絶望
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Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 絶 | 望 |
| ぜつ Grade: 5 |
ぼう Grade: 4 |
| goon | kan'on |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 絕望 (kyūjitai) |
Pronunciation
Noun
絶望 • (zetsubō) ←ぜつばう (zetubau)?
- despair; hopelessness
- 2007 October 20, Izawa, Hiroshi with Yamada, Kotaro, “第42話 父と子 [Chapter 42: Father and Son]”, in ファイアーエムブレム 覇者の剣 [Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions], Jump Remix edition, volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 244:
- 始祖竜を甦らせる最後の鍵、それは…「絶望」
- Shisoryū o yomigaeraseru saigo no kagi, sore wa…“zetsubō”
- The last key to resurrecting the First Dragon… “despair”
- 始祖竜を甦らせる最後の鍵、それは…「絶望」
Verb
絶望する • (zetsubō suru) ←ぜつばう (zetubau)?suru (stem 絶望し (zetsubō shi), past 絶望した (zetsubō shita))
- to despair, to abandon, to lose all hope.
- 1988 July 30 [1983 December 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “未来ドロボウ (未来ドロボウ) [The Future Thief]”, in ひとりぼっちの宇宙戦争 [The One-Man Cosmic War] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 1), 16th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 118:
- あの子が自分の未来に絶望したのは進学問題からだ。それが今夜逆転した。
- Ano ko ga jibun mirai ni zetsubō shita no wa shingaku mondai kara da. Sore ga kon’ya gyakutenshita.
- The boy was frustrated with his future because he couldn’t afford to go to school. That was solved tonight.
- あの子が自分の未来に絶望したのは進学問題からだ。それが今夜逆転した。
Conjugation
Conjugation of "絶望する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 絶望し | ぜつぼうし | zetsubō shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 絶望し | ぜつぼうし | zetsubō shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 絶望する | ぜつぼうする | zetsubō suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 絶望する | ぜつぼうする | zetsubō suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 絶望すれ | ぜつぼうすれ | zetsubō sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 絶望せよ¹ 絶望しろ² |
ぜつぼうせよ¹ ぜつぼうしろ² |
zetsubō seyo¹ zetsubō shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 絶望される | ぜつぼうされる | zetsubō sareru | |
| Causative | 絶望させる 絶望さす |
ぜつぼうさせる ぜつぼうさす |
zetsubō saseru zetsubō sasu | |
| Potential | 絶望できる | ぜつぼうできる | zetsubō dekiru | |
| Volitional | 絶望しよう | ぜつぼうしよう | zetsubō shiyō | |
| Negative | 絶望しない | ぜつぼうしない | zetsubō shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 絶望せず | ぜつぼうせず | zetsubō sezu | |
| Formal | 絶望します | ぜつぼうします | zetsubō shimasu | |
| Perfective | 絶望した | ぜつぼうした | zetsubō shita | |
| Conjunctive | 絶望して | ぜつぼうして | zetsubō shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 絶望すれば | ぜつぼうすれば | zetsubō sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN