蓳

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蓳 U+84F3, 蓳
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-84F3
← 蓲
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 蓴 →
蓳 U+2F9A9, 蓳
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9A9
← 蓱
 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 蔖 →

Translingual

Japanese 菫
Simplified 堇
Traditional 蓳/菫/堇

Han character

蓳 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 廿廿中一 (TTLM), four-corner 44104, composition ⿱艹堇)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1052, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31732
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3275, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+84F3

Chinese

trad. 蓳/菫/堇*
simp. 堇*
alternative forms 䒺
𦸧
𦸨
𦻋
𦻍

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 堇
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (堇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
囏 *krɯːn
螼 *kʰrɯnʔ, *kʰrɯns
堇 *ɡrɯn, *kɯnʔ
墐 *ɡrɯn, *ɡrɯns
𥎊 *ɡrɯn
僅 *ɡrɯns
瑾 *ɡrɯns
覲 *ɡrɯns
殣 *ɡrɯns
饉 *ɡrɯns
廑 *ɡrɯns
瘽 *ɡrɯns, *ɡɯn, *ɡɯnʔ
歏 *ɡrɯns
鄞 *ŋɡrɯn, *ŋɡɯn
謹 *kɯnʔ
槿 *kɯnʔ
漌 *kɯnʔ
慬 *kɯnʔ, *ɡɯn
勤 *ɡɯn
懃 *ɡɯn
懄 *ɡɯn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kɯnʔ) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 堇 (OC *ɡrɯn, *kɯnʔ).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 蓳
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 欣 (57)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居隱切
Baxter kj+nX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨnX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɨnX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɨnX/
Li
Rong 		/kiənX/
Wang
Li 		/kĭənX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki̯ənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jǐn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gan2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蓳 蓳
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jìn jìn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjɨnX › ‹ kjɨnH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kəʔ/ /*kə-s/
English (kind of vegetable) aconite

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓳
Reading # 1/1
No. 6746
Phonetic
component 		堇
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		謹
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯnʔ/

Definitions

蓳

  1. Viola verecunda, a kind of violet.

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

蓳: Hán Nôm readings: thẽnh

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