采

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See also: 埰, 採, and 釆
采 U+91C7, 采
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91C7
← 釆
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 釈 →

Translingual

Han character

采 (Kangxi radical 165, 釆+1, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月木 (BD), four-corner 20904, composition ⿱爫木)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1290, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40116
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1790, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3898, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+91C7

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 采

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 采
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (采) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
采 *sʰɯːʔ
睬 *sʰɯːʔ
彩 *sʰɯːʔ
採 *sʰɯːʔ
綵 *sʰɯːʔ
寀 *sʰɯːʔ
菜 *sʰɯːs
埰 *sʰɯːs
棌 *sʰɯːs

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) . Two forms can be found in oracle bone script:

  1. 爪 (“hand”) + 果 (“fruit”) – a hand (爪) picking fruits from a tree (果 (guǒ)).
  2. 爪 (“hand”) + 木 (“tree”) – a hand (爪) picking from a tree (木 (mù)).

The current glyph is of composition 2.

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Several etymologies have been proposed:

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 采
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 倉宰切
Baxter tshojX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰʌiX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰəiX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰɒiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰəjX/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰᴀiX/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰɒiX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰɑ̆iX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		cǎi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		coi2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 采 采
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		cǎi cǎi
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tshojX › ‹ tshojX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s.r̥ˁəʔ/ /*s.r̥ˁəʔ/
English gather, pluck colorful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 采
Reading # 1/1
No. 1070
Phonetic
component 		采
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		采
Old
Chinese 		/*sʰɯːʔ/
Definitions

采

  1. to pick; to pluck; to gather; to collect
    alt. forms: 採 / 采 (cǎi)
  2. to pick; to choose; to select
    alt. forms: 採 / 采 (cǎi)
  3. to mine; to dig
    alt. forms: 採 / 采 (cǎi)
  4. to drag; to pull
    alt. forms: 採 / 采 (cǎi)
  5. color
    alt. forms: 綵 / 彩 (cǎi), 彩 (cǎi)
  6. colored silk
    alt. forms: 綵 / 彩 (cǎi), 彩 (cǎi)
  7. literary talent
    alt. forms: 彩 (cǎi), 綵 / 彩 (cǎi)
    文采  ―  wéncǎi  ―  literary talent
  8. luster
    alt. forms: 彩 (cǎi)
  9. beautiful in words but poor in content; using colorful language to cover up flaws
  10. expression; spirit; complexion
    興高采烈／兴高采烈  ―  xìnggāocǎiliè  ―  elated
  11. wager; stake
    alt. forms: 彩 (cǎi)
  12. lucky (in gambling)
    alt. forms: 彩 (cǎi)
  13. oak
    alt. forms: 棌
    采椽  ―  cǎichuán  ―  oak
  14. to heed; to pay attention to
    alt. forms: 睬 (cǎi), 採 / 采 (cǎi), 倸 (cǎi)
  15. official position
    alt. forms: 寀 / 采
  16. vine; creeper
  17. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) thing
  18. to exploit; to gain
    alt. forms: 採 / 采 (cǎi)
  19. to accept
    alt. forms: 採 / 采 (cǎi)
  20. currency
  21. tomb
  22. a surname
Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

采

  1. fief
    alt. forms: 寀 / 采, 埰 (cài)
  2. Alternative form of 菜 (cài)
Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 采 – see 採 (“to pick; to pluck; to select; to choose; to pick; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified form of 採).
Notes:

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 采 – see 彩 (“variegated colors; rich and bright colors; etc.”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 彩).
Notes:

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 采
Kyūjitai
[1]
采󠄁
采+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
采󠄃
采+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

采

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. a die, dice

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
采
さい
Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

采(さい) • (sai) 

  1. a die, dice

References

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2163 (paper), page 1133 (digital)
  2. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

采 • (chae) (hangeul 채, revised chae, McCune–Reischauer ch'ae, Yale chay)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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