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鯉. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
鯉, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
鯉 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
鯉 you have here. The definition of the word
鯉 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
鯉, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
Stroke order
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Stroke order (Japan)
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鯉 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+7, 18 strokes, cangjie input 弓火田土 (NFWG), four-corner 26314, composition ⿰魚里)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1471, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46182
- Dae Jaweon: page 2003, character 34
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4691, character 9
- Unihan data for U+9BC9
Chinese
Glyph origin
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Old Chinese
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埋
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*mrɯː
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霾
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*mrɯː
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薶
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*mrɯː
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榸
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*ʔr'ɯː
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厘
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*rɯ
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狸
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*rɯ
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貍
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*p·rɯ
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梩
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*rɯ
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艃
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*rɯ
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里
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*rɯʔ
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理
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*rɯʔ
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鯉
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*rɯʔ
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俚
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*rɯʔ
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悝
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*rɯʔ, *km̥ʰlɯː
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娌
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*rɯʔ
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裏
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*rɯʔ
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荲
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*r̥ʰɯɡ, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *rɯʔ) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 里 (OC *rɯʔ).
Etymology
Schuessler (2007) considers connection to Proto-Tai *plaːᴬ (“fish”) to be unlikely.
Norman (2014) compares it to Proto-Kam-Tai *mbləi (“carp”), suggesting that it may be an early loan from Chinese; compare Thai ปลาไน (nai, “common carp”), Lakkia (-plai⁴, “carp”).
See the entry 雙鯉魚 for the figurative senses.
Pronunciation
Note:
- dì - vernacular;
- lǐ - literary.
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Yilan, Magong)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Taichung, Hsinchu)
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
Note:
- lí - literary;
- lē/lě, tāi/tai/tâi/tǎi - vernacular (often written as 鮘 or 𩸙).
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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鯉
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Reading #
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1/1
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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lǐ
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Middle Chinese
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‹ liX ›
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Old Chinese
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/*mə-rəʔ/
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English
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carp (n.)
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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鯉
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Reading #
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1/1
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No.
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7828
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Phonetic component
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里
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Rime group
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之
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Rime subdivision
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0
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Corresponding MC rime
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里
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Old Chinese
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/*rɯʔ/
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Definitions
鯉
- carp, especially the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
- (literary, figuratively) letter; correspondence
- (literary, figuratively) messenger
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
鯉魚 (“carp”)
Variety
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Location
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Words
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Classical Chinese
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鯉
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Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
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鯉魚, 鯉
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Taxonomic name
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鯉
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Northeastern Mandarin
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Beijing
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鯉魚
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Taiwan
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鯉魚
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Harbin
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鯉子, 鯉魚
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Singapore
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鯉魚
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Jilu Mandarin
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Tianjin
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拐子
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Jinan
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鯉魚
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Jiaoliao Mandarin
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Yantai (Muping)
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鯉魚
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Central Plains Mandarin
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Luoyang
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鯉魚
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Xi'an
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鯉魚
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Xining
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鯉魚
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Xuzhou
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鯉魚, 紅魚
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Lanyin Mandarin
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Yinchuan
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鯉魚
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Lanzhou
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鯉魚
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Ürümqi
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鯉魚
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Southwestern Mandarin
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Chengdu
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鯉魚
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Wuhan
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鯉魚
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Guiyang
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鯉魚
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Liuzhou
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鯉魚
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Jianghuai Mandarin
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Nanjing
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鯉魚
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Yangzhou
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鯉魚, 龍魚, 花魚
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Hefei
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鯉魚
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Cantonese
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Guangzhou
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鯉魚
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Hong Kong
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鯉魚
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Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
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鯉魚
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Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
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鯉魚
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Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
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鯉魚
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Dongguan
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鯉魚
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Yangjiang
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鯉魚
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Gan
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Nanchang
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鯉魚
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Lichuan
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鯉魚
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Pingxiang
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鯉魚
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Hakka
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Meixian
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鯉魚, 鯉仔
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Yudu
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鯉魚, 鯉子
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Miaoli (N. Sixian)
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鯉仔, 鯉嫲
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Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
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鯉仔, 鯉嫲
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Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
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鯉仔, 鯉嫲
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Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
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鯉魚, 鯉嫲
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Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
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鯉仔, 鯉嫲
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Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
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鯉
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Hong Kong
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鯉嫲
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Huizhou
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Jixi
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鯉魚
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Jin
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Taiyuan
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鯉魚
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Xinzhou
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鯉魚
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Northern Min
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Jian'ou
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鯉仔
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Eastern Min
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Fuzhou
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鯉魚
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Southern Min
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Xiamen
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鯉魚, 鮘魚
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Xiamen (Tong'an)
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鮘魚
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Quanzhou
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鯉魚
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Jinjiang
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鮘魚
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Yongchun
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鮘魚
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Zhangzhou
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鮘仔魚, 鮘仔, 鯉魚
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Taipei
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鮘魚
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Taipei (Wanhua)
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鮘仔
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New Taipei (Sanxia)
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鮘仔
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Kaohsiung
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鮘仔, 鯉魚, 鮘仔魚
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Yilan
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鮘魚, 鯉魚, 鮘仔魚
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Changhua (Lukang)
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鮘魚, 鯉魚
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Taichung
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烏鮘仔, 鯉魚, 鮘仔魚
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Taichung (Wuqi)
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鮘仔魚
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Tainan
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鮘仔魚, 鯉魚, 鮘仔
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Taitung
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鮘仔
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Hsinchu
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鯉魚, 鮘仔, 鮘仔魚
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Kinmen
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鯉魚
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Penghu (Magong)
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鮘魚, 鯉魚
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Chaozhou
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鯉魚
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Haikou
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鯉魚
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Puxian Min
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Putian
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鯉魚
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Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)
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鯉魚
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Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)
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鯉魚
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Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)
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鯉魚
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Xianyou
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鯉魚
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Xianyou (Fengting)
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鯉魚
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Xianyou (Youyang)
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鯉魚
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Southern Pinghua
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Nanning (Tingzi)
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鯉魚
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Wu
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Shanghai
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鯉魚, 元寶魚
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Shanghai (Chongming)
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鯉魚
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Suzhou
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鯉魚
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Danyang
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鯉魚
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Hangzhou
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鯉魚, 鯉拐兒
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Ningbo
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元寶魚, 鯉魚
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Wenzhou
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鯉魚
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Jinhua
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鯉魚
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Xiang
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Changsha
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鯉魚, 鯉滑子
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Loudi
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鯉魚
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Shuangfeng
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鯉魚
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Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
鯉
(Jinmeiyō kanji)
Readings
Compounds
Etymology
/ko1pi1/ → /kopi/ → /kofi/ → */kowi/ → /koi/
From Old Japanese, attested in the Nihon Shoki.
Pronunciation
Noun
鯉 or 鯉 • (koi) ←こひ (kofi) or コヒ (kofi)?
- carp, specifically, the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Usage notes
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as コイ.
Synonyms
Derived terms
See also
Proper noun
鯉 • (Koi) ←こひ (Kofi)?
- a surname
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
鯉 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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Vietnamese
Han character
鯉: Hán Nôm readings: lí
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.