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in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
豚 (Kangxi radical 152, 豕 +4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月一尸人 (BMSO ), four-corner 71232 , composition ⿰月 豕 )
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 1194 , character 23
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36352
Dae Jaweon: page 1657, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3611, character 8
Unihan data for U+8C5A
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
豚
*duːn
遯
*duːnʔ, *duːns
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意 ) : 肉 ( “ meat ” ) + 豕 ( “ pig ” ) .
Etymology 1
Probably related to 彖 (OC *l̥ʰoːns , “running pig”) and 貒 (OC *tʰoːn , “hog badger”) (Schuessler, 2007 ).
Outside of Chinese, it is probably related to Proto-Mien *duŋᴮ ( “ pig ” ) (Sagart, 1999 ; Schuessler, 2007 ; Ratliff, 2010 ).
Vovin speculates a link to Common Turkic *toŋuz ( “ pig ” ) and Middle Korean 돝 ( twòth , “ pig ” ) (Vovin, 2011 ).
Pronunciation
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
豚
Reading #
2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
tún
Middle Chinese
‹ dwon ›
Old Chinese
/*lˁu/
English
young pig
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
豚
Reading #
1/1
No.
12582
Phonetic component
豚
Rime group
文
Rime subdivision
2
Corresponding MC rime
屯
Old Chinese
/*duːn/
豚
Definitions
豚
piglet ; suckling pig
( by extension ) pig
( Internet slang , derogatory ) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
a surname
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
小豬 (“piglet”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
豚 , 豯
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
小豬
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
小豬兒
Taiwan
小豬
Singapore
小豬
Jilu Mandarin
Jinan
小豬 , 小豬兒 , 豬崽兒 , 豬崽子
Jiaoliao Mandarin
Yantai (Muping)
小豬兒
Central Plains Mandarin
Luoyang
豬崽子
Wanrong
豬娃
Xi'an
豬娃兒 , 豬娃子
Xining
尕豬娃兒
Xuzhou
豬秧子
Lanyin Mandarin
Yinchuan
豬娃子
Lanzhou
豬娃子
Ürümqi
豬娃子
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
豬崽崽 , 豬兒子 , 小豬兒
Wuhan
豬娃 , 小豬娃 , 小豬
Guiyang
小豬崽 , 小豬兒
Liuzhou
豬崽
Jianghuai Mandarin
Nanjing
豬秧子 , 豬秧
Yangzhou
豬秧子
Huanggang
奶豬兒
Cantonese
Guangzhou
豬仔
Hong Kong
豬仔
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)
豬仔
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
豬仔
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
豬仔
Taishan
豬仔
Dongguan
豬仔
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
豬仔
Singapore (Guangfu)
豬仔
Gan
Nanchang
豬崽子
Lichuan
豬崽兒
Pingxiang
豬崽仔
Hakka
Meixian
乳豬
Yudu
豬子
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
豬子
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
細豬仔 , 豬子
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
豬子 , 乳豬仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
豬子 , 細豬子
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
豬子
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
豬幺
Hong Kong
豬仔
Senai (Huiyang)
豬仔
Huizhou
Jixi
細豬
Jin
Taiyuan
豬娃子
Xinzhou
豬娃子 , 小豬子
Northern Min
Jian'ou
豨仔
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
豬囝
Fuzhou (Changle)
豬囝
Fuqing
豬囝
Yongtai
豬囝
Gutian
豬囝
Fu'an
豬囝
Ningde
豬囝
Shouning
豬囝
Zhouning
豬囝
Fuding
豬囝
Southern Min
Xiamen
豬仔囝 , 豬豚仔
Quanzhou
豬仔
Yongchun
豬囝
Zhangzhou
豬仔囝 , 豬仔嬰 , 豬豚仔
Kaohsiung
豬仔囝
Yilan
豬仔囝
Changhua (Lukang)
豬仔囝
Taichung
豬仔囝
Taichung (Wuqi)
豬仔囝
Tainan
豬仔囝
Taitung
豬仔囝
Hsinchu
豬仔囝
Penghu (Magong)
豬仔囝
Penang (Hokkien)
豬囝
Singapore (Hokkien)
豬囝
Manila (Hokkien)
豬仔
Shantou
豬囝
Haifeng
豬仔
Bangkok (Teochew)
豬囝
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
豬囝
Leizhou
豬囝
Haikou
豬囝
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
豬崽
Wu
Shanghai
小豬玀
Shanghai (Chongming)
小豬農
Suzhou
小豬
Danyang
小豬
Hangzhou
小肉豬
Ningbo
小豬
Wenzhou
豬兒
Jinhua
小豬
Xiang
Changsha
豬崽子
Loudi
豬崽唧
Dialectal synonyms of
豬 (“pig; swine”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
豕 , 彘 , 豬 , 豨 , 豚 , 㣇
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
豬
Taxonomic name
豬
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
豬
Taiwan
豬
Chifeng
豬
Hulunbuir (Hailar)
豬
Harbin
豬
Shenyang
豬
Malaysia
豬
Singapore
豬
Jilu Mandarin
Tianjin
豬
Tangshan
豬
Cangzhou
豬
Baoding
豬
Shijiazhuang
豬
Jinan
豬 , 黑貓子 Hui , 黑牲口 Hui
Jiaoliao Mandarin
Yantai (Muping)
豬子
Qingdao
豬
Central Plains Mandarin
Luoyang
豬
Wanrong
豬
Zhengzhou
豬
Xi'an
豬 , 嘮嘮
Xining
豬
Xuzhou
豬 , 玀玀
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
黑黑 , 哼孜兒 , 豬
Lanyin Mandarin
Yinchuan
豬 , 黑子 Hui , 哼哼 Hui , 恨賊勒 Hui
Lanzhou
豬
Ürümqi
豬佬佬
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
豬
Chongqing
豬
Wuhan
豬
Guiyang
豬
Kunming
豬
Guilin
豬
Liuzhou
豬
Jianghuai Mandarin
Nanjing
豬
Yangzhou
豬
Nantong
豬
Hefei
豬
Cantonese
Guangzhou
豬
Hong Kong
豬
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)
豬
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)
豬
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
豬
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
豬
Macau
豬
Guangzhou (Panyu)
豬
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
豬
Guangzhou (Conghua)
豬
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
豬
Foshan
豬
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
豬
Foshan (Shunde)
豬
Foshan (Sanshui)
豬
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
豬
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
豬
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
豬
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
豬
Zhuhai (Doumen)
豬
Jiangmen (Baisha)
豬
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
豬
Taishan
豬
Kaiping (Chikan)
豬
Enping (Niujiang)
豬
Heshan (Yayao)
豬
Dongguan
豬
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
豬
Yangjiang
豬
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
豬
Penang (Guangfu)
豬
Singapore (Guangfu)
豬
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
豬 , 㺧
Móng Cái
豬 , 𤞼
Gan
Nanchang
豬
Lichuan
豬
Pingxiang
豬
Hakka
Meixian
豬
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)
豬
Dongguan (Qingxi)
豬
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
豬
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
豬
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
豬
Changting
豬 , 長嘴筒 argot
Yudu
豬
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
豬仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
豬仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
豬仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
豬
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
豬仔
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
豬
Hong Kong
豬
Sabah (Longchuan)
豬
Senai (Huiyang)
豬
Huizhou
Jixi
豬
Shexian
豬
Shitai (Xianyu)
豬
Jin
Taiyuan
豬 , 豬兒
Pingyao
豬兒
Xinzhou
豬
Linhe
豬
Jining
豬
Hohhot
豬
Zhangjiakou
豬
Handan
豬
Northern Min
Jian'ou
豨
Jian'ou (Dikou)
豨
Songxi
豨
Zhenghe
豨
Zhenghe (Zhenqian)
豨
Jianyang
豨
Jianyang (Huangkeng)
豨
Wuyishan
豨
Pucheng (Shibei)
豨
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
豬
Fuzhou (Changle)
豬
Lianjiang
豬
Fuqing
豬
Pingtan
豬
Yongtai
豬
Minqing
豬
Gutian
豬
Pingnan
豬
Luoyuan
豬
Fu'an
豬
Ningde
豬
Xiapu
豬
Zherong
豬
Shouning
豬
Zhouning
豬
Fuding
豬
Matsu
豬
Southern Min
Xiamen
豬 , 豬仔
Xiamen (Tong'an)
豬
Quanzhou
豬
Jinjiang
豬
Nan'an
豬
Shishi
豬
Hui'an
豬
Anxi
豬
Yongchun
豬
Dehua
豬
Zhangzhou
豬 , 豬仔
Zhangzhou (Longhai)
豬
Zhangzhou (Changtai)
豬
Hua'an
豬
Nanjing
豬
Pinghe
豬
Zhangpu
豬
Yunxiao
豬
Zhao'an
豬
Dongshan
豬
Yilan
豬
Tainan
豬仔
Kinmen
豬
Penang (Hokkien)
豬
Singapore (Hokkien)
豬
Manila (Hokkien)
豬
Medan (Hokkien)
豬
Longyan
豬
Zhangping
豬
Zhangping (Yongfu)
豬
Datian
豨
Chaozhou
豬 , 老豬
Shantou
豬
Jieyang
豬 , 猧
Haifeng
豬
Bangkok (Teochew)
豬
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
豬
Singapore (Teochew)
豬
Leizhou
豬
Wenchang
豬
Haikou
豬
Singapore (Hainanese)
豬
Puxian Min
Putian
豬
Central Min
Yong'an
豨
Sanming (Sanyuan)
豨
Sanming (Shaxian)
豨
Zhongshan Min
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
豬
Zhongshan (Sanxiang)
豬
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
豬
Shehua
Fu'an
豬
Fuding
豬
Luoyuan
豬
Sanming
豬
Shunchang
豬
Hua'an
豬
Guixi (Zhangping)
豬
Cangnan
豬
Jingning (Hexi)
豬
Lishui
豬
Longyou
豬
Chaozhou
豬
Fengshun
豬
Wu
Shanghai
豬玀 , 玀玀 childish , 豬玀玀 childish
Shanghai (Chongming)
豬農
Suzhou
豬 , 豬玀 , 豬玀玀 , 玀玀
Danyang
玀玀 childish
Hangzhou
豬玀
Ningbo
豬玀 , 嘵豬 , 泥豬 , 愚豬
Wenzhou
豬
Jinhua
豬
Xiang
Changsha
豬 , 寶樓
Loudi
豬
Shuangfeng
豬
Compounds
Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 豚 – see 䐁 (“vulva ”). (This character is a variant form of 䐁 ).
Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 豚 – see 墩 (“mound ”). (This character is an obsolete form of 墩 ).
