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U+903C, 逼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-903C

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 162, +9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜一口田 (YMRW), four-corner 31306, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1260, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38973
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1750, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3856, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+903C

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *prɯɡ) : semantic + phonetic (OC *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ).

Etymology 1

trad.
simp. #

Pronunciation


Note:
  • bie1 - vernacular;
  • bi2, bi1 - literary.
Note:
  • “to compel; to press for”.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /pi⁵⁵/
Harbin /pi²⁴/
Tianjin /pi²¹/
Jinan /pi⁴²/
Qingdao /pi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /pi⁴²/
Xi'an /pi²¹/
Xining /pji⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /pi¹³/
Lanzhou /pi¹³/
Ürümqi /pi²¹³/
Wuhan /pi²¹³/
Chengdu /pi³¹/
/pi⁵⁵/
/pie⁵⁵/
Guiyang /pi²¹/
Kunming /pi³¹/
Nanjing /piʔ⁵/
Hefei /piəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /piəʔ²/
Pingyao /piʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /piəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /piɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /piəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /piəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /pi²¹³/
Hui Shexian /piʔ²¹/
Tunxi /pi⁵/
Xiang Changsha /pi²⁴/
Xiangtan /pi³³/
Gan Nanchang /piʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /pit̚¹/
Taoyuan /pet̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pek̚⁵/
Nanning /pek̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /pik̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pik̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pɛiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /pi²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /pek̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbek̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (1)
Final () (134)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter pik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/pɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/piek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pik̚/
Li
Rong
/piək̚/
Wang
Li
/pĭək̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/pi̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
bi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bik1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ pik ›
Old
Chinese
/*prək/
English urge, press

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3378
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*prɯɡ/

Definitions

  1. to compel; to pressure; to force
      ―  bèi fēng  ―  to be driven mad
    鋼琴 [MSC, trad.]
    钢琴 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ mā wǒ xué gāngqín.
    My mom forced me to learn the piano.
  2. to press for; to extort
      ―  gōng  ―  to force a confession
  3. to approach; to press on
  4. (literary) narrow
  5. (Cantonese) Alternative form of (crowded; packed)

Synonyms

  • (to compel):

Compounds

Etymology 2

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

Probably from (piat).

Pronunciation

Definitions

  1. (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to interpret (one's fortune, etc.)

Compounds

Etymology 3

trad.
simp. #

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (Mandarin) Alternative form of ()

Etymology 4

trad.
simp. #

Pronunciation

Definitions

  1. (Hokkien) Alternative form of

References

Japanese

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. to approach
    Synonym:
  2. to compel; to force

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Etymology

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading.

The original reading is (byeok) based on Middle Chinese (MC pik).

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 핍박할 (pipbakhal pip))

  1. hanja form? of (to force; to compel)

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: bức, bực

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