. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
you have here. The definition of the word
will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order
Han character
飯 (Kangxi radical 184, 食 +4, 13 strokes in Chinese , 12 strokes in Japanese , cangjie input 人戈竹水 (OIHE ), four-corner 81747 , composition ⿰飠 反 (G H T J V ) or ⿰𩙿 反 (K ))
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 1417 , character 27
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44064
Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 21
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4444, character 5
Unihan data for U+98EF
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
扳
*praːn, *pʰraːn
板
*praːnʔ
版
*praːnʔ
瓪
*praːnʔ, *paːnʔ
昄
*praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑
*praːnʔ
蝂
*praːnʔ
眅
*pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ
阪
*braːnʔ, *panʔ
魬
*braːnʔ
粄
*paːnʔ
反
*panʔ, *pʰan
返
*panʔ
坂
*panʔ
畈
*pans
販
*pans
汳
*pʰans
飯
*bonʔ, *bons
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *bonʔ, *bons ) : semantic 食 ( “ food ” ) + phonetic 反 ( OC *panʔ, *pʰan) .
Etymology 1
Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *puuŋ ( “ cooked rice ” ) , whence Mon ပုၚ် ( pɜŋ , “ cooked rice ” ) (Ferlus, 1988 ).
Pronunciation 1 is the exopassive derivation of pronunciation 2, meaning "what is eaten" (Schuessler, 2007 ).
Pronunciation 1
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : fàn (fan4 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄈㄢˋ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : fan4
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : фан (fan, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : faan6
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : fan5
Gan (Wiktionary ) : fan5
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : fan
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : fan4
Jin (Wiktionary ) : fan3
Northern Min (KCR ) : būing
Eastern Min (BUC ) : buông / huáng
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : pn̄g / pňg / pūiⁿ / hoān
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : bung7 / beng7 / huêng6 / huang6 / huam6
Wu (Shanghai , Wugniu ) : 6 ve
Xiang (Changsha , Wiktionary ) : fan5 / fan4
Note : "noodles", "rice" in components, e.g. мифан (
米飯 ).
Note :
buông - colloquial;
huáng - literary.
Southern Min
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Jinjiang , Taipei , Kaohsiung , Tainan , Sanxia , Kinmen , Magong , Hsinchu , Taichung , Singapore , Philippines )
(Hokkien : Lukang )
(Hokkien : Zhangzhou , Zhangpu , Yilan , Penang , Medan )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou , General Taiwanese )
Note :
pn̄g/pňg/pūiⁿ - colloquial;
hoān - literary.
(Teochew )
Peng'im : bung7 / beng7 / huêng6 / huang6 / huam6
Pe̍h-ōe-jī -like : pūng / pṳ̄ng / huĕng / huăng / huăm
Sinological IPA (key ) : /puŋ¹¹/, /pɯŋ¹¹/, /hueŋ³⁵/, /huaŋ³⁵/, /huam³⁵/
Note :
bung7 - vernacular (Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai);
beng7 - vernacular (Jieyang, Chaoyang, Raoping);
huêng6 - literary (Chaozhou);
huang6 - literary (Shantou, Chenghai, Raoping);
huam6 - literary (Jieyang, Chaoyang).
Note :
fan5 - vernacular;
fan4 - literary.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
飯
Reading #
2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
fàn
Middle Chinese
‹ bjonH ›
Old Chinese
/*boʔ-s/
English
cooked rice or millet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
飯
Reading #
2/2
No.
2977
Phonetic component
反
Rime group
元
Rime subdivision
3
Corresponding MC rime
飯
Old Chinese
/*bons/
Definitions
飯
any cooked grain ( rice , millet , etc.)
小米 飯 / 小米 饭 ― xiǎomǐ fàn ― cooked millet
( particularly ) cooked rice (Classifier : 碗 m c h mn )
糯米 飯 / 糯米 饭 [Cantonese ] ― no6 mai5 faan6 ― (cooked) sticky rice
你 要 吃 飯 還是 吃 麵 ? [MSC , trad. ] 你 要 吃 饭 还是 吃 面 ? [MSC , simp. ] Nǐ yào chī fàn háishì chī miàn? Do you want to eat rice or noodles?
meal (Classifier : 頓 / 顿 m mn ; 餐 m c )
早飯 / 早饭 ― zǎofàn ― breakfast
( dialectal ) noodles
( Mainland China Hokkien ) egg clusters shaped like rice balls ( of some animals )
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
米飯 (“cooked rice”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
飯
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
米飯 , 飯
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
米飯 , 飯
Taiwan
飯 , 米飯
Ulanhot
米飯
Tongliao
米飯
Chifeng
米飯 , 乾飯
Hulunbuir (Hailar)
米飯
Harbin
米飯 , 乾飯 , 飯
Malaysia
飯
Singapore
飯
Jilu Mandarin
Jinan
乾飯 , 大米乾飯 , 米飯
Jiaoliao Mandarin
Yantai (Muping)
乾飯 , 米飯 , 大米乾飯
Qingdao
乾飯
Central Plains Mandarin
Luoyang
大米飯 , 大米乾飯 , 米飯
Wanrong
大米飯 , 米飯
Zhengzhou
米飯
Xi'an
米飯
Xining
大米飯
Xuzhou
米飯 , 大米乾飯 , 乾飯
Lanyin Mandarin
Yinchuan
乾飯 , 稻米乾飯
Bayanhot
乾飯
Lanzhou
大米飯 , 米飯
Ürümqi
乾飯 , 米飯
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
乾飯 , 飯 , 𩛲𩛲 childish
Wuhan
乾飯 , 飯
Guiyang
飯
Guilin
米飯
Liuzhou
飯 , 米飯
Jianghuai Mandarin
Nanjing
飯 , 米飯 , 乾飯
Yangzhou
飯
Nantong
米飯
Hefei
乾飯 , 飯
Huanggang
飯
Cantonese
Guangzhou
飯
Hong Kong
飯
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
飯
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
飯
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
飯
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
飯
Macau
飯 , 阿囡薯
Guangzhou (Panyu)
飯
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
飯
Guangzhou (Conghua)
飯
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
飯
Foshan
飯
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
飯
Foshan (Shunde)
飯
Foshan (Sanshui)
飯
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
飯
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
飯
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
飯
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
飯
Zhuhai (Doumen)
飯
Jiangmen (Baisha)
飯
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
飯
Taishan
飯
Kaiping (Chikan)
飯
Enping (Niujiang)
飯
Heshan (Yayao)
飯
Dongguan
飯
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
飯
Shaoguan
飯
Yunfu
飯
Yangjiang
飯
Xinyi
飯
Lianjiang
飯
Nanning
飯
Wuzhou
飯
Yulin
飯
Hepu (Lianzhou)
飯
Beihai
飯
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
飯
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
飯
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
飯
Danzhou
飯
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
飯
Penang (Guangfu)
飯
Singapore (Guangfu)
飯
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
飯
Móng Cái
飯
Gan
Nanchang
飯
Lichuan
飯
Pingxiang
飯
Hakka
Meixian
飯
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
飯
Dongguan (Qingxi)
飯
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
飯
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
飯
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
飯
Yudu
飯
Shicheng
飯
Shangyou (Shexi)
飯
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
飯
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
飯
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
飯
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
飯
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
飯
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
飯
Hong Kong
飯
Luchuan (Daqiao)
大米飯
Senai (Huiyang)
飯
Kuching (Hepo)
飯
Singkawang
飯
Huizhou
Jixi
飯
Shexian
飯
Huangshan (Tunxi)
飯
Xiuning
飯
Yixian
飯
Qimen
飯
Wuyuan
飯
Jin
Taiyuan
大米飯 , 米飯
Pingyao
大米飯 , 米飯
Xinzhou
米飯
Taibus (Baochang)
米飯
Linhe
米飯
Jining
白米飯
Hohhot
米飯
Baotou
白米飯
Dongsheng
米飯
Haibowan
燜飯
Northern Min
Jian'ou
飯
Jian'ou (Dikou)
飯
Zhenghe (Zhenqian)
白飯
Pucheng (Shibei)
早米飯
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
飯
Fuqing
飯
Southern Min
Xiamen
飯
Xiamen (Tong'an)
飯
Quanzhou
飯
Zhangzhou
飯
Taipei
飯
New Taipei (Sanxia)
飯
Kaohsiung
飯
Yilan
飯
Changhua (Lukang)
飯 , 糜
Taichung
飯
Tainan
飯
Hsinchu
飯
Kinmen
飯
Penghu (Magong)
飯
Penang (Hokkien)
飯
Singapore (Hokkien)
飯
Manila (Hokkien)
飯
Zhangping (Yongfu)
飯
Datian
飯
Pingnan (Shangdu)
飯
Chaozhou
飯
Shantou
飯
Bangkok (Teochew)
飯
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
飯
Singapore (Teochew)
飯
Leizhou
飯
Wenchang
飯 , 糜
Haikou
飯 , 糜
Qionghai
飯 , 糜
Singapore (Hainanese)
飯
Puxian Min
Putian
暝
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)
暝
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)
飯
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)
米暝
Xianyou
暝
Xianyou (Fengting)
暝
Xianyou (Youyang)
暝
Zhongshan Min
Zhongshan (Sanxiang)
飯
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
飯 , 米飯 , 大米飯
Northern Pinghua
Guilin (Dahe)
米飯
Shehua
Fuding
焦飯
Luoyuan
飯
Sanming
飯
Shunchang
飯
Guixi (Zhangping)
飯
Cangnan
飯
Jingning (Hexi)
飯
Lishui
飯
Longyou
飯
Chaozhou
焦飯
Fengshun
飯
Wu
Shanghai
飯 , 白米飯
Shanghai (Chongming)
米飯 , 飯
Suzhou
飯
Wuxi
飯
Danyang
飯
Hangzhou
飯
Ningbo
飯
Wenzhou
飯 , 白米飯 , 米飯 , 燥飯
Jinhua
飯
Xiang
Changsha
飯
Loudi
飯
Shuangfeng
飯
Quanzhou
飯
Dialectal synonyms of
麵條 (“noodle”)
Variety
Location
Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
麵條 , 麵
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
麵條兒 , 麵
Taiwan
麵條 , 麵
Harbin
麵條兒
Malaysia
麵
Singapore
麵
Jilu Mandarin
Jinan
麵條兒 , 麵
Jiaoliao Mandarin
Yantai (Muping)
麵
Central Plains Mandarin
Luoyang
麵條兒 , 麵
Wanrong
飯
Xi'an
麵
Xining
麵條兒
Xuzhou
麵條兒 , 麵條子
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
麵 , 飯
Lanyin Mandarin
Yinchuan
麵條子 , 麵
Lanzhou
麵條子
Ürümqi
麵條子 , 麵
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
麵
Wuhan
麵 , 麵條
Guiyang
麵
Liuzhou
麵條 , 麵
Jianghuai Mandarin
Nanjing
麵 , 麵條
Yangzhou
麵
Hefei
麵條 , 麵
Cantonese
Guangzhou
麵
Hong Kong
麵
Dongguan
麵
Yangjiang
麵
Beihai
麵條
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
麵條
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
麵條
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
麵條
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
麵
Penang (Guangfu)
麵
Singapore (Guangfu)
麵
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
麵
Móng Cái
麵條
Yangon (Taishan)
麵
Mandalay (Taishan)
麵
Gan
Nanchang
麵
Lichuan
麵
Pingxiang
麵
Hakka
Meixian
麵 , 麵條
Yudu
麵
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
麵
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
麵
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
麵
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
大麵 , 麵
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
麵
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
大麵
Huizhou
Jixi
麵
Jin
Taiyuan
麵條子 , 麵條 , 麵
Xinzhou
麵條子 , 條條子麵 , 條子麵 , 麵
Northern Min
Jian'ou
麵
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
麵
Southern Min
Xiamen
麵
Quanzhou
麵
Jinjiang
麵
Shishi
麵
Yongchun
麵奇
Zhangzhou
麵
Yilan
麵
Penang (Hokkien)
麵
Singapore (Hokkien)
麵
Manila (Hokkien)
麵
Chaozhou
麵
Shantou
麵
Singapore (Teochew)
麵
Haikou
麵 , 麵條
Zhongshan Min
Zhongshan (Sanxiang)
麵
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
麵
Wu
Shanghai
麵 , 麵條
Shanghai (Chongming)
麵
Suzhou
麵
Danyang
麵
Hangzhou
麵
Ningbo
麵
Wenzhou
麵
Jinhua
麵
Xiang
Changsha
麵
Shuangfeng
麵
Pronunciation 2
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
飯
Reading #
1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
fàn
Middle Chinese
‹ bjonX ›
Old Chinese
/*boʔ/
English
eat
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
飯
Reading #
1/2
No.
