絶望

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See also: 絕望 and 绝望

Japanese

Kanji in this term
絶 望
ぜつ
Grade: 5 		ぼう
Grade: 4
goon kan'on
Alternative spelling
絕望 (kyūjitai)
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Pronunciation

Noun

絶(ぜつ)望(ぼう) • (zetsubō) ←ぜつばう (zetubau)?

  1. despair; hopelessness
    • 2007 October 20, Izawa, Hiroshi with Yamada, Kotaro, “第(だい)42話(わ)　父(ちち)と子(こ) [Chapter 42: Father and Son]”, in ファイアーエムブレム 覇者の剣 [Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions], Jump Remix edition, volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 244:
      始(し)祖(そ)竜(りゅう)を甦(よみがえ)らせる最(さい)後(ご)の鍵(かぎ)、それは…「絶(ぜつ)望(ぼう)」
      Shisoryū o yomigaeraseru saigo no kagi, sore wa…“zetsubō”
      The last key to resurrecting the First Dragon… “despair”

Verb

絶(ぜつ)望(ぼう)する • (zetsubō suru) ←ぜつばう (zetubau)?suru (stem 絶(ぜつ)望(ぼう)し (zetsubō shi), past 絶(ぜつ)望(ぼう)した (zetsubō shita))

  1. to despair, to abandon, to lose all hope.
    • 1988 July 30 [1983 December 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “未(み)来(らい)ドロボウ [The Future Thief]”, in ひとりぼっちの宇宙戦争 [The One-Man Cosmic War] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 1), 16th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 118:
      あの子が自分の未(み)来(らい)に絶(ぜつ)望(ぼう)したのは進(しん)学(がく)問(もん)題(だい)からだ。それが今夜逆(ぎゃく)転(てん)した。
      Ano ko ga jibun mirai ni zetsubō shita no wa shingaku mondai kara da. Sore ga kon’ya gyakutenshita.
      The boy was frustrated with his future because he couldn’t afford to go to school. That was solved tonight.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "絶望する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 絶望し ぜつぼうし zetsubō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 絶望し ぜつぼうし zetsubō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 絶望する ぜつぼうする zetsubō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 絶望する ぜつぼうする zetsubō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 絶望すれ ぜつぼうすれ zetsubō sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 絶望せよ¹
絶望しろ² 		ぜつぼうせよ¹
ぜつぼうしろ² 		zetsubō seyo¹
zetsubō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 絶望される ぜつぼうされる zetsubō sareru
Causative 絶望させる
絶望さす 		ぜつぼうさせる
ぜつぼうさす 		zetsubō saseru
zetsubō sasu
Potential 絶望できる ぜつぼうできる zetsubō dekiru
Volitional 絶望しよう ぜつぼうしよう zetsubō shiyō
Negative 絶望しない ぜつぼうしない zetsubō shinai
Negative continuative 絶望せず ぜつぼうせず zetsubō sezu
Formal 絶望します ぜつぼうします zetsubō shimasu
Perfective 絶望した ぜつぼうした zetsubō shita
Conjunctive 絶望して ぜつぼうして zetsubō shite
Hypothetical conditional 絶望すれば ぜつぼうすれば zetsubō sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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