봄

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봄 U+BD04, 봄
HANGUL SYLLABLE BOM
Composition:ㅂ + ㅗ + ㅁ
← 봃
 		Hangul Syllables 봅 →
보복볶볷본볹볺
볻볼볽볾볿봀봁
봂봃봄봅봆봇봈
봉봊봋봌봍봎봏
볘 ←→ 봐

Jeju

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /po̞m/

Noun

봄 (bom)

  1. spring, springtime

See also

Seasons in Jeju · 철 (cheol) (layout · text) · category
봄 (bom, “spring”) ᄋᆢ름 (yawreum, “summer”) ᄀᆞ슬 (gawseul, “fall; autumn”) 저슬 (jeoseul, “winter”)

Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 봄〮 (Yale: pwóm). The etymology beyond Middle Korean is not clear:

  • Middle Korean nouns ending in /-m/ are often substantives of verbs, but the only relevant verb is 보다〮 (Yale: pwò-tá, “to see”), which seems semantically unrelated.
  • Some online sources claim a connection to the element 봄 (Yale: pwom) in the Middle Korean compound verb 봄놀다 (Yale: pwom-nwolta, “to romp; to spring about in play”), whose second element is 놀〯다〮 (Yale: nwǒltá, “to play”). If valid, the semantics would be similar to English spring. It is not clear whether this has been suggested in academia.
However, it appears more likely that 봄 (Yale: pwom) is an allomorph of 봅 (pwop-), nasalized by the following /n/, as indicated by the variant spelling 봅놀다 (pwopnwolta); compare ablaut variant 붑괴다 (Yale: pwup-kwoyta, “to seethe”).[1]
  • It has been tentatively proposed that this is an ancient pre-Sino-Korean borrowing from Old Chinese 芃 (OC *ˤm, “luxuriant growth (of foliage)”).[2]

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?bom
Revised Romanization (translit.)?bom
McCune–Reischauer?pom
Yale Romanization?pom
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 봄의 / 봄에 / 봄까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.

Noun

봄 • (bom)

  1. spring, springtime
    Hypernym: 계절(季節) (gyejeol, “season (of the year)”)
Coordinate terms
Seasons in Korean · 사철 (四철, sacheol), 사계 (四季, sagye, “four seasons”) (layout · text) · category
봄 (bom, “spring”) 여름 (yeoreum, “summer”) 가을 (ga'eul, “fall; autumn”) 겨울 (gyeoul, “winter”)
Derived terms
See also

Etymology 2

See the main entry.

Noun

봄 • (bom)

  1. Substantive form of 보다 (boda, “to see”): seeing

References

  1. ^ 박진호(朴鎭浩) [bakjinho] (2009 September 30) “'봄놀다'와 '붑괴다'에 대한 어원론적 형태 분석 [bomnolda wa bupgoeda e daehan eowollonjeok hyeongtae bunseok]”, in Hyeongtaeron (in Korean), volume 2, number 2, pages 209—214
  2. ^ 김태경 [gimtaegyeong] (2014 December) “상고 중국어 음운현상에서 본 한국어 어원 [sanggo junggugeo eumunhyeonsang'eseo bon han'gugeo eowon]”, in Junggugeo Munhak Nonjip, volume 89, pages 71—90

Middle Korean

Pronunciation

Noun

봄〮 (pwóm) (locative 보ᄆᆡ〮 (pwòm-óy))

  1. spring (season)

Descendants

  • Korean: 봄 (bom)
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