謹慎

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See also: 谨慎 and 謹愼

Chinese

cautious cautious
trad. (謹慎) 謹 慎
simp. (谨慎) 谨 慎

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 謹 慎
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 欣 (57) 真 (43)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 居隱切 時刃切
Baxter kj+nX dzyinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨnX/ /d͡ʑiɪnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɨnX/ /d͡ʑinH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiənX/ /d͡ʑjenH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɨnX/ /d͡ʑinH/
Li
Rong 		/kiənX/ /ʑiĕnH/
Wang
Li 		/kĭənX/ /ʑĭĕnH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ki̯ənX/ /ʑi̯ĕnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jǐn shèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gan2 san6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 謹 慎
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jǐn shèn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kj+nX › ‹ dzyinH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kəʔ/ /*i-s/
English attentive, careful careful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 謹 慎
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 6744 17082
Phonetic
component 		堇 眞
Rime
group 		文 眞
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		謹 愼
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯnʔ/ /*djins/

Adjective

謹慎

  1. cautious; careful; prudent; circumspect; wary

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (謹慎):

See also

Japanese

Kanji in this term
謹 慎
きん
Grade: S 		しん
Grade: S
kan'on
Alternative spelling
謹愼 (kyūjitai)
 謹慎 on Japanese Wikipedia

Pronunciation

Noun

謹(きん)慎(しん) • (kinshin) 

  1. self restraint
    謹(きん)慎(しん)処(しょ)分(ぶん)を食(く)らう
    kinshin shobun o kurau
    to get suspended (from work or school)
  2. moderating one's behaviour
  3. penitence
  4. discipline

Derived terms

Adjective

謹(きん)慎(しん) • (kinshin) -na (adnominal 謹(きん)慎(しん)な (kinshin na), adverbial 謹(きん)慎(しん)に (kinshin ni))

  1. prudent; disciplined

Inflection

Inflection of 謹慎
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 謹慎だろ きんしんだろ kinshin daro
Continuative (連用形) 謹慎で きんしんで kinshin de
Terminal (終止形) 謹慎だ きんしんだ kinshin da
Attributive (連体形) 謹慎な きんしんな kinshin na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 謹慎なら きんしんなら kinshin nara
Imperative (命令形) 謹慎であれ きんしんであれ kinshin de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 謹慎ではない
謹慎じゃない 		きんしんではない
きんしんじゃない 		kinshin de wa nai
kinshin ja nai
Informal past 謹慎だった きんしんだった kinshin datta
Informal negative past 謹慎ではなかった
謹慎じゃなかった 		きんしんではなかった
きんしんじゃなかった 		kinshin de wa nakatta
kinshin ja nakatta
Formal 謹慎です きんしんです kinshin desu
Formal negative 謹慎ではありません
謹慎じゃありません 		きんしんではありません
きんしんじゃありません 		kinshin de wa arimasen
kinshin ja arimasen
Formal past 謹慎でした きんしんでした kinshin deshita
Formal negative past 謹慎ではありませんでした
謹慎じゃありませんでした 		きんしんではありませんでした
きんしんじゃありませんでした 		kinshin de wa arimasen deshita
kinshin ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 謹慎で きんしんで kinshin de
Conditional 謹慎なら（ば） きんしんなら（ば） kinshin nara (ba)
Provisional 謹慎だったら きんしんだったら kinshin dattara
Volitional 謹慎だろう きんしんだろう kinshin darō
Adverbial 謹慎に きんしんに kinshin ni
Degree 謹慎さ きんしんさ kinshinsa

Verb

謹(きん)慎(しん)する • (kinshin suru) intransitive suru (stem 謹(きん)慎(しん)し (kinshin shi), past 謹(きん)慎(しん)した (kinshin shita))

  1. to behave; to be on one's best behavior
  2. to have self restraint
  3. to be penitent

Conjugation

Conjugation of "謹慎する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 謹慎し きんしんし kinshin shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 謹慎し きんしんし kinshin shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 謹慎する きんしんする kinshin suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 謹慎する きんしんする kinshin suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 謹慎すれ きんしんすれ kinshin sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 謹慎せよ¹
謹慎しろ² 		きんしんせよ¹
きんしんしろ² 		kinshin seyo¹
kinshin shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 謹慎される きんしんされる kinshin sareru
Causative 謹慎させる
謹慎さす 		きんしんさせる
きんしんさす 		kinshin saseru
kinshin sasu
Potential 謹慎できる きんしんできる kinshin dekiru
Volitional 謹慎しよう きんしんしよう kinshin shiyō
Negative 謹慎しない きんしんしない kinshin shinai
Negative continuative 謹慎せず きんしんせず kinshin sezu
Formal 謹慎します きんしんします kinshin shimasu
Perfective 謹慎した きんしんした kinshin shita
Conjunctive 謹慎して きんしんして kinshin shite
Hypothetical conditional 謹慎すれば きんしんすれば kinshin sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
謹慎

Adjective

謹慎

  1. chữ Hán form of cẩn thận (“careful; cautious”).
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