銀
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Translingual
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Han character
銀 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 金日女 (CAV), four-corner 87132, composition ⿰釒艮)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1303, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40355
- Dae Jaweon: page 1805, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4202, character 18
- Unihan data for U+9280
Chinese
| trad. | 銀 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 银 | |
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| Ag | |
| Previous: 鈀／钯 (bā) (Pd) | |
| Next: 鎘／镉 (gé) (Cd) | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 銀 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 艱 | *krɯːn |
| 齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
| 眼 | *ŋrɯːnʔ |
| 蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
| 限 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
| 詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
| 根 | *kɯːn |
| 跟 | *kɯːn |
| 珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
| 艮 | *kɯːns |
| 茛 | *kɯːns |
| 墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 懇 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
| 泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
| 痕 | *ɡɯːn |
| 拫 | *ɡɯːn |
| 鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
| 很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
| 恨 | *ɡɯːns |
| 銀 | *ŋrɯn |
| 檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋrɯn) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋul ~ (d-)ŋur. Cognate with Tibetan དངུལ (dngul), Burmese ငွေ (ngwe).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yin2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): йин (yin, I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ngan4 / ngan4-2
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngan3 / ngan3*
- (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): ngan4
- Gan (Wiktionary): nyin4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ing1
- Northern Min (KCR): ngê̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngṳ̀ng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ngyng2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gnin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): in2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yín
- Wade–Giles: yin2
- Yale: yín
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yn
- Palladius: инь (inʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /in³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yin2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: in
- Sinological IPA (key): /in²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йин (yin, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /iŋ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngan4 / ngan4-2
- Yale: ngàhn / ngán
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngan4 / ngan4-2
- Guangdong Romanization: ngen4 / ngen4-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐn²¹/, /ŋɐn²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngan3 / ngan3*
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡan²²/, /ᵑɡan²²⁻²²⁵/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
- Jyutping++: ngan4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐn⁴²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nyin4
- Sinological IPA (key): /n̠ʲin³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiùn
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngiun2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯un¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiun
- Sinological IPA: /ŋiun⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ing1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /iŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngê̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋœyŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngṳ̀ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋyŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ngyng2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋyŋ¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Lukang, Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gûn
- Tâi-lô: gûn
- Phofsit Daibuun: guun
