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See also:
U+8ECB, 軋
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8ECB

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 159, +1, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十十山 (JJU), four-corner 52010, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1239, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38173
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1713, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3512, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8ECB

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *qriːd) : semantic (cart) + phonetic (OC *qriɡ)

Pronunciation 1

trad.
simp.

Note:
  • at - literary;
  • ah - colloquial.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ia⁵¹/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂa²⁴/ ~鋼
/ia⁵³/ ~道機
Tianjin /iɑ⁵³/
Jinan /ia²¹/
Qingdao /ka⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ia³¹²/
Xi'an /nia⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡sa²⁴/
Yinchuan /ia¹³/
Lanzhou /ia¹³/
/ia⁵³/
Ürümqi /ia²¹³/
Wuhan /ia³⁵/
/ŋa³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡sa³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sa²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂa̠³¹/
Nanjing /iɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /iɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ia⁴⁵/ ~死
/t͡saʔ²/ ~鋼
Pingyao /ȵiɑ³⁵/
Hohhot /ia⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɡaʔ¹/
Suzhou /ɡaʔ³/
Hangzhou /ɡɑʔ²/
Wenzhou /a²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kaʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡sɔ⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ia²⁴/
Xiangtan /ŋɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /ŋaʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sap̚¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sat̚³/
Nanning /t͡sat̚³³/
Hong Kong /t͡sat̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /at̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min)
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sa²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sak̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ŋak̚³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (34)
Final () (75)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter 'eat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔˠɛt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔᵚæt̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔəɨt̚/
Li
Rong
/ʔɛt̚/
Wang
Li
/æt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ʔat̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
ya
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
aat3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔɛt ›
Old
Chinese
/*qˁrət/
English crush

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14914
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qriːd/

Definitions

  1. to crush by weight
    棉花棉花  ―  miánhuā  ―  to gin cotton
  2. to oust; to squeeze out
      ―  qīng  ―  to engage in internal strife
  3. (onomatopoeia) sound of a machine running
  4. a surname: Ya
Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

trad.
simp.

Definitions

  1. (dialectal) to jostle; to push against; to squeeze together
  2. (dialectal) to associate with
    朋友朋友  ―  péngyǒu  ―  to make friends
  3. (dialectal) to check

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

trad.
simp.

Definitions

  1. to roll (steel)
      ―  zhágāng  ―  to roll steel

Compounds

Pronunciation 4

trad.
simp.

Definitions

  1. (Hokkien) to tip over and crush something

Pronunciation 5

trad.
simp.
alternative forms

𩛩𩠃 Taiwanese

Definitions

  1. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to crush; to run over; to roll flat (of or by a car)
    [Hokkien, trad.]
    [Hokkien, simp.]
    I hō͘ chhia kauh sí. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    He was run over to death by a car.
    駛車 [Hokkien, trad.]
    驶车 [Hokkien, simp.]
    I sái-chhia khì kauh tio̍h lâng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    He was driving and ran over a person.

Japanese

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. squeak
  2. creak
  3. grate

Readings

  • Go-on: えち (echi)
  • Kan-on: あつ (atsu)
  • Kun: きしる (kishiru, 軋る)きしむ (kishimu, 軋む)

Korean

Hanja

(al) (hangeul , revised al, McCune–Reischauer al, Yale al)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: ca, loát, yết

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.