Japanese
Kanji
豚
(Jōyō kanji )
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
猪( いの ) 豚( ぶた ) ( inobuta , “ wild boar -pig hybrid ” )
海豚( いるか ) ( iruka , “ dolphin ” )
黒( くろ ) 豚( ぶた ) ( kurobuta , “ Berkshire pig ” )
酢( す ) 豚( ぶた ) ( subuta , “ sweet-and-sour pork ” )
土( つち ) 豚( ぶた ) ( tsuchibuta , “ aardvark ” )
豚( とん ) カツ ( tonkatsu , “ tonkatsu ” )
豚( とん ) 血( けつ ) 下( した ) 地( じ ) ( tonketsushitaji )
豚( とん ) 犬( けん ) ( tonken , “ pig and dog ; fool ; my child” )
豚( とん ) 骨( こつ ) ( tonkotsu , “ tonkotsu ” )
豚( とん ) コレラ ( tonkorera ) : hog cholera
豚( とん ) 脂( し ) ( tonshi , “ lard ” )
豚( とん ) 児( じ ) ( tonji , “ piglet ; my child” )
豚( とん ) 舎( しゃ ) ( tonsha , “ pigsty ( enclosure where pigs are kept ) ” )
豚( とん ) 汁( じる ) ( tonjiru ) , 豚( ぶた ) 汁( じる ) ( butajiru , “ pork miso soup ” )
豚( とん ) 足( そく ) ( tonsoku , “ pig's trotters ” )
河豚( ふぐ ) ( fugu ) , 河( か ) 豚( とん ) ( katon ) : blowfish
豚( ぶた ) 尾( お ) 猿( ざる ) ( butaozaru , “ southern pig-tailed macaque ” )
豚( ぶた ) 草( くさ ) ( butakusa , “ common ragweed ” )
豚( ぶた ) 小( ご ) 屋( や ) ( butagoya , “ pigsty ( enclosure where pigs are kept ) ; pigsty ( dirty or very untidy place ) ” )
豚( ぶた ) しゃぶ ( butashabu )
豚( ぶた ) 肉( にく ) ( butaniku ) , 豚( とん ) 肉( にく ) ( tonniku , “ pork ” )
豚( ぶた ) に真( しん ) 珠( じゅ ) ( buta ni shinju , “ pearls before swine ” )
豚( ぶた ) の饅( まん ) 頭( じゅう ) ( buta no manjū , “ cyclamen ” )
豚( ぶた ) 箱( ばこ ) ( butabako , “ police cell ” )
豚( ぶた ) 鼻( ばな ) 蝙蝠( こうもり ) ( butabanakōmori , “ Kitti's hog-nosed bat ” )
豚( ぶた ) 饅( まん ) ( butaman , “ nikuman ” )
豚( ぶた ) もおだてりゃ木( き ) に登( ぼ ) る ( buta mo odaterya ki ni boru )
ミニ豚( ぶた ) ( minibuta , “ minipig ” )
焼( や ) き豚( ぶた ) ( yakibuta , “ char siu , a style of barbecue pork wherein the meat is trussed , marinated , skewered , and then roasted ” )
養豚( ようとん ) ( yōton , “ porciculture ” )
豚( ぶた ) 丼( どん ) ( butadon ) : pork donburi
Etymology
First attested in the mid-Muromachi period , some time in the late 1480s.[ 1]
Derivation ultimately unknown.
Some sources list possible theories:[ 2] [ 3] [ 4]
A shift from 太 ( futo , “ fatty (fat individual), fatness ” )
The vowel shift and voicing required to go from futo to buta seem problematic, considering Japanese sound shift patterns.
Cognate with Okinawan ぶたさん ( butasan , “ fat ” ) .
An onomatopoeia from the sound the animal makes, realized in Japanese as ブー ( bū )
The final -ta remains unexplained.
Some combination of the two above
A shift from 猪太 ( ibuto , literally “ swine + fatty ” )
Attestable online, but not found in Japanese etymological resources. Difficult to judge provenance or timing.
A borrowing from Korean or Mongolian
Neither Korean 돼지 (dwaeji , “pig”) nor Mongolian гахай ( gaxaj , “ pig ” ) show any phonological resemblance to buta , ruling out these possibilities.
The word butakal appears in several languages of the Philippines with a sense of boar ( male pig ) , suggesting a possible source. However, any connection with an Austronesian language is only speculation.
The kanji is from Chinese 豚 ( tún , “ suckling pig ” ) . Compare Japanese 猪 ( inoshishi , “ boar ” ) from Chinese 猪 ( zhū , “ pig ” ) and Japanese 猿 ( saru , “ monkey ” ) from Chinese 猿 ( yuán , “ ape ” ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
豚( ぶた ) or 豚( ブタ ) • (buta )
pig ; swine
( derogatory ) a fat person, an unattractive woman
pork ( the meat )
a wild boar
Synonym: 猪 ( i, inoshishi )
a hand of cards worth zero (such as 8–9–3 totalling 20, which is equivalent to zero), in Baccarat-like three-card games such as おいちょかぶ
1723 (享保八年 ), 竹田出雲 and 和田文耕堂 ,〈大塔宮曦鎧〉
しらがまじりがまく歌流多。かはゝ川越播磨( かはごへはりま ) ノ守。六々八のひつはりぶた 。先六はらのあたまをちよつる。次のかるたは八九三。是もめでたし鎌倉ぶた 。根( ね ) こぎにしやんとかき込( こみ ) し親は。二三四のぼり九寸( がう ) 。
( colloquial , poker ) synonym of ハイカード ( hai kādo , “ high card ” ) : a no pair , a hand without even a pair ( probably a modification of the term for a zero-valued card hand )
2000 July 7 [2000 May 17], Seimaru Amagi with Sato, Fumiya , “FILE( ファイル ) 1( いち ) 殺( さつ ) 人( じん ) ポーカー Unlucky Men in the Rain 〈問( もん ) 題( だい ) 編( へん ) 〉 [FILE 1: Murderous Poker: Unlucky Men in the Rain ‹Problem› ]”, in 明智警視の優雅なる事件簿 [Superintendent Akechi Elegant Case Files ], 3rd edition (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN :赤( あか ) 菱( びし ) さんのカードは8( はち ) とJ( ジャック ) のツーペア‥‥三( みつ ) 矢( や ) さんはA( エース ) のスリーカード 雲( くも ) 間( ま ) さんはQ( クイーン ) のワンペア 緑( みとり ) 川( かわ ) さんは役なし( ブタ ) ‥‥Akabishi-san no kādo wa hachi to jakku no tsū-pea... Mitsuya-san wa ēsu no surī-kādo, Kumoma-san wa kuīn no wan-pea, Midorikawa-san wa buta ... Akabishi-san’s hand would have a two pair, eights and jacks‥‥ Mitsuya-san’s a three of a kind, aces. Kumoma-san’s a one pair, queens. Midorikawa-san’s a high card ...
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana , especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ブタ .
Derived terms
See also
猪 ( i, inoshishi , “ wild boar ” )
アグー ( agū , “ Okinawan pig breed ” )
References
^ “豚・豕 ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten ] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo : Shogakukan , 2006
^ “ブタ/豚/ぶた ”, in 語源由来辞典 ( Gogen Yurai Jiten , “ Etymology Derivation Dictionary ” ) (in Japanese), 2003–2024 .
^ 日本辞典 ( Nihon Jiten , “ Japan Dictionary ” ) , entry for buta available online here (in Japanese)
^ 由来・語源辞典 ( Yurai / Gogen Jiten , “ Derivation / Etymology Dictionary ” ) , entry for buta available online here (in Japanese)
^ Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 [Daijirin ] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo : Sanseidō , →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 豚 (MC dwon ).
Recorded as Middle Korean 똔 (Yale : ttwon ) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운 ), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 돈 ( twon ) (Yale : twon ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회 ), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource
豚 (eumhun 돼지 돈 ( dwaeji don ) )
hanja form? of 돈 ( “ pig ” )
Compounds
References
국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典 .
Okinawan
Kanji
豚
(Jōyō kanji )
Readings
Etymology
/ʔuwaː/ → /ʔwaː/
From Proto-Ryukyuan *uwa . Cognate with Yoron っわー ( 'wā , “ pig ” ) , Tokunoshima っわー ( 'wā , “ pig ” ) , Miyako わー ( wā, vā , “ pig ” ) , Yaeyama おー ( ō , “ pig ” ) , Yonaguni わー ( wā , “ pig ” ) .
Likely not related to Japanese 豚 ( buta , “ pig, swine, hog ” ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
豚( っわー ) ('wā )
a pig , hog , swine
References
“っわー・うゎー・ぅわー【豚・豕】 ” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary , 2019.
Vietnamese
Han character
豚 : Hán Nôm readings: đồn
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.