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See also:
U+9DF9, 鷹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9DF9

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 196, +13, 24 strokes, cangjie input 戈土竹日火 (IGHAF), four-corner 00227, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1501, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47377
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2031, character 26
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4666, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+9DF9

Chinese

trad.
simp.
2nd round simp. ⿰应鸟
alternative forms

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *qɯŋ) : phonetic (OC *qɯŋ, eagle; hawk) + semantic (bird).

Etymology

This word is possibly related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-la(ŋ/k) (bird of prey), which is likely a loan from Proto-Mon-Khmer *laŋ ~ *laaŋ ~ *laiŋ (large raptor) > Proto-Bahnaric *klaːŋ (hawk), Proto-Palaungic *klaːŋ (kite), Mon လနေၚ် (kite), Khmer ខ្លែង (khlaeng, kite); within Tibeto-Burman, compare Tibetan གླག (glag, eagle; vulture), Burmese လင်းတ (lang:ta., vulture), Jingpho lang (bird of the falcon family) (Benedict, 1972; STEDT).

This word agrees better with Tibetan སྐྱིང་སེར (skying ser, eagle; vulture) if the Old Chinese is reconstructed as *s-ki̯əŋ (Benedict, 1990; Schuessler, 2007); Benedict (1976) reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kiŋ for this, which Benedict (1990) suggests is the native Sino-Tibetan root.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (34)
Final () (133)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter 'ing
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔɨŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔɨŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔieŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔiŋ/
Li
Rong
/ʔiəŋ/
Wang
Li
/ĭəŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔi̯əŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jing1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yīng
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔing ›
Old
Chinese
/*(r)əŋ/
English eagle, falcon

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 15347
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qɯŋ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. a bird of prey of Accipitriformes (eagles, hawks, kites, vultures), Falconiformes (falcons) or Strigiformes (owls)
    禿  ―  yīng  ―  vulture
      ―  quèyīng  ―  sparrowhawk
    貓頭猫头  ―  māotóuyīng  ―  owl

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. eagle
  2. falcon
  3. hawk

Readings

  • Go-on: おう (ō)
  • Kan-on: よう ()
  • Kun: たか (taka, )くち (kuchi, )

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
たか
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

From Old Japanese.[1] Compare Ainu タカ (taka, hawk).

Pronunciation

Noun

(たか) or (タカ) (taka

  1. a hawk (predatory bird)

Usage notes

  • As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as タカ.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
くち
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
くち
: (obsolete) hawk
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

  1. ^ Frellesvig, Bjarke, Stephen Wright Horn, et al. (eds.) (2023) “Old Japanese taka”, in Oxford-NINJAL Corpus of Old Japanese
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun (mae eung))

  1. hawk; falcon (esp. the peregrine or gyrfalcon)

Vietnamese

Han character

Readings

: Hán Việt readings: ưng
: Nôm readings: ưng