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U+87F9, 蟹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-87F9

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 142, +13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 弓手中一戈 (NQLMI), four-corner 27136, composition )

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1098, character 49
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33668
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1563, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2898, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+87F9

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

𩼠
informal (especially Cantonese)
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • (Classical)
  • (Cantonese)
  • (Written Standard Chinese?)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡreːʔ) : phonetic (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs) + semantic . Originally written as .

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-k(j)aːj (crab). Compare S'gaw Karen ဆွဲၣ် (hsweh̀).

“to decrease in value’
From 蟹貨蟹货. See there for more.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • hai3 - vernacular;
  • xiai4 - literary.
Note:
  • hōe/hǒe/hē - vernacular;
  • hāi/hǎi - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (33)
Final () (31)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter heaX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠɛX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦᵚæX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣæiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦaɨjX/
Li
Rong
/ɣɛX/
Wang
Li
/ɣaiX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣaiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xià
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
haai6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiè
Middle
Chinese
‹ X ›
Old
Chinese
/*m-kˁreʔ/
English crab

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 6482
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡreːʔ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. crab (Classifier: c)
  2. (Cantonese, slang, of stocks, goods, etc.) to decrease in value, such that selling it will result in loss

Synonyms

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: (ge)
  • Kan-on: かい (kai)
  • Kun: かに (kani, )

Etymology 1

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
(kani, gane): a crab.
Kanji in this term
かに
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese; attested in the Kojiki of 712;[1][2] in turn, reconstructed from Proto-Japonic *kani. Further etymology unknown, although some sources claim that the final syllable ni is related to (ni, red clay).[1]

Many dialects also have a initial voiced consonant in the first syllable.[1]

Pronunciation

  • Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent
※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌).
※ References: [1]

Noun

(かに) or (カニ) (kani

  1. a crab (infraorder Brachyura)
  2. the act of walking stretched and sideways, like a crab
  3. the act of a prostitute who secretly meets with her lover
  4. (slang, criminal, stall keeper) scissors
  5. (colloquial) a handjob (stimulating the penis using a hand); a pussy (vulva); a prostitute
  6. Synonym of 蟹糞 (kanikuso, meconium)
  7. a swell of an infant with water and pus
    Synonym: 水瘡 (mizugasa)
  8. a 家紋 (kamon, family crest) containing crabs, a front-facing crab in a circle, and square crabs
  9. a head in 人形浄瑠璃 (ningyōjōruri) whose face is stretched out like a crab; two is used for honest men and another for minor characters
  10. a style used in 生け花 (ikebana) whose metallic part looks like a crab
  11. a term used to mock Western women who are bow-legged
Usage notes
  • As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カニ.

Etymology 2

Variant of (kani). This reading is also used in some Japanese dialects.

Noun

(がね) (gane

  1. (obsolete in standard Japanese) Synonym of (kani, crab)

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 かに 【蟹】Paid subscription required”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
  2. ^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 204
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Kikai

Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese (kani, crab).

Possibly cognate with Korean (ge, crab); compare Jeju 깅이 (ging'i, crab).

Noun

(がにー) (ganī

  1. crab

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun (ge hae))

  1. crab

Miyako

Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese (kani, crab).

Possibly cognate with Korean (ge, crab); compare Jeju 깅이 (ging'i, crab).

Noun

(かん) (kan

  1. crab

Okinawan

Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese (かに) (kani). Possibly cognate with Korean (ge, crab); compare Jeju 깅이 (ging'i, crab).

Noun

(がに) (gani

  1. crab

Okinoerabu

Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese (kani, crab).

Possibly cognate with Korean (ge, crab); compare Jeju 깅이 (ging'i, crab).

Noun

(がに) (gani

  1. crab

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: giải

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yoron

Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese (kani, crab).

Possibly cognate with Korean (ge, crab);

Noun

(がん) (gan

  1. crab