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賊 . In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
賊 , but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
賊 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
賊 you have here. The definition of the word
賊 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
賊 , as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
賊 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝 +6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月金戈十 (BCIJ ), four-corner 63850 , composition ⿰貝 戎 )
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 1208 , character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36759
Dae Jaweon: page 1672, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3637, character 1
Unihan data for U+8CCA
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
廁
*sʰrɯɡs, *sʰrɯɡ
則
*ʔsɯːɡ
賊
*zɯːɡ
鰂
*zɯːɡ
鱡
*zɯːɡ
蠈
*zɯːɡ
側
*ʔsrɯɡ
萴
*ʔsrɯɡ, *zrɯɡ
測
*sʰrɯɡ
惻
*sʰrɯɡ
崱
*zrɯɡ
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *zɯːɡ ) : phonetic 則 ( OC *ʔsɯːɡ) + semantic 戈 ( “ weapon ” ) .
This was later reinterpreted as a compound of 貝 (“money”) and 戎 (“weapon”) to produce the modern form.
Etymology 1
Possibly Sino-Tibetan ; compare Tibetan ཇག ( jag , “ robbery ” ) (Coblin, 1986 ). Schuessler (2007) points out that a palatalized consonant in Tibetan does not usually correspond to an unpalatalized one in Chinese; instead, he compares it to Khmer ឆក់ ( chɑk , “ to snatch; to steal ” ) .
Possibly cognate with 災 (OC *ʔslɯː , “natural disaster”) (Schuessler, 2007 ).
Based on evidence from early loans from Chinese, e.g. Lakkia kjak⁸ ( “ bandit ” ) and Rục kəcʌ́ːk ( “ bandit ” ) , Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstructs the Old Chinese with a *k preinitial.
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : zéi , zé (zei2 , ze2 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄗㄟˊ, ㄗㄜˊ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : zui2 / ze2
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : зый (zɨy, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : caak6 / caak3 / caak6-2
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : tak5
Gan (Wiktionary ) : cet7
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : chhe̍t
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : cêd6
Jin (Wiktionary ) : zei1
Northern Min (KCR ) : chā̤
Eastern Min (BUC ) : chĕk
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing ): ceh7 / zeh7
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : chha̍t / cha̍t / che̍k / chia̍k / che̍rk
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : cag8
Wu (Shanghai , Wugniu ) : 8 zeq
Xiang (Changsha , Wiktionary ) : ce4 / zei6
Note :
zui2 - vernacular;
ze2 - literary.
Note :
ceh7 - vernacular;
zeh7 - literary.
Southern Min
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou , Jinjiang , General Taiwanese , Hui'an , Nan'an , Yongchun )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou , General Taiwanese , Hui'an )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Zhangzhou , General Taiwanese , Nan'an )
(Hokkien : Quanzhou , Jinjiang )
(Hokkien : Nan'an )
Note :
chha̍t - vernacular (“thief; villain; evil”);
cha̍t - vernacular (limited to 墨賊 );
che̍k/chia̍k/che̍rk - literary.
Note :
ce4 - vernacular;
zei6 - literary.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
賊
Reading #
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
zéi
Middle Chinese
‹ dzok ›
Old Chinese
/*k.dzˁək/
English
injure; murderer, bandit
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
賊
Reading #
1/1
No.
16596
Phonetic component
則
Rime group
職
Rime subdivision
0
Corresponding MC rime
賊
Old Chinese
/*zɯːɡ/
Definitions
賊
† to damage ; to corrupt ; to ruin ; to destroy
† to harm ; to injure
† to slander
† to murder
† murderer
† harm ; disaster
thief ; bandit ; robber (Classifier : 個 / 个 m c )
琴日 有 賊 入 咗 屋 ,偷 走 咗 我 部 電腦 。 [Cantonese , trad. ] 琴日 有 贼 入 咗 屋 ,偷 走 咗 我 部 电脑 。 [Cantonese , simp. ] kam4 jat6 jau5 caak6-2 jap6 zo2 uk1 , tau1 zau2 zo2 ngo5 bou6 din6 nou5 . Yesterday, a thief came into my house and stole my computer.
