至

至	U+81F3, 至 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81F3

← 臲

CJK Unified Ideographs

致 →

⾄	U+2F84, ⾄ KANGXI RADICAL ARRIVE

← ⾃

Kangxi Radicals

⾅ →

㉃	U+3243, ㉃ PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH REACH

← ㉂

Enclosed CJK Letters and Months

㉄ →

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

至 (Kangxi radical 133, 至+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一戈土 (MIG), four-corner 1010₄, composition ⿱𠫔土)

Derived characters

Appendix:Chinese radical/至
侄, 咥, 垤, 姪, 峌, 恎, 挃, 洷, 𤞂, 𨒬, 晊, 桎, 𣨂, 𤈜, 𤥇, 胵, 祬, 眰, 𥎹, 𥒓, 秷, 䘭, 絰(绖), 𬚘, 蛭, 𡖧, 誈, 𫎮, 跮, 輊(轾), 銍(铚), 𬺁, 𩊞, 䬹, 𪨛, 駤(𫘠), 𩳀, 𩶪, 𪀒, 𪏀, 𪖣, 𪗻
到, 郅, 𫠮, 𣢶, 𧠫, 𧵼, 𨾽, 𩒐, 鵄(𬸈), 䶍, 𢎆, 㦶, 室, 荎, 耊, 窒, 䇪, 耋, 厔, 屋, 𢩈, 庢, 痓, 𨴗(𨸅), 𭅙, 𡇓
晉, via 臸

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1001, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30142
Dae Jaweon: page 1457, character 17
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2814, character 1
Unihan data for U+81F3

Chinese

simp. and trad.		至

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 至
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (至) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
致	*tiɡs
輊	*tiɡs
駤	*tiɡs
跮	tʰiɡs, tʰiɡ
荎	di, diːɡ
緻	*diɡs
至	*tjiɡs
鵄	*tʰji
胵	*tʰji
痓	*tʰjiɡs
咥	hriɡs, tiːɡ, diːɡ, tʰiɡ
窒	tiːɡ, tiɡ
蛭	tiːɡ, tiɡ, *tjiɡ
垤	*diːɡ
耋	*diːɡ
姪	diːɡ, diɡ
絰	*diːɡ
恎	*diːɡ
挃	*tiɡ
庢	*tiɡ
銍	tiɡ, tjiɡ
秷	*tiɡ
螲	*tiɡ
侄	diɡ, tjiɡ
桎	*tjiɡ
郅	*tjiɡ
晊	*tjiɡ
室	*hliɡ

Ideogram (指事) : an arrow stuck into the ground. Some folk etymologies interpret the whole pictogram as an eagle catching a prey.

Compare 畀 and 矢. See also the bottom component of 睪, the original versions of 弗 and the top component of 𢦏.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhì (zhi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zi³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): zi¹
Gan (Wiktionary): zi⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳ

(Meixian, Guangdong): zi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): zi³
Eastern Min (BUC): cé
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chì

(Teochew, Peng'im): zi³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhì
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhìh
  - Wade–Giles: chih⁴
  - Yale: jr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
  - Palladius: чжи (čži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zi³
  - Yale: ji
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: zi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: zi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: zii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zi³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁴⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cé
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛi²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chì
  - Tâi-lô: tsì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cix
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡si⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡si¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡si²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zi³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsì
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²¹³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsy
  - MiniDict: tsy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩³⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsyijH

Rime
Character	至
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	脂利切
Baxter	tsyijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjɪ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ci^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕi^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ti-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjiɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	至
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhì
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyij^H ›
Old Chinese	/*ti-s/
English	arrive
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	至
Reading #	1/1
No.	17342
Phonetic component	至
Rime group	至
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	至
Old Chinese	/*tjiɡs/

Definitions

至

to reach; to arrive
extreme; most
(literary, or in compounds) extreme point; limit
from … to …
1. from … to … (a time)
  三至五月 ― sān zhì wǔyuè ― from March to May
2. from … to … (a place)
(Cantonese) only then

Synonyms

(to arrive):

edit

來到 / 来到 (láidào)
來臨 / 来临 (láilín)
到來 / 到来 (dàolái)
到達 / 到达 (dàodá)
就 (jiù) (literary, or in compounds)
抵達 / 抵达 (dǐdá)
達 / 达 (literary, or in compounds)
降臨 / 降临 (jiànglín)

(most):

Dialectal synonyms of 最 (“most”)

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		最, 至
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		最
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	最, 頂
	Taiwan	最
	Malaysia	最
	Singapore	最
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	最, 頂
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	最
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	最, 第一
	Wuhan	頂
	Guilin	最
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	頂, 最
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	頂, 最
Cantonese	Guangzhou	最, 至
	Hong Kong	最, 至
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	最
	Taishan	最, 至
	Yangjiang	至
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	最
	Hepu (Shatian)	最
	Beihai	最
	Beihai (Nankang)	最
	Beihai (Yingpan)	最
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	最
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	最
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	最
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	最
	Singapore (Guangfu)	最
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	最
	Móng Cái	最
Gan	Nanchang	頂
Hakka	Meixian	最, 第一
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	盡, 最
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	最, 盡
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	最
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	盡, 最
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	最
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	頭
	Hong Kong	最
Jin	Taiyuan	頂
Northern Min	Jian'ou	頂, 最, 第一
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	第一, 最
Eastern Min	Matsu	第一
Southern Min	Xiamen	第一, 第, 一, 上
	Quanzhou	第一, 第, 上
	Jinjiang	上
	Zhangzhou	第一, 上
	Zhao'an	上
	Dongshan	上
	Taipei	上
	Kaohsiung	上
	Yilan	上
	Changhua (Lukang)	上
	Taichung	上
	Tainan	上
	Hsinchu	上
	Kinmen	上
	Penang (Hokkien)	第一
	Singapore (Hokkien)	上
	Manila (Hokkien)	第, 上
	Chaozhou	上頂, 上
	Shantou	上, 最
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	一
	Jieyang	上, 上頂
	Singapore (Teochew)	上
	Pontianak (Teochew)	上
	Wenchang	最
	Qionghai	最
Wu	Shanghai	最, 最最, 頂
	Suzhou	頂, 最
	Ningbo	頂, 頂頂
	Wenzhou	頂, 最
Xiang	Changsha	頂, 最
Xiang	Shuangfeng	頂, 最

(only then):

Dialectal synonyms of 才 (“only after; only then; not ... until”)

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		才₂, 再, 方, 始, 方才
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	才₂
Northeastern Mandarin	Singapore	才₂
Cantonese	Guangzhou	先, 至, 先至
Cantonese	Hong Kong	先, 至, 先至
Hakka	Meixian	正
Southern Min	Xiamen	才₃
	Quanzhou	才₃
	Zhangzhou	才₃
	Singapore (Hokkien)	才₃
	Manila (Hokkien)	才₃
	Shantou	正
	Singapore (Teochew)	正
Wu	Shanghai	再, 才₂
Wu	Suzhou	再
Xiang	Changsha	才至

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dié (die²)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄝˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dié
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄝˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dié
  - Wade–Giles: tieh²
  - Yale: dyé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dye
  - Palladius: де (de)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti̯ɛ³⁵/

Definitions

至

Only used in 單至／单至.

References

“至”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

至

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

climax
to reach; to arrive
to proceed
to attain
to result in

Readings

Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kun: いたり (itari, 至り)、いたる (itaru, 至る, Jōyō)

Prefix

至(し) • (shi-)

to

Proper noun

至(いたる) • (Itaru)

a male given name

Korean

Hanja

至 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

至

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Prefix

Proper noun

Korean

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character

Compounds

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia