CAS (megszámlálható és megszámlálhatatlan, tsz. CASes)
System | Creator | Development started | First public release | Latest stable version | Latest stable release date | Cost (USD) | License | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Axiom | Richard Jenks | 1977 | 1993 and 2002[1] | Sablon:dts[2] | free | free | General purpose CAS. Continuous Release using Docker Containers | |
Cadabra | Kasper Peeters | 2001 | 2007 | 2.4.0 | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | CAS for tensor field theory |
CoCoA | John Abbott, Anna M. Bigatti, Giovanni Lagorio | 1987 | 1995 | 5.2.0 | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | Specialized CAS for commutative algebra |
Derive | Soft Warehouse | 1979 | 1988 | 6.1 | Sablon:dts | Discontinued | Sablon:proprietary | CAS designed for DOS and Windows microcomputers; it was discontinued in 2007 |
Erable (aka ALGB) | Sablon:ill, Mika Heiskanen, Claude-Nicolas Fiechter | 1993 | 1993 | 4.20060919 | Sablon:dts | free | free | CAS designed for Hewlett-Packard scientific graphing calculators of the HP 48/49/40/50 series; discontinued in 2009 |
Fermat | Robert H. Lewis | 1986 | 1993 | 6.5 | Sablon:dts | $70 if grant money available, otherwise $0 | Sablon:GPL-lic | Specialized CAS for resultant computation and linear algebra with polynomial entries |
FORM | J.A.M. Vermaseren | 1984 | 1989 | 4.3.1 | Sablon:dts[3] | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | CAS designed mainly for particle physics |
FriCAS | Waldek Hebisch | 2007 | 2007 | 1.3.11 | Sablon:dts | free | free | Full-featured general purpose CAS. Especially strong at symbolic integration. |
GAP | GAP Group | 1986 | 1986 | 4.13.1 | Sablon:dts[4] | free | Sablon:GPL-lic[5] | Specialized CAS for group theory and combinatorics. |
GeoGebra CAS | Markus Hohenwarter et al. | 2013 | 6.0.753.0 | Sablon:dts | free[6] | Freeware[6] | Web-based or Desktop CAS Calculator | |
GiNaC | Christian Bauer, Alexander Frink, Richard B. Kreckel, et al. | 1999 | 1999 | 1.8.3 | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | Integrate symbolic computation into C++ programs; no high-level interface, but emphasis on interoperability. |
GNU Octave | John W. Eaton | 1993 | 1994 | 7.3.0 | Sablon:dts | free | free | A high-level programming language for scientific computing and numerical computation mostly compatible with MATLAB |
KANT/KASH | KANT Group | ? | ? | 3 | Sablon:dts/2008 | free | own license | Specialized CAS for algebraic number theory |
LiveMath | MathMonkeys, LLC | 1991 | 1993 | 3.6 | Sablon:dts | $399 (Commercial), $299 (Academic), $199 (Personal Edition), $69 (Student), $29 (Student, 3-Month term)[7] | Sablon:proprietary | More interface than computing power |
Macaulay2 | Daniel Grayson and Michael Stillman | 1992 | 1994 | 1.24.05 | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | Specialized CAS for algebraic geometry and commutative algebra |
Macsyma | MIT Project MAC and Symbolics | 1968 | 1978 | 2.4 | Sablon:dts | $500 | Sablon:proprietary | The oldest general purpose CAS. Still alive as Maxima. |
Magma | University of Sydney | ~1990 | 1993 | 2.27-8 | Sablon:dts | $1,440 | Sablon:proprietary | General purpose CAS, originally specialized in group theory. Works with elements of algebraic structures rather than with non typed mathematical expressions |
Magnus | The New York Group Theory Cooperative | 1994 | 1997 | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | Specialized CAS for group theory providing facilities for doing calculations in and about infinite groups. Discontinued in 2005. | |
Maple | Symbolic Computation Group, University of Waterloo | 1980[8] | 1984 | Sablon:Latest stable software release/Maple | Sablon:dts | $2,390(Commercial), $2,265 (Government), $995 (Academic), $239 (Personal Edition), $99 (Student), $79 (Student, 12-Month term)[9] | Sablon:proprietary | One of the major general purpose CAS |
Mathcad | Parametric Technology Corporation | 1985 | 1985 | 15.0 M045 | Sablon:dts | $1,600 (Commercial), $105 (Student), Free (Express Edition)[10] | Sablon:proprietary | Numerical software with some CAS capabilities |
Mathematica | Wolfram Research | 1986 | 1988 | Sablon:Latest stable software release/Mathematica | Sablon:dts | $2,495 (Professional), $1,095 (Education), $295 (Personal),[11] $140 (Student), $69.95 (Student annual license),[12] free on Raspberry Pi hardware[13] | Sablon:proprietary | One of the major general purpose CAS |
Mathics | Jan Pöschko | 2016 | 2016 | 7.0.0 | Sablon:dts | free | free | Uses Mathematica syntax. |
