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Traditional | 閒 |
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Simplified | 闲 |
Japanese | 閑 |
Korean | 閑 |
閒 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日弓月 (ANB), four-corner 77227, composition ⿵門月)
Historical forms of the character 閒 | ||
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Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 門 (“door”) + 月 (“moon”) – moonlight peeking through a door – interstice; space (original character of 間).
trad. | 閒/閑* | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 闲* | |
nonstandard simp. | 𫔮 |
Karlgren (1957) and Baxter (1992) connect this word with 間 (OC *kreːn, “interstice time”).
Alternatively, Pulleyblank (1973) suggests that it is cognate with 暇 (OC *ɡraːs, “to be at leisure”).
Schuessler (2007) considers this unrelated to 間 (OC *kreːn, *kreːns), and instead proposes that this is borrowed from Tai languages, akin to Thai คร้าน (kráan, “lazy; indolent”). 懶 (OC *raːnʔ, “lazy”) may be a colloquial reflex of the same word (ibid.).
Variety | Location | 閒 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕian³⁵/ |
Harbin | /ɕian²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /ɕian⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /ɕiã⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /ɕiã⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ɕian⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /xã²⁴/ | |
Xining | /ɕiã²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ɕian⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ɕian⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /xiɛn²¹³/ 休~ /xan²¹³/ 不得~ | |
Chengdu | /ɕian³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /ɕian²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ɕiɛ̃³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ɕien²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ɕiĩ⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕie¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ɕiɑŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ɕie³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ɦe²³/ /ɦie²³/ /ɦi²³/ |
Suzhou | /ɦiɪ¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɦiẽ̞²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ɦa³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ɕie⁴⁴/ /xɛ⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /xɔ⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /xan¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /ɦan¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /han²⁴/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /han¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /hɑn¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /han²¹/ |
Nanning | /hɛn²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /han²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ham³⁵/ /hiŋ³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ɛiŋ⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /aiŋ²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /õi⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /haŋ³¹/ /ai³¹/ |
閒
For pronunciation and definitions of 閒 – see 間 (“among; between; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 間). |
閒 • (han, gan) (hangeul 한, 간, revised han, gan, McCune–Reischauer han, kan, Yale han, kan)
閒: Hán Nôm readings: gian, nhàn, gián
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