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Lukang, Taipei, Kinmen, Philippines): /ɡun²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia, Nan'an)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gîrn
- Tâi-lô: gîrn
- IPA (Nan'an): /ɡən²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngeng5 / ngêng5 / nging5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngṳ̂ng / ngêng / ngîng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɯŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋeŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋiŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
- ngeng5 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
- ngêng5 - Jieyang;
- nging5 - Chaoyang.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: ngin
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋrə/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋrɯn/
Definitions
銀
- silver
- silvern; made of silver
- silvery; silver-colored; lustrous; white; shiny
- cash; money; currency
- (Cantonese) coin
- (Cantonese, Teochew, Hainanese, Zhao'an Hakka) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
- 1969, 潘藩, directed by 陸邦, 相思甜如蜜 [My Sweetheart], spoken by 陳維才 (高魯泉 [Ko Lo Chuen]):
- 蔡俊明 , editor (1991), “銀／银 (yín) ngeng˥”, in 潮州方言詞滙／潮州方言词滙 (Cháozhōu fāngyán cíhuì), 香港 : 香港中文大學／香港中文大学
- a surname
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 銀子 (“silver”)
Dialectal synonyms of 錢 (“money”)
Dialectal synonyms of 硬幣 (“coin”)
Dialectal synonyms of 元 (“yuan; dollar”)
Compounds
- 丁銀／丁银
- 中銀／中银
- 俸銀／俸银
- 傾銀罐／倾银罐
- 冒支銀／冒支银
- 包銀／包银 (bāoyín)
- 匯銀／汇银
- 大銀幕／大银幕 (dàyínmù)
- 定銀／定银 (dìngyín)
- 帶徵銀／带征银
- 庫銀／库银
- 戥銀／戥银
- 打祭銀／打祭银
- 插金帶銀／插金带银
- 撥協銀／拨协银
- 收銀機／收银机 (shōuyínjī)
- 本色銀／本色银
- 樣銀／样银
- 氧化銀／氧化银 (yǎnghuàyín)
- 氯化銀／氯化银 (lǜhuàyín)
- 水罐銀盆／水罐银盆
- 水銀／水银 (shuǐyín)
- 水銀柱／水银柱 (shuǐyínzhù)
- 水銀燈／水银灯
- 洋銀／洋银
- 溴化銀／溴化银 (xiùhuàyín)
- 潮銀／潮银
- 火樹銀花／火树银花 (huǒshùyínhuā)
- 爛銀盤／烂银盘 (lànyínpán)
- 瑤臺銀闕／瑶台银阙
- 白銀／白银 (báiyín)
- 白髮銀鬚／白发银须
- 硫化銀／硫化银 (liúhuàyín)
- 硝酸銀／硝酸银 (xiāosuānyín)
- 硫酸銀／硫酸银 (liúsuānyín)
- 碘化銀／碘化银 (diǎnhuàyín)
- 穿金戴銀／穿金戴银 (chuānjīndàiyín)
- 窩脫銀／窝脱银
- 精銀響鈔／精银响钞
- 紋銀／纹银
- 純銀／纯银 (chúnyín)
- 自然銀／自然银
- 花銀／花银
- 荒銀／荒银
- 衣紫腰銀／衣紫腰银
- 課銀／课银
- 贓銀／赃银
- 足銀／足银 (zúyín)
- 輝銀礦／辉银矿
- 金奴銀婢／金奴银婢
- 金銀／金银 (jīnyín)
- 金銀島／金银岛
- 金銀箔／金银箔
- 金銀紙／金银纸 (jīnyínzhǐ)
- 金銀花／金银花 (jīnyínhuā)
- 金頭銀面／金头银面
- 銀價／银价
- 銀元／银元 (yínyuán)
- 銀兩／银两 (yínliǎng)
- 銀刀／银刀
- 銀匠／银匠 (yínjiàng)
- 銀器／银器 (yínqì)
- 銀婚／银婚 (yínhūn)
- 銀子／银子 (yínzi)
- 銀字／银字
- 銀字兒／银字儿
- 銀安殿／银安殿
- 銀山／银山 (yínshān)
- 銀川／银川 (Yínchuān)
- 銀市／银市
- 銀幕／银幕 (yínmù)
- 銀幣／银币 (yínbì)
- 銀座／银座 (Yínzuò)
- 銀庫／银库 (yínkù)
- 銀彈／银弹 (yíndàn)
- 銀揲子／银揲子
- 銀朱／银朱
- 銀杏／银杏 (yínxìng)
- 銀杯／银杯
- 銀杯羽化／银杯羽化
- 銀柳／银柳 (yínliǔ)
- 銀桂／银桂
- 銀根／银根 (yíngēn)
- 銀條菜／银条菜
- 銀樓／银楼 (yínlóu)
- 銀櫃／银柜
- 銀水／银水
- 銀河／银河 (yínhé)
- 銀河倒瀉／银河倒泻
- 銀河座標／银河座标
- 銀河清淺／银河清浅
- 銀河系／银河系 (Yínhéxì)
- 銀洋／银洋 (yínyáng)
- 銀海／银海
- 銀漢／银汉 (yínhàn)
- 銀潢／银潢 (yínhuáng)
- 銀灰／银灰
- 銀灰色／银灰色
- 銀燭／银烛
- 銀爐／银炉
- 銀牌／银牌 (yínpái)
- 銀牌兒／银牌儿
- 銀狐／银狐
- 銀環蛇／银环蛇 (yínhuánshé)
- 銀瓶／银瓶
- 銀甲／银甲
- 銀白／银白 (yínbái)
- 銀白楊／银白杨
- 銀白色／银白色
- 銀盾／银盾
- 銀硃／银朱
- 銀礦／银矿 (yínkuàng)
- 銀票／银票 (yínpiào)
- 銀空山／银空山
- 銀竹／银竹
- 銀管／银管
- 銀箋／银笺
- 銀箭／银箭
- 銀粉／银粉
- 銀紅／银红
- 銀紙／银纸 (yínzhǐ)
- 銀絲／银丝
- 銀絲卷／银丝卷 (yínsījuǎn)
- 銀絲捲／银丝卷 (yínsījuǎn)
- 銀線草／银线草
- 銀耳／银耳 (yín'ěr)
- 銀臺／银台
- 銀色／银色 (yínsè)
- 銀色世界／银色世界
- 銀艾／银艾
- 銀花／银花
- 銀苗／银苗
- 銀號／银号 (yínhào)
- 銀蟾／银蟾
- 銀行／银行 (yínháng)
- 銀角／银角 (yínjiǎo)
- 銀貨兩訖／银货两讫
- 銀質沉著／银质沉著
- 銀輝／银辉
- 銀釭／银𮣲
- 銀鉤／银钩
- 銀鈴般／银铃般
- 銀錠／银锭 (yíndìng)
- 銀錢／银钱 (yínqián)
- 銀闕／银阙
- 銀青／银青
- 銀鞘／银鞘
- 銀髮／银发 (yínfà)
- 銀髮族／银发族
- 銀髮產業／银发产业
- 銀魚／银鱼
- 銀鮫／银鲛 (yínjiāo)
- 銀鴨／银鸭
- 銀黃／银黄
- 銀鼠／银鼠
- 鑲金包銀／镶金包银
- 門攤銀／门摊银
- 阿金溺銀／阿金溺银
- 雪花銀／雪花银
- 響鈔精銀／响钞精银
- 餅銀／饼银
- 餉銀／饷银
- 馬蹄銀／马蹄银
- 鬢如銀絲／鬓如银丝
- 鬢髮如銀／鬓发如银
- 鹵化銀／卤化银 (lǔhuàyín)
Descendants
Others:
- → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *ɲʷi̯ən (“silver”)
- → Lao: ເງິນ (ngœn, “silver, money”)
- → Thai: เงิน (ngən, “silver, money”)
- → Vietnamese: ngần (“silvery white; very white”)
- → Zhuang: ngaenz (“silver, money”)
References
- “銀”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
銀
Readings
- Go-on: ごん (gon)
- Kan-on: ぎん (gin, Jōyō)
- Tō-on: いん (in)
- Kun: しろがね (shirogane, 銀)
- Nanori: うん (un)、かな (kana)、かね (kane)
Compounds
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 銀 |
| ぎん Grade: 3 |
| kan'on |
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| Ag | |
| Previous: パラジウム (parajiumu) (Pd) | |
| Next: カドミウム (kadomiumu) (Cd) | |
From Middle Chinese 銀 (MC ngin). Compare modern Hokkien reading gîn.
