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See also:
U+9F13, 鼓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F13

CJK Unified Ideographs
U+2FCE, ⿎
KANGXI RADICAL DRUM

Kangxi Radicals

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 207, +0, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土廿十水 (GTJE), four-corner 44147, composition )

  1. Kangxi radical #207, .

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1526, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48330
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2061, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4763, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F13

Chinese

simp. and trad.
2nd round simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : (drum) + (hand holding drumstick). Compare . See also the right component of .

Etymology

Area word; compare Proto-Tai *klɔŋᴬ (drum), Saek (tlɔɔŋᴬ¹), Proto-Hlai *laŋ¹ (drum), Proto-Wa (*kloʔ, "bronze-drum") (Schuessler, 2007).

(OC *kʷaːʔ, “blind man; musician”) is a derivative.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (23)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kuoX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kuoX/
Shao
Rongfen
/koX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kɔX/
Li
Rong
/koX/
Wang
Li
/kuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/kuoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gu2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ kuX ›
Old
Chinese
/*ˁaʔ/
English drum (n. & v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4337
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʷaːʔ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. (music) drum (Classifier: m)
      ―  shǒu  ―  drummer
  2. to drum; to beat a drum
  3. (literary) to play; to perform; to sound (a musical instrument)
  4. to beat; to clap
      ―  zhǎng  ―  to clap hands
  5. to blast hot air for smelting
  6. to incite; to encourage
      ―    ―  to encourage
  7. to protrude; to bulge
  8. a surname

Synonyms

  • (drum): (Hakka) 鼓仔
  • (to protrude):

Hypernyms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: () (ko)
  • Korean: 고(鼓) (go)
  • Vietnamese: cổ ()

(Others):

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. drum

Readings

  • Go-on: (ku)
  • Kan-on: (ko, Jōyō)
  • Kun: つづみ (tsuzumi, , Jōyō)つづみ (tudumi, つづみ, historical)

Compounds

Etymology 1

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
つづみ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

/tudumi1//tudumi//t͡sud͡zumi//t͡suzumi/

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] From Proto-Japonic *tuntumi. Related to Okinawan (chijin).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

(つづみ) (tsuzumi

  1. generic name for musical instruments with a leather head that can be struck.
  2. a tsuzumi, hand drum with leather heads at both ends, used in Japanese traditional performing arts:
    1. a 小鼓 (kotsuzumi)
    2. an 大鼓 (ōtsuzumi)
  3. a style of 家紋 (kamon, family crest), like the leather head of a tsuzumi

Proper noun

(つずみ) (Tsuzumi

  1. a surname

(つづみ) (Tsuzumi

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

Etymology 2

Various nanori readings.

Proper noun

(つつみ) (Tsutsumi

  1. a surname

(ひびき) (Hibiki

  1. a female given name
    from 響き (hibiki, echo)

References

  1. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (buk go))

  1. hanja form? of (drum)

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: cổ

  1. chữ Hán form of cổ (drum).

Compounds