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See also:
U+89F8, 觸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-89F8

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Japanese
Simplified
Traditional

Han character

(Kangxi radical 148, +13, 20 strokes, cangjie input 弓月田中戈 (NBWLI), four-corner 26227, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1145, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35181
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1611, character 30
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3933, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+89F8

Chinese

trad.
simp. *
alternative forms 𧢻

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰjoɡ) : semantic + phonetic (OC *djoɡ).

Etymology

Compare Tibetan གཏུག (gtug, to meet; to touch) (Hill, 2019). An older theory by STEDT compares the word with Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/r-tuk (to cut, knock, pound), and compares the first two syllables of Burmese တောက်တောက်ကြော် (tauktaukkrau, fried minced meat), as well as a wide range of Sinitic words:

  • (OC *tuːʔ, “to beat, pound rice”)
  • (OC *to, *djo, “to cut off, die”)
  • (OC *tjuɡs, *tjuɡ, “to cut off, pray”)
  • , (OC *tjaɡ, “to chop, carve, chisel, break open”)
  • (“to beat, strike”)
  • (OC *rtoːɡ, *toːɡ, “to peck”)
  • (OC *rtoːɡ, “to castrate”)
  • (OC *to, “to reprove, punish, kill”)
  • (OC *tu, *tus, *tos, *tjo, “beak; to peck”)
  • (OC *toɡ, “to cut, cut out”)

The internet slang sense is a phonetic borrowing from English true.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • chhiok - literary;
  • tak - vernacular (俗) (“to butt; to argue; to come into contact with a hard object; to take a bit of notes”).

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡sʰu⁵³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/
Xi'an /p͡fu²⁴/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂv̩²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂu¹³/
Lanzhou /p͡fu¹³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sʰəu²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡su³¹/
/t͡sʰu⁵³/
Guiyang /t͡su²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂu³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰuʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂuəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡suəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡suʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡suəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰoʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰoʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰoʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰuʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰio⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰəu²⁴/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰuʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰuk̚¹/
Taoyuan /ʃuk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰok̚⁵/
/t͡sok̚⁵/
Nanning /t͡sʰuk̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡suk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰouʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰu²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰok̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /sok̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (24)
Final () (8)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyhowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰɨok̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰiok̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰiok̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰuawk̚/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰiok̚/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭwok̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰi̯wok̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
cuk1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chù
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhowk ›
Old
Chinese
/*tʰok/
English knock against

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 11838
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tʰjoɡ/

Definitions

  1. to touch; to come in contact with
  2. to butt; to ram; to gore (as with animal horns)
  3. to affront; to offend; to violate
  4. to stir up; to invoke; to cause (feelings, etc.)
  5. (Hokkien) to argue; to have a row; to come to blows; to scuffle
  6. (Hokkien) to come into contact with a hard object (stone, horns, etc.)
  7. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) to take a bit of notes (with a pen or pencil)
  8. a surname
  9. (Taiwan, Internet slang) true (interjection of approval)

Compounds

Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. to touch; to contact

Readings

  • Go-on: そく (soku)
  • Kan-on: しょく (shoku)
  • Kun: ふれる (fureru, 觸れる)さわる (sawaru, 觸る)ふれ (fure)

Korean

Hanja

(chok) (hangeul , revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok)

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