Mathomatic | George Gesslein II | 1986 | 1987 | 16.0.5 | Sablon:dts | Discontinued | free | Elementary algebra, calculus, complex number and polynomial manipulations. |
Maxima | MIT Project MAC and Bill Schelter et al. | 1967 | 1998 | 5.46.0[14] | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | General purpose CAS. Continuation of Macsyma; new releases occur approximately two times per year. |
MuMATH | Soft Warehouse | 1970s | 1980 | MuMATH-83 | Discontinued | Sablon:proprietary | Predecessor of Derive | |
MuPAD | SciFace Software | 1989 | 2008 | 5.1 | Sablon:dts | Discontinued | Sablon:proprietary | MathWorks has incorporated MuPAD technology into Symbolic Math Toolbox |
OpenAxiom | Gabriel Dos Reis | 2007 | 2007 | 1.4.2 | Sablon:dts | free | free | General purpose CAS. A fork of Axiom. |
PARI/GP | Henri Cohen, Karim Belabas, Bill Allombert et al. | 1985 | 1990 | 2.11.4 | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | Specialized CAS for number theory. |
Reduce | Anthony C. Hearn | 1960s | 1968 | Sablon:dts | free | free | Historically important general purpose CAS. Still alive, as open-sourced and freed in December 2008 | |
SageMath | William A. Stein | 2005 | 2005 | 9.8 | Sablon:dts[15] | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | Mathematics software system combining a number of existing packages, including numerical computation, statistics and image processing |
Scilab | Scilab Enterprises | 1990 | 1990 | 2023.0 | Sablon:dts | free | free | Matlab alternative. |
SICMUtils | Colin Smith, Sam Ritchie | 2014 | 2016 | 0.13.0 | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | Clojure and Clojurescript computer algebra system optimized for classical mechanics and differential geometry investigations. |
SINGULAR | University of Kaiserslautern | 1984 | 1997 | 4-3-0 | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | Computer algebra system for polynomial computations, with special emphasis on commutative and non-commutative algebra, algebraic geometry, and singularity theory. |
SMath Studio | Andrey Ivashov | 2004 | 2006 | 1.0.8348 | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:proprietary | Mathematical notebook program similar to Mathcad. |
Symbolica | Ben Ruijl | 2023 | 2024 | July 2024 | Free for hobbyists - One core and one instance free for non-commercial use - At a cost otherwise | Proprietary but source available | CAS Library written in Rust with Python bindings, focused on performance for large expressions.[16][17][18] | |
Symbolic Manipulation Program | Stephen Wolfram | 1979[19] | 1981 | 1988 | Discontinued | Sablon:proprietary | This software was eventually replaced by Mathematica, and the newer program still retains much of the syntax and functionality of the earlier SMP.[20] | |
Symbolic Math Toolbox (MATLAB) | MathWorks | 1989 | 2008 | 9.4(2018a) | Sablon:dts | $3,150 (Commercial), $99 (Student Suite), $700 (Academic), $194 (Home) including required Matlab | Sablon:proprietary | Provides tools for solving and manipulating symbolic math expressions and performing variable-precision arithmetic. |
Symbolics.jl (https://symbolics.juliasymbolics.org/stable/) | Shashi Gowda, Yingbo Ma, Chris Rackauckas | 2021 | 2021 | v5.3.1 | Sablon:dts | free | free | A fast and modern Computer Algebra System for the Julia programming language.[21] |
SymPy | Ondřej Čertík | 2006 | 2007 | 1.13.2 | Sablon:dts | free | free | Python-based |
TI-Nspire CAS (Computer Software) | Texas Instruments | 2006 | 2009 | 5.1.3 | 2020 | Sablon:proprietary | Successor to Derive. Based on Derive's engine used in TI-89/Voyage 200 and TI-Nspire handheld | |
Wolfram Alpha | Wolfram Research | 2009 | Sablon:dts | Pro version: $4.99 / month, Pro version for students: $2.99 / month, ioRegular version: free | Sablon:proprietary | Online computer algebra system with step-by step solutions. | ||
Xcas/Giac | Sablon:ill | 2000 | 2000 | 1.9.0-99 | Sablon:dts | free | free | General CAS, also adapted for the HP Prime. Compatible modes for Maple, MuPAD and TI89 syntax. Symbolic spreadsheets, Giac library for use with other programs. ARM ports for some PDAs with Linux or WinCE[22] |
Yacas | Ayal Pinkus et al. | 1998[23] | 1999 | 1.9.1 | Sablon:dts | free | Sablon:GPL-lic | |
Creator | Development started | First public release | Latest stable version | Latest stable release date | Cost (USD) | License | Notes |
These computer algebra systems are sometimes combined with "front end" programs that provide a better user interface, such as the general-purpose GNU TeXmacs.
Below is a summary of significantly developed symbolic functionality in each of the systems.
Those which do not "edit equations" may have a GUI, plotting, ASCII graphic formulae and math font printing. The ability to generate plaintext files is also a sought-after feature because it allows a work to be understood by people who do not have a computer algebra system installed.
The software can run under their respective operating systems natively without emulation. Some systems must be compiled first using an appropriate compiler for the source language and target platform. For some platforms, only older releases of the software may be available.
System | DOS | Windows | macOS | Linux | BSD | Solaris | Android | iOS | SaaS | Other |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Axiom | ? | nincs | igen | igen | nincs | nincs | ? | ? | nincs | |
Cadabra | norvég | igen | igen | igen | igen | nincs | norvég | norvég | nincs | |
CoCoA | nincs | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | ? | nincs | Tru64 UNIX, HP-UX, IRIX |
Derive | igen | igen | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | ? | ? | nincs | |
Erable | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | System RPL on HP 48/49/50/40 series |
Euler | ? | igen | nincs | igen | nincs | nincs | ? | ? | nincs | |
Fermat | ? | nincs | igen | igen | nincs | nincs | ? | ? | nincs | |
FORM | ? | nincs | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | ? | nincs | |
FriCAS | ? | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | nincs | |
GAP | ? | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | ? | nincs | |
KANT/KASH | ? | igen | igen | igen | norvég | norvég | ? | ? | nincs | |
Macaulay2 | ? | nincs | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | ? | nincs | |
Magma | ? | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | ? | nincs | |
Magnus | nincs | igen | ? | igen | ? | igen | nincs | nincs | nincs | SunOs |
Maple | nincs | igen | igen | igen | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | |
Mathcad | igen | igen | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | |
Mathematica | igen | igen | igen | igen | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | igen | Raspberry Pi[13] |
Mathics | nincs | igen | igen | igen | igen | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | All POSIX platforms |
Mathomatic | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | nincs | igen | nincs | All POSIX platforms |
Maxima | ? | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | nincs | All POSIX platforms with Common Lisp |
MuMATH | igen | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | ? | ? | nincs | |
OpenAxiom | ? | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | ? | nincs | |
PARI/GP | ? | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | nincs | |
Reduce | ? | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | nincs | |
SageMath | nincs | igen | igen | igen | nincs | igen | nincs | igen | igen | |
SICMUtils | nincs | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | Any system that supports Clojure or Clojurescript |
SINGULAR | ? | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | ? | nincs | |
SMath Studio | nincs | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | Universal Windows Platform |
Symbolic Math Toolbox (MATLAB) | nincs | igen | igen | igen | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | igen | |
SymbolicC++ | ? | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | ? | nincs | |
SymPy | ? | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen[27] | Any system that supports Python |
TI-Nspire (desktop software) | nincs | igen | igen | nincs | nincs | nincs | nincs | igen | nincs | |
Xcas/Giac | nincs | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | nincs | HP Prime CAS, KhiCAS for TI Nspire |
Yacas | nincs | igen | igen | igen | igen | igen | ? | ? | nincs |