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First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean寶妲 (Yale: *pòtól),[1] probably a compound of an ancient root for "daughter" *pòt- + suffix *-ól; compare Jilin leishi丫妲 (Yale: *àtól, “son”), apparently equivalent to *à(N)t- + *-ól.[2]
In the hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Koreanᄯᆞᆯ〮 (Yale: stól). The */p-/ > /s-/ shift is difficult to explain; perhaps it simply "represents an irregular development", or perhaps the expected cluster */pt-/ had already fully merged and was realized in speech only as , which was misanalyzed as the surface realization of the cluster /st-/.[1]
Choi Yeong-Seon believes that the character 寶 in 寶妲 is a corrupted spelling of 實 (Late Middle Chinese */ʑiɪt̚/), and that the true Late Old Korean lexeme should be *sùtól or a similar form. If this is true, the Middle Korean reflex ᄯᆞᆯ〮(stól) would be entirely regular, requiring only the elision of a minimal vowel.[3]