蝙蝠

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Chinese

bat
trad. (蝙蝠)
simp. #(蝙蝠)
alternative forms 𧓧蝮 archaic
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Etymology

An alliterative augmentation of (OC *pɯɡ, “bat”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *baːk (bat). Cognate with Mizo bâk (bat).

Pronunciation


Note: bin1 fuk1, bin2 fuk1 - rare.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (1) (1)
Final () (85) (4)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () IV III
Fanqie
Baxter pen pjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pen/ /pɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/pen/ /piuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/pɛn/ /piuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pɛn/ /puwk̚/
Li
Rong
/pen/ /piuk̚/
Wang
Li
/pien/ /pĭuk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/pien/ /pi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
biān fu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bin1 fuk1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ pjuwk ›
Old
Chinese
/*ək/
English bat (Sagart, 2017)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 725 3398
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*peːn/ /*pɯɡ/
蝙蝠

Noun

蝙蝠

  1. bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera) (Classifier: m c mn)

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (蝙蝠):
  • Japanese: 蝙蝠(へんぷく) (henpuku)
  • Korean: 편복(蝙蝠) (pyeonbok)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Kanji in this term
こうもり
Hyōgai Hyōgai
jukujikun

/kapapori//kafabori//kawabori//kaumori//kɔːmori//koːmori/

Alteration of kawahori,[1][2] or kawabori (see below).

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 蝙蝠.

Pronunciation

Noun

蝙蝠(こうもり) or 蝙蝠(コウモリ) (kōmoriかうもり (kaumori)?

  1. a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
    Synonyms: 蚊食い鳥 (kakuidori), 天鼠 (tenso), バット (batto), 飛鼠 (hiso)
    • 1999 May 25, “バット [Bat]”, in BOOSTER 2, Konami:
      ()(ゆう)のハネに(とう)(さい)された(ばく)(だん)()としてくるメカコウモリ
      Sayū no hane ni tōsai sareta bakudan o otoshite kuru meka-kōmori.
      A mecha-bat that drops bombs from its two wings.
  2. an opportunist
  3. Short for 蝙蝠傘 (kōmori-gasa): a Western-style umbrella
  4. Short for 蝙蝠羽織 (kōmori-baori): a haori with long sleeves similar to the wings of a bat
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as コウモリ.

Derived terms
Proverbs

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
かわほり
Hyōgai Hyōgai
jukujikun

/kapapori//kafafori//kawahori/

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[4]

Ultimate derivation unclear, appears to be derived from a compound.

Likely from , (kawa, leather, skin) + an unknown component hori.

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 蝙蝠.

Pronunciation

Noun

蝙蝠(かわほり) (kawahoriかはほり (kafafori)?
(alternative reading hiragana かわぼり, rōmaji kawabori, historical hiragana かはぼり)

  1. (archaic) a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
  2. Short for 蝙蝠扇 (kawahori-ōgi): a paper folding fan
  3. Short for 蝙蝠羽織 (kawahori-baori): a haori with long sleeves similar to the wings of a bat
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
へん
Hyōgai
ふく > ぷく
Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 蝙蝠 (MC pen pjuwk).

Pronunciation

Noun

(へん)(ぷく) (henpuku

  1. a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. ^ 蝙蝠”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

Korean

Hanja in this term

Noun

蝙蝠 (pyeonbok) (hangeul 편복)

  1. hanja form? of 편복 (bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera))

Okinawan

Kanji in this term
Hyōgai Hyōgai

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 蝙蝠 (kōmori).

Noun

蝙蝠(かーぶやー) (kābuyā

  1. a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)