villain ; traitor
† to steal
evil ; wicked ; treacherous
† to restrain
† ruthless ; vicious
( colloquial , dialectal ) cunning ; wily ; sly
† a kind of pest that eats the joints of a seedling
蟊賊 / 蟊贼 ― máozéi ― insects that eat the roots and the joints
Usage notes
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
小偷 (“(petty) thief”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
賊 , 盜
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
賊 , 小偷 , 竊賊 , 盜
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
小偷兒 , 賊
Taiwan
小偷 , 賊
Harbin
小偷兒 , 賊
Shenyang
小偷兒
Singapore
小偷 , 賊
Jilu Mandarin
Tianjin
小偷兒 , 賊
Jinan
小偷兒 , 小偷 , 毛賊 , 毛賊子 , 賊
Jiaoliao Mandarin
Yantai (Muping)
小偷兒 , 賊
Central Plains Mandarin
Luoyang
小偷兒 , 賊
Wanrong
毛賊 , 賊娃子 , 賊
Zhengzhou
小偷兒 , 賊
Xi'an
賊娃子 , 賊
Xining
小偷兒 , 賊娃子
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
賊娃子 , 賊
Lanyin Mandarin
Yinchuan
賊娃子 , 賊
Lanzhou
賊娃子
Ürümqi
賊娃子 , 賊
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
賊娃子 , 賊 , 偷跟兒 , 偷兒
Wuhan
強徒 , 小偷
Guiyang
小偷
Kunming
小偷 , 小毛賊 , 毛賊 , 小賊
Guilin
小偷
Guanyang
拐子
Liuzhou
小偷
Dagudi (Maliba)
賊
Reshuitang (Longling)
賊
Mae Salong (Lancang)
小偷 , 賊
Mae Sai (Tengchong)
賊
Jianghuai Mandarin
Nanjing
小偷 , 賊
Yangzhou
小偷 , 賊 , 強盜
Nantong
賊坯
Hefei
小偷 , 賊 , 小賊
Huanggang
三隻手
Cantonese
Guangzhou
賊仔 , 賊 , 賊佬 , 鼠摸
Hong Kong
賊仔 , 賊 , 賊佬 , 鼠摸
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)
賊仔
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)
賊
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
賊佬
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
賊佬
Macau
偷仔
Guangzhou (Panyu)
賊仔
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
夜摸
Guangzhou (Conghua)
賊仔
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
偷雞佬 , 賊佬
Foshan
鼠摸
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
鼠摸仔
Foshan (Shunde)
偷仔
Foshan (Sanshui)
鼠摸
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
鼠摸仔
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
偷仔
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
偷仔
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
三隻手
Zhuhai (Doumen)
小摸
Jiangmen (Baisha)
小摸
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
小摸
Taishan
賊仔 , 鼠摸
Kaiping (Chikan)
小摸
Enping (Niujiang)
小摸仔
Heshan (Yayao)
鼠摸仔
Dongguan
賊仔 , 鼠摸 dated
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
賊仔
Shaoguan
賊佬
Yunfu
雪仔
Yangjiang
鼠賊 , 賊
Xinyi
賊佬
Lianjiang
賊佬 , 賊仔
Nanning
賊 , 賊佬
Wuzhou
賊佬
Yulin
賊
Hepu (Lianzhou)
賊 , 夜摸
Beihai
賊仔
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
白捏 , 小偷
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
賊手
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
賊佬
Danzhou
賊
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
小賊
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
賊仔
Móng Cái
賊 , 夜摸 , 白捏
Gan
Nanchang
賊
Lichuan
賊
Pingxiang
賊牯
Hakka
Meixian
賊牯 , 賊仔
Xingning
賊牯佬
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)
賊仔
Huidong (Daling)
賊牯佬
Dongguan (Qingxi)
賊佬
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
賊佬
Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng)
賊佬
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
賊仔
Wuhua (Shuizhai)
賊哩
Wuhua (Huacheng)
賊哩
Wuhua (Changbu)
賊牯佬
Wuhua (Mianyang)
賊牯佬
Heyuan (Bendihua)
賊
Shaoguan (Qujiang)
賊佬
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
賊佬
Liannan
賊佬
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
