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See also: 𠂢, and
U+8863, 衣
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8863

CJK Unified Ideographs
U+2F90, ⾐
KANGXI RADICAL CLOTHES

Kangxi Radicals
衣 U+2F9C4, 衣
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9C4
衠
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𧙧

Translingual

Stroke order
6 strokes
Stroke order

Alternative forms

  • 𧘇 (when used as a bottom radical)
  • (when used as a left radical)

Han character

(Kangxi radical 145, +0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 卜竹女 (YHV), four-corner 00732, composition 𧘇)

  1. Kangxi radical #145, .

Descendants

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1111, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34091
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1575, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3074, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8863

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) Outline of the chest, upper clothing. Compare to the upper part of .

This pictogram 衣 can be split into two parts and hold another component (e.g., , , , , and 𧝑 as used in > ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *w(y)a-t ~ wit (to wear; to clothe).

Pronunciation 2 ("to wear") is the exoactive form of pronunciation 1 ("garment; clothes").

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • i - literary;
  • ui - vernacular (only in the sense “placenta”).
Note:
  • i1 - literary;
  • ui1 - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /i⁵⁵/
Harbin /i⁴⁴/
Tianjin /i²¹/
Jinan /i²¹³/
Qingdao /i²¹³/
Zhengzhou /i²⁴/
Xi'an /i²¹/
Xining /ji⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /i⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /i³¹/
Ürümqi /i⁴⁴/
Wuhan /i⁵⁵/
Chengdu /i⁵⁵/
Guiyang /i⁵⁵/
Kunming /i⁴⁴/
Nanjing /i³¹/
Hefei /zz̩²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /i¹¹/
Pingyao /i¹³/
Hohhot /i³¹/
Wu Shanghai /i⁵³/
Suzhou /i⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔi³³/
Wenzhou /i³³/
Hui Shexian /i³¹/
Tunxi /i¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /i³³/
Xiangtan /i³³/
Gan Nanchang /i⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /i⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /ʒï²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ji⁵³/
Nanning /ji⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /ji⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /i⁵⁵/
/ui⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /i⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /i⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /i³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /i²³/
/ta²³/ 訓衫

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (34)
Final () (20)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter 'j+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔɨi/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔɨi/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔiəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔɨj/
Li
Rong
/ʔiəi/
Wang
Li
/ĭəi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔe̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ji1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔjɨj ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔ(r)əj/
English clothes

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 14837
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qɯl/

Definitions

  1. (upper) garment; clothes; clothing (Classifier: )
      ―    ―  clothes
      ―  nèi  ―  underwear
      ―  shuì  ―  night clothes; pajamas
  2. coating; covering; skin
      ―  táng  ―  sugar coating
      ―  qiāng  ―  gun cover
  3. membrane; film
  4. (literary or dialectal) afterbirth; placenta
  5. a surname
Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (34)
Final () (20)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter 'j+jH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔɨiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔɨiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔiəiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔɨjH/
Li
Rong
/ʔiəiH/
Wang
Li
/ĭəiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔe̯iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ji3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔjɨjH ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔ(r)əj-s/
English wear (v.t.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 14841
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qɯls/

Definitions

  1. (literary) to dress; to wear; to put on clothes
    錦還鄉锦还乡  ―  jǐnhuánxiāng  ―  to return home in glory
  2. to cover; to place something over; to wrap up; to bind up
  3. Original form of (, “to rely on”).

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. clothing

Readings

  • Go-on: (e)
  • Kan-on: (i, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ころも (koromo, , Jōyō)きぬ (kinu, ) (gi, ) (so, )

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
ころも
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Kojiki completed in 712 CE.

Ultimate derivation unclear. May be a compound of ころ (koro, uncertain meaning, possibly “wrapping”, cognate with (koro, roller; rolling)) +‎ (mo, lower robe).

Pronunciation

Noun

(ころも) (koromo

  1. (archaic) clothes, clothing
    Synonyms: (fuku), 衣服 (ifuku)
  2. a robe (as worn by a monk, nun, or priest)
    Synonyms: (non-clerical) 着物 (kimono), (clerical) 法衣 (hōi), (clerical) 僧衣 (sōi)
  3. a coating on an item of food, such as batter or icing
    Synonym: 外皮 (gaihi)
  4. the outer shell or carapace of an insect or other arthropod
    Synonym: 外皮 (gaihi)
  5. the hide or feathers of a small animal
    Synonym: 外皮 (gaihi)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
きぬ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Likely cognate with (kinu, silk).[3] Alternatively, may also be a compound of (ki, wearing, the (れん)(よう)(けい) (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of the verb 着る kiru, “to wear”) +‎ (nu, cloth, shortened from normal reading nuno).[3]

Pronunciation

Noun

(きぬ) (kinu

  1. clothes, clothing (particularly clothing worn on the top half of the body)
  2. an overrobe
  3. the skin, hide, or shell of an animal; the bark, rind, or skin of a plant
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
kun'yomi

The rendaku form of (ki), the (れん)(よう)(けい) (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of the verb 着る (kiru, “to wear”).[3][4]

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Suffix

() (-gi

  1. clothes, clothing
Usage notes

Only found as the latter element in compounds. More commonly spelled .

Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
kan'on

From Middle Chinese (MC 'j+j, “clothes, clothing”).

The kan'on reading, so likely a more recent borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

() (i

  1. clothes, clothing

Affix

() (i

  1. clothes, clothing
  2. garb, robe (as worn by a monk, nun, or priest)
Derived terms

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC 'j+j, “clothes, clothing”).

The goon reading, so likely the older borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

() (e

  1. clothes, clothing
Usage notes

Not used in isolation. Only encountered in compounds.

Derived terms

Etymology 6

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
kun'yomi

⟨so2/so/

From Old Japanese. Ultimate derivation unknown.

Pronunciation

Noun

() (so

  1. (obsolete) clothes, clothing
Usage notes

Only found in compounds.

Derived terms

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (ot ui))

  1. hanja form? of (clothes, clothing)

Okinawan

Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese (kinu).[1][2] Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as ちん.[3]

Noun

(ちん) (chin

  1. clothing, clothes
  2. kimono

References

  1. ^ Katrien Hendrickx, The Origins of Banana-fibre Cloth in the Ryukyus, Japan, Leuven University Press: 2007, p 110
  2. ^ http://www.haisai.co.jp/kantanuchinaaguchi.htm
  3. ^ Nakamoto, Masayo (中本政世) (1896) 沖縄語典, Hikone (彦根市): Eishōdō (永昌堂), →DOI, page 31

Old Korean

Particle

(*-uy)

  1. genitive case marker

Descendants

  • Middle Korean: 의〮 (-úy)
    • Korean: (-ui)
    • Jeju: (-ui)

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: y, ấy, diệu

  1. chữ Hán form of y ((only in compounds) clothes).

Compounds