蝙蝠
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蝙蝠
Chinese
| bat | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (蝙蝠) | 蝙 | 蝠 | |
| simp. #(蝙蝠) | 蝙 | 蝠 | |
| alternative forms | 𧓧蝮 archaic | ||
Etymology
An alliterative augmentation of 蝠 (OC *pɯɡ, “bat”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *baːk (“bat”). Cognate with Mizo bâk (“bat”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bian3 fu2
- Cantonese (Jyutping): pin1 fuk1 / bin1 fuk1 / bin2 fuk1
- Gan (Wiktionary): 'bien3 fuh6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phiên-fuk
- Northern Min (KCR): bǐng-bô̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): biēng-hók
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1pi-foq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢ ㄈㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bianfú
- Wade–Giles: pien1-fu2
- Yale: byān-fú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bianfwu
- Palladius: бяньфу (bjanʹfu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ fu³⁵/
- Homophones:
蝙蝠
邊幅／边幅
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (蝙蝠兒／蝙蝠儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢ ㄈㄨˊㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bianfúr
- Wade–Giles: pien1-fu2-ʼrh
- Yale: byān-fúr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bianfwul
- Palladius: бяньфур (bjanʹfur)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ fuɻʷ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, nonstandard)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢˇ ㄈㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: biǎnfú
- Wade–Giles: pien3-fu2
- Yale: byǎn-fú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beanfwu
- Palladius: бяньфу (bjanʹfu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (蝙蝠兒／蝙蝠儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢˇ ㄈㄨˊㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: biǎnfúr
- Wade–Giles: pien3-fu2-ʼrh
- Yale: byǎn-fúr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beanfwul
- Palladius: бяньфур (bjanʹfur)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ fuɻʷ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: bian3 fu2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bianfu
- Sinological IPA (key): /piɛn⁵³ fu²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: pin1 fuk1 / bin1 fuk1 / bin2 fuk1
- Yale: pīn fūk / bīn fūk / bín fūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: pin1 fuk7 / bin1 fuk7 / bin2 fuk7
- Guangdong Romanization: pin1 fug1 / bin1 fug1 / bin2 fug1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰiːn⁵⁵ fʊk̚⁵/, /piːn⁵⁵ fʊk̚⁵/, /piːn³⁵ fʊk̚⁵/
- Homophones:
篇幅
蝙蝠
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: bin1 fuk1, bin2 fuk1 - rare.
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: 'bien3 fuh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˈpiɛn²¹³⁻¹³ fuʔ⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phiên-fuk
- Hakka Romanization System: pienˊ fugˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pian1 fug5
- Sinological IPA: /pʰi̯en²⁴ fuk̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bǐng-bô̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ²¹ pɔ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: biēng-hók
- Sinological IPA (key): /pieŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ (h-)ŋouʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Magong)
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pian-hok
- Tâi-lô: pian-hok
- Phofsit Daibuun: pienhog
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /piɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: piang1 hog4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phiang hok
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ hok̚²/
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: pen pjuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*peːn pɯɡ/
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Noun
蝙蝠
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 蝙 | 蝠 |
| こうもり | |
| Hyōgai | Hyōgai |
| jukujikun | |
/kapapori/ → /kafabori/ → /kawabori/ → /kaumori/ → /kɔːmori/ → /koːmori/
Alteration of kawahori,[1][2] or kawabori (see below).
Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 蝙蝠.
Pronunciation
Noun
蝙蝠 or 蝙蝠 • (kōmori) ←かうもり (kaumori)?
- a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
- 1999 May 25, “バット [Bat]”, in BOOSTER 2, Konami:
- 左右のハネに搭載された爆弾を落としてくるメカコウモリ。
- Sayū no hane ni tōsai sareta bakudan o otoshite kuru meka-kōmori.
- A mecha-bat that drops bombs from its two wings.
- 左右のハネに搭載された爆弾を落としてくるメカコウモリ。
- an opportunist
- Short for 蝙蝠傘 (kōmori-gasa): a Western-style umbrella
- Short for 蝙蝠羽織 (kōmori-baori): a haori with long sleeves similar to the wings of a bat
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as コウモリ.
