鬼火
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鬼火 (onibi): a 1712 illustration of a will o' the wisp.
Chinese
| ghost | fire | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (鬼火) | 鬼 | 火 | |
| simp. #(鬼火) | 鬼 | 火 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gwai2 fo2
- Gan (Wiktionary): 'gui3 fo3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kúi-fó
- Jin (Wiktionary): gui2 hue2
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kúi-hé
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟˇ ㄏㄨㄛˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guěihuǒ
- Wade–Giles: kuei3-huo3
- Yale: gwěi-hwǒ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goeihuoo
- Palladius: гуйхо (gujxo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟˇ ㄏㄨㄛˇㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guěihuǒr
- Wade–Giles: kuei3-huo3-ʼrh
- Yale: gwěi-hwǒr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goeihuool
- Palladius: гуйхор (gujxor)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯ɔɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gwai2 fo2
- Yale: gwái fó
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwai2 fo2
- Guangdong Romanization: guei2 fo2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷɐi̯³⁵ fɔː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: 'gui3 fo3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˈkui²¹³⁻²⁴ fo²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kúi-fó
- Hakka Romanization System: guiˋ foˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gui3 fo3
- Sinological IPA: /ku̯i³¹ fo³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: gui2 hue2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /kuei⁵³⁻¹¹ xuɤ⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kúi-hé
- Tâi-lô: kuí-hé
- Phofsit Daibuun: kuy'hea
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ he⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
Noun
鬼火
- will o' the wisp; ignis fatuus (Classifier: 團／团 m)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 磷火 (“will o' the wisp; ignis fatuus”)
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 鬼火 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 磷火, 鬼火 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 鬼火兒 |
| Taiwan | 磷火, 鬼火 | |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 鬼燈籠兒 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 鬼火 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 鬼火 |
| Lichuan | 鬼打燈, 鬼火 | |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 鬼火, 伯公火, 陰火 |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 鬼火 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 鬼火, 伯公火, 陰火 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 鬼火, 伯公火, 陰火 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 鬼火, 伯公火, 陰火 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 鬼火 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 鬼火 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 鬼火 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 鬼仔火, 鬼火 |
| Wu | Danyang | 鬼火 |
| Jinhua | 鬼燈 | |
Compounds
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鬼 | 火 |
| おに Grade: S |
ひ > び Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi | |
Etymology
Compound of 鬼 (oni, “ghost, devil”) + 火 (hi, “fire”).[1][2][3][4] The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
Noun
Proper noun
- short for 鬼火焚 (Onibitaki), a fire matsuri (Japanese festival) held around Kyūshū on 7 (in some places, 14) January
Synonyms
- (January fire festivals, not just in Kyūshū):
- (fire festival in general): 火祭り (himatsuri)
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN