깨다

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Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄭᆡ〮다〮 (Yale: skóytá).

See also the etymology at Gyeongsang Korean 깨배다 (kkaebaeda).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): ~
    • Audio:(file)
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?kkaeda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?kkaeda
McCune–Reischauer?kkaeda
Yale Romanization?kkāyta

Verb

Korean verb set
Base 깨다 (kkaeda)
Causative깨우다 (kkae'uda)

깨다 (kkaeda) (infinitive or 깨어, sequential 깨니)

  1. (transitive or intransitive) to regain consciousness; to wake up, to awake (from sleep, etc.)
    악몽 때문 에서 깨다 / 깨다
    angmong ttaemun-e jam-eseo kkaeda / jam-eul kkaeda
    to wake up because of a nightmare
    다가 깨니 생시 아득아득하다.
    Ja-daga kkaeni kkum-in-ga saengsi-in-ga adeugadeukhada.
    When I wake up, I don't know if it was a dream or reality.
  2. (intransitive) to wear off, to clear (of alcohol, etc.)
    깬다sur-i kkaendaThe alcohol wears off
  3. (intransitive, figurative) to be enlightened (of a person)
  4. (intransitive, figurative, North Korea) to be enlightened; to be progressive (of a society)
Usage notes
  • (wake up): Typically waking up without having planned to do so. Compare 일어나다 (ireonada, to get up; to wake up to start the day).
Conjugation

Etymology 2

First attested in the Neung'eomgyeong eonhae (楞嚴經諺解 / 능엄경언해), 1461, as Middle Korean ᄢᅢ다〮 (Yale: pskàytá).

Linguist S. Roberts Ramsey suggests that the verb was originally derived from the verb ᄇᆞᅀᆞ (Yale: pozo-, “to break, to shatter”) (> modern 부수다 (busuda)), explaining the unusual /psk-/ initial cluster which is believed to have formed (like other initial Middle Korean clusters) via the dropping of the minimal vowel o in earlier *posok-.

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?kkaeda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?kkaeda
McCune–Reischauer?kkaeda
Yale Romanization?kkayta

Verb

깨다 (kkaeda) (infinitive or 깨어, sequential 깨니)

  1. to break; to smash; to shatter, to crack
  2. to spoil; to disturb; to break
  3. to break or beat a record
Conjugation
See also