禁

禁 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 木木一一火 (DDMMF), four-corner 4490₁, composition ⿱林示)

• 僸, 凚, 噤, 𡑲, 𡢾, 㦗, 㩒, 澿, 𣋜, 㯲, 𭭵, 𤐖, 𦡞, 𥋴, 𥖜, 𬓛, 𥢻, 襟, 𥽍, 䌝(𦈟), 𬜏, 𨆃, 𨣤, 𨭺, 𪊅, 齽(𬺔)
• 𣰙, 𠢱, 㱈, 䫴(𩖗), 𪇎, 𭂃, 𦽔, 𢋎, 𤻎, 𠢵

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 844, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24743
• Dae Jaweon: page 1264, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2400, character 4
• Unihan data for U+7981

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯm, *krɯms) : phonetic 林 (OC *ɡ·rɯm) + semantic 示 (“altar”).

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krim (“custom, prohibition”). Compare Tibetan ཁྲིམས (khrims, “law, rule; habit”), Mizo hrem (“to punish”) and Japhug khrɯm (“punishment”), although the latter may be borrowed from Tibetan (Jacques, 2015; Jacques, 2004: 89).

Schessler (2007) also adds Burmese ခြိမ်း (hkrim:, “to threaten”) to the list of the possible cognates, however this word likely belongs to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-krim (“to threaten”).

禁

1. to bear; to endure
2. to be able to withstand

   我唔禁激㗎。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   ngo⁵ m⁴ kam¹ gik¹ gaa³.

   I cannot stand getting annoyed.

3. (chiefly in the negative) to contain oneself; to restrain oneself
4. to torment; to torture
5. (Cantonese) durable

   件衫啲料好禁喎。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   件衫啲料好禁㖞。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   gin⁶ saam¹ di¹ liu^6-2 hou² kam¹ wo³.

   The shirt's material is quite durable.

6. Alternative form of 襟 (jīn, “coat sash; belt (to fasten clothes); girdle”)

禁

1. to prohibit; to forbid; to restrict
2. to pin down; to restrain
3. to block; to hinder
4. to imprison; to detain; to take into custody
5. to use incantation
6. to store up; to hoard
7. ban; prohibition; restriction; interdict
8. taboo; banned item or thing
9. prison; jail; confinement
10. (historical) court; palace
11. (historical) ritual table; wine altar
12. sorcery; incantation; spell

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. to ban, to prohibit, to forbid
2. to confine
3. palace

• Go-on: こん (kon)
• Kan-on: きん (kin, Jōyō)
• Kun: とどめる (todomeru, 禁める); いさめる (isameru, 禁める); たえる (taeru)

From Middle Chinese 禁 (MC kim|kimH). The kan'on, so likely a later borrowing.

• (Tokyo) き​ん (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

禁(きん) • (kin) 

1. ban, prohibition
2. banned, prohibited, forbidden

   転(てん)載(さい)禁(きん)

   tensai kin

   Reproduction prohibited.

   • Antonyms : 可(か) (ka, “allowed”)

禁 (eumhun 금할 금 (geumhal geum))

1. Hanja form^? of 금 (“prohibition”).

• 금지 (禁止, geumji, “prohibition”)
• 금기 (禁忌, geumgi, “taboo”)

禁: Hán Nôm readings: cấm, bấm, quắm

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