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 蝙蝠蛾 (kōmoriga, “swift moth”, Endoclita excrescens)
- 蝙蝠楓 (kōmori kaede)
- 蝙蝠傘 (kōmori-gasa)
- 蝙蝠葛 (kōmori kazura)
- 蝙蝠羊歯 (kōmori shida)
- 蝙蝠草 (kōmorisō)
- 蝙蝠壁蝨 (kōmori dani)
- 蝙蝠の翼 (kōmori no tsubasa)
- 蝙蝠蠅 (kōmoribae)
- 蝙蝠羽織 (kōmori-baori)
- 蝙蝠半纏 (kōmori-banten)
- 油蝙蝠 (abura-kōmori), 家蝙蝠 (ie-kōmori)
- 荒蝙蝠 (arakōmori)
- 魚食蝙蝠 (uokui kōmori)
- 兎蝙蝠 (usagi-kōmori)
- 馬面蝙蝠 (umazura kōmori)
- 大蝙蝠 (ōkōmori, “megabat, flying fox”)
- 大葉蝙蝠 (ōbako umori)
- 神楽蝙蝠 (kagura kōmori)
- 蟹蝙蝠 (kani-kōmori)
- 菊頭蝙蝠 (kikugashira kōmori)
- 頸輪蝙蝠 (kubiwa kōmori)
- 黒赤蝙蝠 (kuroaka kōmori)
- 挿尾蝙蝠 (sashio kōmori)
- 皿持蝙蝠 (saramochi kōmori)
- 吸付蝙蝠 (suitsuki kōmori)
- 血吸蝙蝠 (chisui kōmori), 吸血蝙蝠 (kyūketsu kōmori, “vampire bat”)
- 秩父蝙蝠 (Chichibu kōmori)
- 天狗蝙蝠 (tengu kōmori)
- 雛蝙蝠 (hinakōmori)
- 豚鼻蝙蝠 (butabana kōmori, “Kitti's hog-nosed bat”)
- 篦蝙蝠 (hera kōmori)
- 頬髯蝙蝠 (hohohige kōmori), 頬髯蝙蝠 (hōhige kōmori, “whiskered bat”)
- マレーフルーツ蝙蝠 (Marē furūtsu kōmori)
- 溝蝙蝠 (mizo kōmori)
- 耳蝙蝠 (mimikōmori)
- 股白蝙蝠 (momojiro kōmori)
- 山蝙蝠 (yama kōmori)
- 指長蝙蝠 (yubinaga kōmori)
Proverbs
Proverbs
- 蝙蝠も鳥のうち (kōmori mo tori no uchi, “bats are also birds”)
- 鳥無き里の蝙蝠 (torinaki sato no kōmori, “in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king”, literally “bat in a birdless village”)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 蝙 | 蝠 |
| かわほり | |
| Hyōgai | Hyōgai |
| jukujikun | |
/kapapori/ → /kafafori/ → /kawahori/
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[4]
Ultimate derivation unclear, appears to be derived from a compound.
Likely from 皮, 革 (kawa, “leather, skin”) + an unknown component hori.
Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 蝙蝠.
Pronunciation
Noun
蝙蝠 • (kawahori) ←かはほり (kafafori)?
(alternative reading hiragana かわぼり, rōmaji kawabori, historical hiragana かはぼり)
- (archaic) a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
- Short for 蝙蝠扇 (kawahori-ōgi): a paper folding fan
- Short for 蝙蝠羽織 (kawahori-baori): a haori with long sleeves similar to the wings of a bat
Derived terms
Derived terms
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 蝙 | 蝠 |
| へん Hyōgai |
ふく > ぷく Hyōgai |
| on'yomi | |
From Middle Chinese 蝙蝠 (MC pen pjuwk).
Pronunciation
Noun
- a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ “蝙蝠”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 蝙 | 蝠 |
Noun
Okinawan
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 蝙 | 蝠 |
| Hyōgai | Hyōgai |
Etymology
Cognate with Japanese 蝙蝠 (kōmori).
Noun
蝙蝠 (kābuyā)
- a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)