釵

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See also: 钗
釵 U+91F5, 釵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91F5
← 釴
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 釶 →

Translingual

Han character

釵 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+3, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金水戈 (CEI), four-corner 87140, composition ⿰釒叉)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1297, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40191
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1800, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4173, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+91F5

Chinese

trad. 釵
simp. 钗

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (叉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
叉 *sʰraːl, *sʰreːl
杈 *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːls
靫 *sʰraːl, *sʰreːl
汊 *sʰraːls
衩 *sʰraːls, *sʰreːls
扠 *hr'eːl
釵 *sʰreːl
芆 *sʰreːl
訍 *sʰreːls

Pronunciation

Note: thoe/the - vernacular, chhai - literary.
Rime
Character 釵
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 初 (19)
Final (韻) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 楚佳切
Baxter tsrhea
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ʃʰˠɛ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ʃʰæi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨj/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ʃʰɛ/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ʃʰai/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʈ͡ʂʰai/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chāi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		caai1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 釵
Reading # 1/1
No. 1182
Phonetic
component 		叉
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		釵
Old
Chinese 		/*sʰreːl/

Definitions

釵

  1. (dated) ornamental forked hairpin

Synonyms

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

釵

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: せ (se)
  • Kan-on: さい (sai)
  • Kan’yō-on: さ (sa)
  • Kun: かんざし (kanzashi)、かざし (kazashi)

Etymology 1

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
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English Wikipedia has an article on:
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釵 (sai): An antique Okinawan sai.
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From Middle Chinese 釵 (MC tsrhea). Compare modern Mandarin 釵／钗 (chāi, “hairpin; sai (weapon)”).

This character was originally used in Japanese to mean (ornamental) hairpin, and was read with a kun'yomi of kanzashi. The similarity in shape between a hairpin and the weapon called a sai later led to this character being used to refer to the weapon. In modern Japanese, this character is read primarily with its on'yomi of sai, and is used to refer to the weapon. The hairpin sense and kanzashi reading are more often spelled 簪.

Pronunciation

Noun

釵(さい) • (sai) 

  1. (weaponry) a sai: a short blunt weapon with a wide guard, used mainly for defense against opponents armed with swords
See also

Etymology 2

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
釵 (kanzashi): A 舞子 (maiko, “apprentice geisha”) with the willow-themed kanzashi for the month of June.
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/kamusaɕi/ → /kanzaɕi/

Originally a compound of 髪 (kamu, “hair, hair of the head”, Old Japanese combining form) +‎ 挿し (sashi, “sticker-through (something that sticks through)”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 挿す sasu “to stick through, to insert”).[1][2] The sashi changes to zashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

釵(かんざし) • (kanzashi) 

  1. a hairpin, particularly a fancy decorative hairpin used in Japanese women's hairstyles
Usage notes

This sense is more commonly spelled in kanji as 簪 or in kana as かんざし.

Etymology 3

May be a sound shift from kanzashi.[1]

/kanzaɕi/ → /kazaɕi/

Alternately, this may be a compound of 髪 (ka, “hair”, apophonic form of 毛 ke “hair”) +‎ 挿し (sashi, “sticker-through”).[1]

A folk etymology occasionally encountered is that this as a compound of 花 (ka, “flower”) + 挿し (sashi, “sticker-through”), as many decorative hairpins have floral themes. However, this etymology would mix the Chinese-derived on'yomi of ka and the Old Japanese-derived kun'yomi of sashi, which seems less probable than the above two possibilities.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

釵(かざし) • (kazashi) 

  1. (obsolete) an ornamental hairpin (see above)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

釵 • (chae, cha) (hangeul 채, 차, revised chae, cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'ae, ch'a, Yale chay, cha)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

釵: Hán Nôm readings: thoa, soa, sai

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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