小偷
Jiexi
賊
Changting
賊牯
Wuping
賊牯
Wuping (Pingyu)
賊牯
Liancheng
賊牯
Ninghua
賊牯
Yudu
賊牯
Ruijin
賊牯
Shicheng
賊牯
Shangyou (Shexi)
賊佬 , 強盜
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
賊仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
賊仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
賊仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
賊
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
賊仔 , 賊
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
賊
Hong Kong
賊佬
Luchuan
賊
Luchuan (Daqiao)
賊佬
Sabah (Longchuan)
賊佬
Senai (Huiyang)
扒手
Singkawang
賊
Huizhou
Jixi
賊骨頭 , 賊 , 銃手
Jin
Taiyuan
小偷兒 , 賊
Pingyao
小綹兒
Xinzhou
賊
Hohhot
小偷 , 賊 , 賊小子
Northern Min
Jian'ou
賊
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
賊囝 , 賊
Fuqing
賊 , 賊囝
Matsu
賊囝
Southern Min
Xiamen
賊仔 , 鼠賊
Quanzhou
賊仔 , 鼠賊
Jinjiang
鼠賊仔
Yongchun
賊
Zhangzhou
賊仔 , 鼠賊 , 佬賊仔
Dongshan
賊仔
Taipei
賊仔
New Taipei (Sanxia)
賊仔
Kaohsiung
勍仔
Yilan
勍仔
Changhua (Lukang)
賊仔
Taichung
賊仔
Tainan
賊仔
Hsinchu
賊仔
Kinmen
鼠賊仔
Penghu (Magong)
賊
Penang (Hokkien)
賊
Singapore (Hokkien)
賊
Manila (Hokkien)
賊 , 賊仔
Zhangping (Yongfu)
賊
Pingnan (Shangdu)
賊
Guilin (Biyange)
賊
Chaozhou
鼠賊囝
Shantou
賊 , 賊囝 , 鼠賊 , 鼠賊囝
Jieyang
鼠賊 , 鼠賊囝
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
鼠賊囝
Wenchang
賊囝
Haikou
賊囝 , 賊
Puxian Min
Putian
賊囝
Xianyou
賊囝
Central Min
Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping)
賊
Zhongshan Min
Zhongshan (Sanxiang)
賊囝
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
賊 , 小偷
Northern Pinghua
Guilin (Dahe)
賊 , 小偷
Guilin (Dongbianzhou)
賊
Waxiang
Guzhang (Gaofeng)
賊頭
Wu
Shanghai
賊骨頭 , 賊 , 小偷 , 賊伯伯 humorous
Shanghai (Chongming)
小偷 , 賊
Suzhou
賊骨頭 , 賊 , 賊伯伯 humorous , 小賊
Wuxi
賊骨頭 , 小偷
Danyang
小偷 , 賊 , 賊老官 , 做賊佬
Hangzhou
賊骨頭 , 賊
Ningbo
賊骨頭 , 小偷
Wenzhou
小偷兒 , 小偷 , 賊
Jinhua
賊骨頭 , 賊 , 小偷
Xiang
Changsha
賊老倌 , 賊牯子 , 賊
Xiangtan
夜摸子
Loudi
賊牯子
Shuangfeng
賊牯子
Quanzhou
賊
Descendants
Others :
→ Proto-Southwestern Tai: *sɤkᴰ
Thai: ศึก ( sʉ̀k , “ war, battle ” )
→ Vietnamese: giặc
→ ? Proto-Turkic: *yagï ( war, bandit ) ( Can this (+ ) etymology be sourced ?)
Etymology 2
Clipping of 賊拉 / 贼拉 ( zéilā ) , borrowed from Korean 第一 ( jeil , “ first; most, -est ” ) .
Pronunciation
Definitions
賊
( formerly dialectal , including Northeastern Mandarin , increasingly informal ) very ; particularly ; immensely ; extremely
賊 好看 / 贼 好看 ― zéi hǎokàn ― remarkably beautiful
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
很 (“very”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
甚 , 孔
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
很 , 非常 , 十分
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
挺 , 很 , 倍兒 , 怪
Taiwan
很 , 好 , 非常 , 超 , 蠻 , 超級
Malaysia
很
Singapore
很 , 蠻 , 非常
Jilu Mandarin
Tianjin
挺 , 很 , 傻 , 老 , 倍兒 , 齁兒
Jinan
挺 , 楞
Central Plains Mandarin
Xi'an
很
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
很 , 好
Chongqing
很
Wuhan
蠻 , 很
Jianghuai Mandarin
Yangzhou
蠻 , 稀 , 很
Hefei
很
Cantonese
Guangzhou
好 , 非常之
Hong Kong
好 , 非常 , 非常之 , 超 , 勁 , 十分之 , 無敵
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
好
Taishan
好 , 十分之
Yangjiang
好
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
好
Singapore (Guangfu)
好 , 非常之 , 非常
Gan
Nanchang
蠻
Hakka
Meixian
好 , 刮 , 已 , 還 , 異 , 還 exclamation
Huidong (Daling)
好
Wuhua (Meilin)
好
Shaoguan (Qujiang)
頂
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
好
Changting
野
Wuping (Pingyu)
已 , 刮
Liancheng
樣
Ninghua
