no2 mi1 ko2 to2 )
神宮 ( kamumi1 ya )
天つ神 ( ama tu kami2 )
大神 ( opokami2 )
大御神 ( opomi1 kami1 )
國つ神 ( kuni tu kami2 )
皇神 ( sume1 kami2 )
鳴る神 ( narukami2 )
火の神 ( pi2 no2 kami2 , pono2 kami2 )
八百萬の神 ( yapoyo2 ro2 du no2 kami2 )
Descendants
Etymology 2
Cognate with 御 ( mi1 - ) , an honorific prefix originally used to refer to gods and other high-status objects.
Noun
神 (mi1 ) (kana み )
( rare ) a god or spirit
Derived terms
山祇 ( yamatumi1 )
海神 ( watatumi1 )
Descendants
Vietnamese
Chữ Hán
神 : Hán Việt readings: thần [ 1] [ 2] [ 3]
神 : Nôm readings: thần [ 1] [ 2] , thằn [ 1] , thườn [ 3]
Noun
神 • (thần )
chữ Hán form of thần .
deity
heavenly beings
mind ; spirit ; look ; expression ; mien
References