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Noun
- silver (lustrous, white, metallic element; symbol Ag)
- Short for 銀貨 (ginka): a silver coin
- Short for 銀色 (gin'iro): silvery, silver-colored
- (shogi) Short for 銀将 (ginshō): a silver general
- (sports, etc.) Short for 銀メダル (gin medaru): a silver medal
- (historical) Short for 丁銀 (chōgin): an Edo-period silver coin in the shape of a sea cucumber
- Short for 銀煙管 (gin kiseru): a silver 煙管 (kiseru, “tobacco pipe”)
- Short for 銀葉 (gin'yō): a censer
- Short for 銀蜻蜓 (gin'yanma): the lesser emperor, Anax parthenope
- any other object made of silver
Derived terms
Derived terms
Affix
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 銀河 (ginka)
- 銀花, 銀華 (ginka)
- 銀貨 (ginka)
- 銀環 (ginkan)
- 銀器 (ginki)
- 銀行 (ginkō)
- 銀座 (Ginza)
- 銀山 (ginzan)
- 銀糸 (ginshi)
- 銀砂 (ginsha)
- 銀色 (ginshoku)
- 銀子 (ginsu)
- 銀製 (ginsei)
- 銀泥 (gindei)
- 銀箔 (ginpaku)
- 銀髪 (ginpatsu)
- 銀盤 (ginban)
- 銀幕 (ginmaku)
- 銀葉 (gin'yō)
- 銀輪 (ginrin)
- 金銀 (kingin)
- 市銀 (shigin)
- 純銀 (jungin)
- 上銀 (jōgin)
- 水銀 (suigin)
- 賃銀 (chingin)
- 都銀 (togin)
- 日銀 (Nichigin)
- 白銀 (hakugin)
- 墨銀 (bokugin)
- 路銀 (rogin)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 銀 |
| しろがね Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
Compound of 白 (shiro, “white”) + 金 (kane, “metal”).
Starting from the Muromachi period, the kane changes to gane due to rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
Noun
- silver (lustrous, white, metallic element)
- silvery, silver-colored
- Synonym: 銀色 (gin'iro)
- a silver thread
- Synonym: 銀糸 (ginshi)
- silver paint or lacquer
- Synonym: 銀泥 (gindei)
- a silver coin
Derived terms
Derived terms
See also
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 銀 |
| かね Grade: 3 |
| nanori |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 金 鉄 銅 |
From Old Japanese.
See 金 (kane).
Pronunciation
Noun
Usage notes
- In former times, silver was the basis for the Japanese economy.
- In modern Japanese, kane is more commonly spelled using the character for gold: 金.
- The money sense is more commonly prefixed with お (o-), as in お金 (o-kane).
Derived terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 銀 (MC ngin).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅌᅳᆫ (Yale: ngùn) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 은 (Yale: ùn) | 은 (Yale: ùn) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
- Phonetic hangul:
Hanja
Compounds
Compounds
References
Okinawan
Kanji
銀
Readings
Compounds
Old Japanese
Etymology
Compound of 白 (siro1, “white”) + 金 (kane, “metal”).
Noun
銀 (siro1kane) (kana しろかね)
- silver (lustrous, white, metallic element)
- 711–712, Kojiki, middle volume (Emperor Chūai):
- 於是大后歸レ神、言教覺詔者：「西方有レ國、金銀爲レ本、目之炎耀種種珍寶多在レ其-國。吾今歸二賜レ其-國一。」
- At this the Queen Consort was possessed by the gods who revealed to them the following command: “In the west there is a land of many rare and dazzling treasures beginning with gold and silver. I will now bestow it upon you.”[1]
-
- 銀母金母玉母奈爾世武爾麻佐禮留多可良古爾斯迦米夜母
- siro1kane mo kugane mo tama mo nani semu ni masareru takara ko1 ni shikame2 ya mo
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Descendants
- Japanese: 銀 (shirokane → shirogane)
See also
References
Tày
Han character
銀 (transliteration needed)
References
- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội