辣
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See also: 辢
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Translingual
Han character
辣 (Kangxi radical 160, 辛+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜十木中 (YJDL), four-corner 05496, composition ⿰辛束)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1251, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38646
- Dae Jaweon: page 1731, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4040, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8FA3
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
辣 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 辢 | |
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *raːd) : semantic 辛 + phonetic 束. The latter is an abbreviation of 剌 (OC *raːd).
Etymology 1
Possibly cognate with 厲 (OC *m·rads), 烈 (OC *red).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): na2
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): lǎ
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): låq
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): lah7
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): lah4
- Northern Min (KCR): luòi / lă
- Eastern Min (BUC): lăk
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): luah7 / lua2 / lah7
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 8laq / 8laeq
- Xiang
- (Changsha, Wiktionary): la6
- (Loudi, Wiktionary): la4
- (Hengyang, Wiktionary): la2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: là
- Wade–Giles: la4
- Yale: là
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lah
- Palladius: ла (la)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lä⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: na2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: la
- Sinological IPA (key): /na²¹/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: lǎ
- Sinological IPA (key): /la²¹/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: låq
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): laq5
- Sinological IPA (key): /laʔ⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: laat6
- Yale: laaht
- Cantonese Pinyin: laat9
- Guangdong Romanization: lad6
- Sinological IPA (key): /laːt̚²/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: ngek8
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɛk̚²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: lah7
- Sinological IPA (key): /laʔ²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: la̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: lad
- Hagfa Pinyim: lad6
- Sinological IPA: /lat̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: ladˋ
- Sinological IPA: /lat²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: lah4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /laʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: luòi / lă
- Sinological IPA (key): /luɛ⁴²/, /la²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lăk
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃aʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: luah7
- Sinological IPA (key): /luaʔ⁴/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: lua2
- Sinological IPA (key): /lua¹³/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: lah7
- Sinological IPA (key): /laʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: lah7
- Sinological IPA (key): /laʔ²⁴/
- (Putian)
Note:
- luah7/lua2 - vernacular;
- lah7 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: la̍t
- Tâi-lô: la̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: lat
- IPA (Xiamen): /lat̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /lat̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /lat̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Penang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loa̍h
