ꜥ

ꜥ U+A725, ꜥ LATIN SMALL LETTER EGYPTOLOGICAL AIN ← Ꜥ Latin Extended-D Ꜧ →

ꜥ (upper case Ꜥ)

1. (Egyptological transliteration) The lowercase letter ayin, used in most Egyptian transliteration schemes to represent the sound of the hieroglyph . The sound value is thought to have been IPA since at least the time of Middle Egyptian, hypothesized by some to have come from earlier *.

• ʿ
• ˤ

Possibly related to Proto-Semitic *yad- (“hand”).

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑː/
  • Conventional anglicization: a

 m

1. arm, hand
   • c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 4:

     wn n⟨.j⟩ ꜥwj.ṯn bntjw

     Open your arms to ⟨me⟩, baboons!

2. ‘hand’ of an animal: hoof of a cow, foot of a crocodile, etc.
3. part, portion
   1. specific measure of a substance such as food, liquid, or myrrh; portion
   2. individual item of something countable, item, piece
   3. pair of something generally found in pairs
4. region
   1. area, region, portion (of a country, piece of land, or building)
   2. region of the sky where something, particularly the sun, is located
5. (chiefly Late Egyptian) state, condition
6. (chiefly Late Egyptian, with following infinitive as a genitive) manner (of doing something, such as moving or flying)

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ  

ꜥ	ꜥ	ꜥ	ꜥwj	ꜥ
		in the sense ‘state’	in the sense ‘state’

• Demotic: ꜥ (“state, condition”)
• Demotic: ⁠ (ꜥ.wy, “arms, portion, pair”)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi, “pair, couple”)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi, “pair, couple”)

Compounded with nj (“of”):

• ⇒ Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲛ- (an-, collective numeral prefix; place-name prefix)
• ⇒ Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲛ- (an-, collective numeral prefix; place-name prefix)

• 𓂝

 m

1. official document, register, record
2. certificate, deed, warrant

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ  

ꜥ

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑː/
  • Conventional anglicization: a

 m

1. dyke

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ  

ꜥ

• Demotic: ꜥ.t

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑː/
  • Conventional anglicization: a

 m

1. (chiefly Late Egyptian) wooden shaft, particularly as a carriage pole or drawbar

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ  

ꜥ

From earlier (ꜥt, “room”), or else a formation from the same root.

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑː/
  • Conventional anglicization: a

 m

1. house

• Demotic: ⁠⁠ (ꜥ.wy, “house”)
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi), ⲏⲉⲓ (ēei)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲏⲉⲓ (ēei)
  • Old Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi), ⲏⲉⲓ (ēei)

• “ꜥ (lemma ID 34360)”, “ꜥ (lemma ID 34410)”, “ꜥ (lemma ID 34390)”, and “ꜥ (lemma ID 34460)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 156.1–157.10, 157.14–158.12, 158.19–159.1, 159.3, 159.7, 159.15
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 36