好
Ruijin
蠻
Shicheng
蠻
Shangyou (Shexi)
蠻
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
當 , 已 , 還
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
蓋 , 盡 , 還
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
當 , 盡 , 已 , 還
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
當 , 已 , 還
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
當 , 已 , 還
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
足 , 真 , 實在
Hong Kong
好
Sabah (Bao'an)
好
Kuching (Hepo)
很
Singapore (Dabu)
好
Jin
Taiyuan
很 , 挺
Northern Min
Jian'ou
盡
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
野 , 真
Singapore (Fuqing)
真
Sitiawan (Gutian)
真
Southern Min
Xiamen
真 , 野 , 誠 , 有夠 , 萬代 , 死人 , 非常 , 真正 , 設汰 , 一
Xiamen (Tong'an)
真
Quanzhou
真 , 野 , 誠 , 有夠 , 萬代 , 死人 , 設汰
Jinjiang
野
Zhangzhou
盡 , 蓋 , 足 , 足範 , 有夠 , 出奇 , 極死 , 見死 , 死了了 , 死人 , 設汰 , 設汰仔
Zhao'an
很 , 真 , 死絕 , 好 , 非常
Dongshan
真 , 非常
Taipei
真 , 誠
New Taipei (Sanxia)
真 , 誠
Kaohsiung
有夠 , 足 , 真 , 誠 , 蓋
Yilan
有夠 , 足 , 誠 , 盡
Changhua (Lukang)
真 , 誠
Taichung
誠 , 蓋 , 足
Tainan
有夠 , 足 , 真 , 誠 , 蓋
Hsinchu
真 , 誠
Kinmen
足 , 誠
Penghu (Magong)
真 , 誠
Penang (Hokkien)
真 , 誠 , 真正
Singapore (Hokkien)
真 , 死爸 , 真正 , 誠 , 足 , 有夠
Manila (Hokkien)
野 , 真 , 萬代 , 真誠 , 誠 , 有夠
Chaozhou
過 , 好 , 非常 , 死爸
Shantou
過 , 鐵 , 好 , 很 , 死爸 , 死絕
Shantou (Chenghai)
好 , 死絕
Shantou (Chaoyang)
好 , 非常
Jieyang
過 , 好 , 死爸 , 死絕
Bangkok (Teochew)
好
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
好
Singapore (Teochew)
真 , 死爸 , 非常
Wenchang
極 , 但顧 , 真
Haikou
但顧
Qionghai
但顧 , 真
Singapore (Hainanese)
但顧 , 真
Zhongshan Min
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
好 , 蠻
Wu
Shanghai
蠻 , 老 , 邪氣 , 老老 , 瞎 , 絕 , 十分 , 十二萬分 , 非常 , 非常之 , 畢 , 畢畢 , 來得 , 來得個 , 煞 , 交關 , 十二分 rare , 窮 dated , 野 dated , 邪 dated
Suzhou
蠻 , 窮
Hangzhou
蠻 , 交關 , 木佬佬 , 冒
Ningbo
交關 , 蠻 , 堪 , 𣍐好 , 𣍐派 , 甮派 , 出格 , 木牢牢 rare , 猛 rare
Zhoushan
交關 , 蠻 , 猛 , 堪 , 出格 , 木牢牢 rare
Wenzhou
蠻 , 蒙 , 顯
Xiang
Changsha
很 , 蠻
Shuangfeng
蠻
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
賊
(Jōyō kanji )
Readings
Compounds
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 賊 (MC dzok ).
Pronunciation
Noun
賊( ぞく ) • (zoku )
thief
rebel
Derived terms
References
^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914 ) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary ] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō : Kōbunsha, →DOI , page 2026 (paper), page 1065 (digital)
^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927 ), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary ] (in Japanese), Ōsaka : Shōundō, →DOI , page 1160 (paper), page 593 (digital)
^ Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 [Daijirin ] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo : Sanseidō , →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute , editor (1998 ), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary ] (in Japanese), Tokyo : NHK Publishing, Inc. , →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 賊 (MC dzok ). Recorded as Middle Korean 적〮 ( cék ) (Yale : cek ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회 ), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource
賊 (eumhun 도둑 적 ( doduk jeok ) )
hanja form? of 적 ( “ thief ” )
Compounds
References
국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典 .
Vietnamese
Han character
賊 : Hán Nôm readings: tặc , giặc
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