Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word
負. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
負, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
負 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
負 you have here. The definition of the word
負 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
負, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order
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Han character
負 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+2, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓月山金 (NBUC), four-corner 27806, composition ⿱⺈貝(GHTJV) or ⿱勹貝(K) or ⿱刀貝)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1204, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36660
- Dae Jaweon: page 1665, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3623, character 4
- Unihan data for U+8CA0
Chinese
Glyph origin
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Old Chinese
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負
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*bɯʔ
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萯
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*bɯʔ
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蝜
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*bɯʔ
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偩
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*bɯʔ
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Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : ⺈ (“person”) + 貝 (“cowry”).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ba (“carry, shoulder”).
Pronunciation
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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負
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Reading #
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1/1
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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fù
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Middle Chinese
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‹ bjuwX ›
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Old Chinese
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/*əʔ/
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English
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carry on the back
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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負
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Reading #
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1/1
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No.
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3558
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Phonetic component
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負
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Rime group
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之
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Rime subdivision
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0
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Corresponding MC rime
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婦
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Old Chinese
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/*bɯʔ/
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Definitions
負
- to carry (on the back); to bear (a burden or responsibility)
- to rely on; to load; to burden
- to betray; to abandon; to repudiate; to go against
- to lose; to be defeated
- (mathematics, electricity, etc.) negative
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
負
(Third grade kyōiku kanji)
- (まける) lose; be defeated
- (おう) carry
- negative
Readings
- Go-on: ぶ (bu)
- Kan-on: ふう (fū)
- Kan’yō-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
- Kun: おう (ou, 負う, Jōyō)←おふ (ofu, 負ふ, historical)、まかす (makasu, 負かす, Jōyō)、まける (makeru, 負ける, Jōyō)、おい (oi, 負)←おひ (ofi, 負, historical)、おぶう (obuu, 負う)←おぶふ (obufu, 負ふ, historical)、おんぶ (onbu, 負んぶ)、そむく (somuku, 負く)、たのむ (tanomu, 負む)、まかる (makaru, 負る)、まけ (make, 負け)、めげる (megeru, 負げる)
- Nanori: え (e)、おい (oi)、ひ (hi)、ます (masu)
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Noun
負 • (fu)
- (mathematics) negativity, being negative (less than zero)
- 負の数
- fu no sū
- a negative number
- (physics) negativity, being negative (of electrical charge of an electron)
- 負の電荷
- fu no denka
- a negative charge
- negativity, being negative (bad, pessimistic)
- 負のオーラが漂っている人
- fu no ōra ga tadayotte iru hito
- a person who has a negative aura about them
Synonyms
Antonyms
Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 負 – see the following entry.
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【笈】J
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- a box with legs that is carried on the back, used by itinerant monks and yamabushi to carry books, articles of worship, clothing, etc.
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(This term, 負, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
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References
- ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2017 (paper), page 1060 (digital)
- ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 1153 (paper), page 589 (digital)
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 負 (MC bjuwX).
Hanja
負 (eumhun 질 부 (jil bu))
- hanja form? of 부 (“load, burden”)
- hanja form? of 부 (“carry, bear”)
Vietnamese
Han character
負: Hán Nôm readings: phụ[1]
- to betray
References