音読

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
音 読
おん
Grade: 1 		どく
Grade: 2
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
音讀 (kyūjitai)

Probably coined in Japan of elements borrowed from Middle Chinese, as a compound of 音 (on, “sound”) +‎ 読 (doku, “reading”).

Pronunciation

Noun

音(おん)読(どく) • (ondoku) 

  1. reading aloud
  2. the reading of a Japanese word written in kanji that is roughly based on the pronunciation of the kanji characters in the originating Chinese dialect at the time the word was introduced into Japanese
Antonyms

Verb

音(おん)読(どく)する • (ondoku suru) transitive suru (stem 音(おん)読(どく)し (ondoku shi), past 音(おん)読(どく)した (ondoku shita))

  1. to read aloud
  2. to read a Japanese word written in kanji using the pronunciation based on the original Chinese pronunciation
Conjugation
Conjugation of "音読する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 音読し おんどくし ondoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 音読し おんどくし ondoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 音読する おんどくする ondoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 音読する おんどくする ondoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 音読すれ おんどくすれ ondoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 音読せよ¹
音読しろ² 		おんどくせよ¹
おんどくしろ² 		ondoku seyo¹
ondoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 音読される おんどくされる ondoku sareru
Causative 音読させる
音読さす 		おんどくさせる
おんどくさす 		ondoku saseru
ondoku sasu
Potential 音読できる おんどくできる ondoku dekiru
Volitional 音読しよう おんどくしよう ondoku shiyō
Negative 音読しない おんどくしない ondoku shinai
Negative continuative 音読せず おんどくせず ondoku sezu
Formal 音読します おんどくします ondoku shimasu
Perfective 音読した おんどくした ondoku shita
Conjunctive 音読して おんどくして ondoku shite
Hypothetical conditional 音読すれば おんどくすれば ondoku sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Antonyms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
音 読
おん
Grade: 1 		よ(み)
Grade: 2
jūbakoyomi
Alternative spelling
音讀 (kyūjitai)

Compound of 音 (on, “sound”) +‎ 読み (yomi, “reading”). Originally referred to the sounds (i.e. pronunciations) to use when reading Chinese text, as opposed to the meanings of these Chinese words in Japanese (called 訓読み (kun'yomi) or 訓読 (kundoku)).

Rare alternate for 音読み, leaving the okurigana み implied.

For pronunciation and definitions of 音読 – see the following entry.
【音読おんよみ】
(linguistics) the reading of a Japanese word written in kanji that is roughly based on the pronunciation of the kanji characters in the originating Chinese lect at the time the word was introduced into Japanese
to use the on'yomi of a word, to read a word using the pronunciation based on the original Chinese pronunciation
(This term, 音読, is an alternative spelling (implied okurigana) of the above term.)

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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