- Tâi-lô: lua̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: loah
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /luaʔ¹²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /luaʔ²⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Penang): /luaʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
Note:
- la̍t - literary;
- loa̍h - vernacular (“spicy; cruel (Mainland China)”).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: luah4 / luah8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: luah / lua̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /luaʔ²/, /luaʔ⁴/
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: lua6
- Sinological IPA: /lua³³/
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: la6
- Sinological IPA (key): /la̠²⁴/
- (Loudi)
- Wiktionary: la4
- Sinological IPA (key): /la̠³⁵/
- (Hengyang)
- Wiktionary: la2
- Sinological IPA (key): /lä¹¹/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: lat
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə.rˤat/
- (Zhengzhang): /*raːd/
Definitions
辣
- spicy; hot; peppery; pungent; hot
- to be spicy; to be hot; to burn
- cruel; vicious
- 毒辣 ― dúlà ― sinister
- a surname: La
Synonyms
- (spicy):
- (cruel):
- 兇惡 / 凶恶 (xiōng'è)
- 兇殘 / 凶残 (xiōngcán)
- 兇狠 / 凶狠 (xiōnghěn)
- 兇猛 / 凶猛 (xiōngměng)
- 兇險 / 凶险 (xiōngxiǎn)
- 凶暴 (xiōngbào)
- 厲害 / 厉害 (lìhài)
- 嚴酷 / 严酷 (yánkù)
- 強暴 / 强暴 (qiángbào)
- 忍 (rěn) (literary)
- 惡勢 / 恶势 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 惡毒 / 恶毒 (èdú)
- 惡狠狠 / 恶狠狠 (èhěnhěn)
- 慘 / 惨 (cǎn) (literary, or in compounds)
- 暴力 (bàolì)
- 暴戾 (bàolì) (literary)
- 暴虐 (bàonüè)
- 暴躁 (bàozào)
- 橫逆 / 横逆 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 殘 / 残 (cán) (literary,or in compounds)
- 殘忍 / 残忍 (cánrěn)
- 殘暴 / 残暴 (cánbào)
- 殘酷 / 残酷 (cánkù)
- 毒辣 (dúlà)
- 烏心 / 乌心 (Min Nan)
- 狠心 (hěnxīn)
- 狠毒 (hěndú)
- 狠狠 (hěnhěn)
- 猙獰 / 狰狞 (zhēngníng)
- 粗殘 / 粗残 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 酷烈 (kùliè)
- 野蠻 / 野蛮 (yěmán)
- 陰功 / 阴功 (jam1 gung1) (Cantonese)
- 險惡 / 险恶 (xiǎn'è)
- 黑心 (hēixīn)
Compounds
- 光辣撻 / 光辣挞
- 吃辣麵 / 吃辣面
- 吃香喝辣
- 哈辣
- 大辣酥
- 心狠手辣 (xīnhěnshǒulà)
- 托辣斯
- 撲辣 / 扑辣
- 放屁辣臊 (fàngpìlàsāo)
- 毒辣 (dúlà)
- 清光滑辣 (qīngguānghuálà)
- 滑辣
- 潑辣 / 泼辣 (pōlà)
- 火焦火辣
- 火辣 (huǒlà)
- 熱辣辣 / 热辣辣 (rèlàlà)
- 甜不辣 (tiánbùlà)
- 甜辣醬 / 甜辣酱
- 甜酸苦辣 (tiánsuānkǔlà)
- 老辣 (lǎolà)
- 苦辣
- 薑桂老辣 / 姜桂老辣 (jiāngguìlǎolà)
- 薑越老越辣 / 姜越老越辣 (jiāngyuèlǎoyuèlà)
- 薑還是老的辣 / 姜还是老的辣 (jiāng háishì lǎo de là)
- 虎辣八
- 蹼辣
- 辛辣 (xīnlà)
- 辣乎乎
- 辣味 (làwèi)
- 辣妹 (làmèi)
- 辣子 (làzi)
- 辣實 / 辣实
- 辣手 (làshǒu)
- 辣拐子 (làguǎizi)
- 辣椒 (làjiāo)
- 辣氣 / 辣气
- 辣油 (làyóu)
- 辣浪
- 辣燥
- 辣瓣兒醬 / 辣瓣儿酱 (làbànrjiàng)
- 辣絲絲 / 辣丝丝 (làsīsī)
- 辣菜 (làcài)
- 辣菜根子
- 辣豁豁
- 辣貨 / 辣货
- 辣酥酥
- 辣醬 / 辣酱 (làjiàng)
- 辣雞 / 辣鸡 (làjī)
- 酸甜苦辣 (suāntiánkǔlà)
- 酸辣湯 / 酸辣汤 (suānlàtāng)
- 鳳辣子 / 凤辣子
- 麻辣 (málà)
- 黃湯辣水 / 黄汤辣水 (huángtānglàshuǐ)
See also
| Basic tastes in Chinese · 味道 (layout · text) | |||||
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| 甜 (tián) | 酸 (suān) | 鹹 / 咸 (xián) | 苦 | 辣 (là) | 鮮味 / 鲜味 (xiānwèi) |
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 辣 – see 焫 (“(of hot objects) to burn; to scald; to sear; very hot; scalding”). (This character is a variant form of 焫). |
Compounds
Etymology 3
| For pronunciation and definitions of 辣 – see 垃 (“to be at; to be located at; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 垃). |
References
- “辣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
辣
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
- Go-on: らち (rachi)
- Kan-on: らつ (ratsu, Jōyō)
- Kun: からい (karai, 辣い)、きびしい (kibishii, 辣しい)、むごい (mugoi, 辣い)
Compounds
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
辣 (eumhun 매울 랄 (mae'ul ral), word-initial (South Korea) 매울 날 (mae'ul nal))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
Han character
辣: Hán Việt readings: lạt[1][2][3]
辣: Nôm readings: lượt, lát[2], lướt[2], nhạt[2], nhợt[2]