2976
Phonetic component
反
Rime group
元
Rime subdivision
3
Corresponding MC rime
飯
Old Chinese
/*bonʔ/
Definitions
飯
( obsolete ) to eat
( obsolete ) to give food to; to let someone eat ; to feed
Compounds
Etymology 2
Borrowed from English fan . Doublet of 粉絲 / 粉丝 (fěnsī ).
Pronunciation
Definitions
飯
( neologism , slang ) fans
Synonyms
fan屎 ( neologism, slang, humorous, derogatory ) 愛好家 / 爱好家 ( àihàojiā ) 愛好者 / 爱好者 ( àihàozhě ) 業餘者 / 业余者 ( yèyúzhě ) 番薯 ( fānshǔ ) 發燒友 / 发烧友 ( fāshāoyǒu ) 粉絲 / 粉丝 ( fěnsī ) ( informal ) 迷 ( mí ) ( used as a suffix )
Compounds
References
Japanese
Shinjitai
飯
Kyūjitai [ 1]
飯 飯
or飯 +︀
?
飯󠄀 飯 +󠄀
? (Adobe-Japan1 )
飯󠄄 飯 +󠄄
? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.
Kanji
飯
(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji , shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 飯 )
cooked grains ( rice , etc.)
meal
Readings
Go-on : ぼん ( bon , 飯 )
Kan-on : はん ( han , 飯 )
Kun : いい ( ī , 飯 ) ←いひ ( ifi , 飯 , historical ) 、くらう ( ku rau , 飯らう ) ←くらふ ( ku rafu , 飯らふ , historical ) 、くらわす ( ku rawasu , 飯らわす ) ←くらはす ( ku rafasu , 飯らはす , historical ) 、まま ( mama , 飯 ) 、まんま ( manma , 飯 ) 、めし ( meshi , 飯 , Jōyō )
Nanori : いい ( ī , 飯 )
Compounds
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium .)
Pronunciation
Noun
飯( はん ) • (han )
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
Etymology 2
⟨ipi1 ⟩ → */ipʲi/ → /ifi/ → /iwi/ → /iː/
From Old Japanese , also used as 借音 ( shakuon ) kana for ⟨pi1 ⟩ .
Pronunciation
Noun
飯( いい ) • (ī ) ←いひ ( ifi ) ?
( archaic ) cooked grains , especially cooked rice
Derived terms
Proper noun
飯( いい ) • (Ī ) ←いひ ( ifi ) ?
a surname
Etymology 3
The 連用形 ( ren'yōkei , “ stem or continuative form ” ) of verb 召す ( mesu , “ to call ” ) .[ 2]
Pronunciation
Noun
飯( めし ) • (meshi )
cooked grains , especially cooked rice
( informal ) a meal
飯( めし ) を食( く ) うmeshi o kuueat a meal
Usage notes
This is an informal way to refer to food, and 食う ( kuu ) is a correspondingly informal way to say "eat ".
Derived terms
Proper noun
飯( めし ) • (Meshi )
a surname
Etymology 4
Clipping of 旨旨 ( umauma , “ food ” , baby talk ) .[ 5]
Pronunciation
Noun
飯( まま ) • (mama )
( Tsugaru ) cooked rice
( childish ) Alternative form of 飯 ( manma )
Derived terms
飯借り ( mamakari )
飯事 ( mamagoto )
飯子菜 ( mamakona )
飯焚き ( mamataki )
Etymology 5
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium .)
Compare Korean 맘마 ( mamma ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
飯( まんま ) or 飯( まま ) • (manma or mama )
( childish ) cooked rice
Derived terms
赤飯 ( aka manma ) , 赤の飯 ( aka no manma )
御飯 ( o-manma )
猫飯 ( neko manma )
References
^ “飯 ”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia ] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation , 2015–2024
↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 [Daijirin ] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo : Sanseidō , →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974 ), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten ] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo : Sanseidō
^ Hirayama, Teruo , editor (1960 ), 全国アクセント辞典 ( Zenkoku Akusento Jiten , “ Nationwide Accent Dictionary ” ) (in Japanese), Tōkyō : Tōkyōdō , →ISBN
^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988 ) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition) ] (in Japanese), Tōkyō : Shogakukan , →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
飯 (eumhun 밥 반 ( bap ban ) )
hanja form? of 반 ( “ meal , rice ” )
Compounds
Vietnamese
Han character
飯 : Hán Nôm readings: phạn [ 1] [ 2] , phằn
rice
References