芒
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Translingual
Han character
芒 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜女 (TYV), four-corner 44710, composition ⿱艹亡)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1018, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30682
- Dae Jaweon: page 1476, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3176, character 3
- Unihan data for U+8292
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 芒 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 忙 | *maːŋ |
| 芒 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 茫 | *maːŋ |
| 恾 | *maːŋ |
| 吂 | *maːŋ, *maːŋs |
| 汒 | *maːŋ, *maŋs |
| 朚 | *maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs |
| 邙 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 杗 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 荒 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs |
| 肓 | *hmaːŋ |
| 衁 | *hmaːŋ |
| 巟 | *hmaːŋ |
| 詤 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ |
| 慌 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ |
| 謊 | *hmaːŋʔ |
| 喪 | *smaːŋs, *smaːŋ |
| 亡 | *maŋ |
| 望 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 莣 | *maŋ |
| 朢 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 鋩 | *maŋ |
| 硭 | *maŋ |
| 忘 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 网 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 罔 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 蛧 | *maŋʔ |
| 網 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 輞 | *maŋʔ |
| 棢 | *maŋʔ |
| 惘 | *maŋʔ |
| 菵 | *maŋʔ |
| 誷 | *maŋʔ |
| 魍 | *maŋʔ |
| 妄 | *maŋs |
| 盲 | *mraːŋ |
| 蝱 | *mraːŋ |
| 虻 | *mraːŋ |
| 氓 | *mraːŋ |
| 甿 | *mraːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maːŋ, *maŋ) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ); perhaps, its original form was 方.
Etymology 1
| trad. | 芒 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 芒 | |
| alternative forms | 笀 | |
Unclear. Schuessler (2007) lists two possible comparanda:
- Proto-Kam-Sui *mpraːŋ¹ (“ear (of grain)”), which may be problematic due to inconsistent phonetic correspondence with the Middle Chinese form; and
- Burmese အမှင် (a.hmang, “stiff hair; bristles”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ma-ŋ (“beard; moustache”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): mè̤ng / mòng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): mung2 / mng2 / morng2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6maon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: máng
- Wade–Giles: mang2
- Yale: máng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mang
- Palladius: ман (man)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, colloquial variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wáng
- Wade–Giles: wang2
- Yale: wáng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wang
- Palladius: ван (van)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: mong4
- Yale: mòhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: mong4
- Guangdong Romanization: mong4
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɔːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: mong3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵐbɔŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mòng
- Hakka Romanization System: mongˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: mong2
- Sinological IPA: /moŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: mè̤ng / mòng
- Sinological IPA (key): /møyŋ⁵³/, /mouŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- mè̤ng - vernacular;
- mòng - literary.
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: mung2
- Sinological IPA (key): /muŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: mng2
- Sinological IPA (key): /mŋ̍¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: morng2
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɒŋ¹³/
- (Putian)
Note:
- mung2/mng2 - vernacular;
- morng2 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mî
- Tâi-lô: mî
- Phofsit Daibuun: mii
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /mĩ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mêe
- Tâi-lô: mêe
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /mɛ̃¹³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mê
- Tâi-lô: mê
- Phofsit Daibuun: mee
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /mẽ²³/
Note:
- bông, bâng - literary;
- mî/mêe/mê - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: mang5 / mên5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mâng / mêⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /maŋ⁵⁵/, /mẽ⁵⁵/
Note:
- mang5 - literary;
- mên5 - vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: mjang, mang
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤaŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*maːŋ/, /*maŋ/
Definitions
芒
- (～草) Miscanthus sinensis
- (～屬) Miscanthus
- awn
- edge of a knife
- ray; beam (of light)
- Alternative form of 茫 (máng, “indistinct”)
- Alternative form of 忙 (máng, “hurried”)
- (obsolete, alt. form 邙) Short for 北邙山 (Běimángshān).
- a surname
Compounds
- 不露鋒芒／不露锋芒
- 作作有芒
- 光芒 (guāngmáng)
- 光芒萬丈／光芒万丈 (guāngmángwànzhàng)
- 初露鋒芒／初露锋芒
- 北芒 (Běimáng)
- 句芒
- 如芒刺背
- 如芒在背
- 小試鋒芒／小试锋芒
- 嶄露鋒芒／崭露锋芒
- 抹芒頭／抹芒头
- 改革芒筒
- 星芒狀／星芒状
- 毫芒
- 混芒
- 篛帽芒鞋／箬帽芒鞋
- 精芒
- 背生芒刺
- 背若芒刺
- 芒來／芒来 (Mánglái)
- 芒光 (bâng-koang)
- 芒刃
- 芒刺 (mángcì)
- 芒刺在背 (mángcìzàibèi)
- 芒刺滿身／芒刺满身
- 芒寒色正
- 芒屩／芒𪨗
- 芒然 (mángrán)
- 芒然自失
- 芒硝 (mángxiāo)
- 芒神
- 芒種／芒种 (mángzhòng)
- 芒稷
- 芒筒 (mángtǒng)
- 芒芒
- 芒芒然
- 芒芒苦海
- 芒草 (mángcǎo)
- 芒角 (mángjiǎo)
- 芒角撐腸／芒角撑肠
- 芒郎
- 芒鞋 (mángxié)
- 芒頭／芒头
- 芭芒
- 鋒芒／锋芒 (fēngmáng)
- 鋒芒內斂／锋芒内敛
- 鋒芒所向／锋芒所向
- 鋒芒畢露／锋芒毕露 (fēngmángbìlù)
- 鋒芒逼人／锋芒逼人
- 鍼芒／针芒
- 露鋒芒／露锋芒
- 麥芒／麦芒 (màimáng)
Etymology 2
| trad. | 芒 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 芒 | |
| alternative forms | 杧 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): mong1
- Jin (Wiktionary): mon1
- Eastern Min (BUC): mòng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): morng2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6man; 6mon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: máng
- Wade–Giles: mang2
- Yale: máng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mang
- Palladius: ман (man)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: mong1
- Yale: mōng
- Cantonese Pinyin: mong1
- Guangdong Romanization: mong1
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɔːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: mong1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵐbɔŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: mon1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /mɒ̃¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: mòng
- Sinological IPA (key): /mouŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: morng2
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɒŋ¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bông
- Tâi-lô: bông
- Phofsit Daibuun: boong
- IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /bɔŋ²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: mang5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /maŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Kinmen)
- Wu
Definitions
芒
Compounds
Etymology 3
| trad. | 芒 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 芒 | |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Máng
- Wade–Giles: Mang2
- Yale: Máng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Mang
- Palladius: Ман (Man)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: mong4
- Yale: mòhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: mong4
- Guangdong Romanization: mong4
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɔːŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: mang
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*maːŋ/
Definitions
芒
- a surname
Etymology 4
| trad. | 芒 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 芒 | |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Máng
- Wade–Giles: Mang2
- Yale: Máng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Mang
- Palladius: Ман (Man)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: mong4
- Yale: mòhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: mong4
- Guangdong Romanization: mong4
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɔːŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
Definitions
芒
- (Chinese mythology) Mang of Xia (ninth king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty)
Etymology 5
| trad. | 芒 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 芒 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: huǎng
- Wade–Giles: huang3
- Yale: hwǎng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hoang
- Palladius: хуан (xuan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯ɑŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fong2
- Yale: fóng
- Cantonese Pinyin: fong2
- Guangdong Romanization: fong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɔːŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
芒
- Alternative form of 恍 (huǎng, “indistinct; confused”)
Compounds
References
- “芒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 , editor (2022), “芒”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 151.
Japanese
Kanji
芒
Readings
- Go-on: もう (mō)←まう (mau, historical)
- Kan-on: ぼう (bō)←ばう (bau, historical)
- On: こう (kō)←くわう (kwau, historical)
- Kun: すすき (susuki, 芒)、のぎ (nogi, 芒)、のげ (noge, 芒)
Compounds
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 芒 |
| のぎ Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 芒 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 芒, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 芒 |
| すすき Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 芒 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 芒, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Hanja
芒 • (mang) (hangeul 망, revised mang, McCune–Reischauer mang, Yale mang)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
芒: Hán Nôm readings: mang, man, mường, màng, mưng, vong
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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