a/an usually omit, kas tit, ko >pi, ekah abandon ha, vi + ha; abandoned ujjhita (p.p. of ujjh) abide as able, be —(to) sak about ^concerning) prati; about this (:on this matter) atra absent-minded sfinya;hrdaya abundance bahutyam accept grah, pari + grab, prati + grah, aAgrkr acceptance parigrahah acclamation prasams>-alapah accompany anu + vrt accomplished siddha accomplishment (:act of achieving) siddhi f.; (technical ability) silpam accord, of one’s own — svayam according to -vat accursed hatakah ifc. acknowledge abhi + upa + i acquire 3 + gam caus. act (:do) anu + sth3 act (a play) nat caus. acting (:doing) k3rin acting (in play) nrttam; science of acting n3tya-s3stram activity kriy3 actual use eva actually eva address abhi + dha administration tan tram admit prati + pad adored one priyatama advantage phalam advice upadesah affair karyam affection pranayah after parena + abl.; use absol after very long aticirdt after all khalu afterwards pasc3t again punar; yet again punar api agent pranidhi m. agitation samvegah ah! aye aiding upakirah alas! hanta, kastam alight, set — ut + dip caus. (uddipayati) alive jivita all sarva pron.; on all sides sarvatah; at all eva; after all khalu allusion upany3sah alone eka; (solitary) ek3kin already prathamam, pttrva in cpd. with p.p., sometimes just eva also api enclitic altercation samgharsah although api among, from — madhy3t + gen. or ifc. amorous swoon madanamttrch3 and ca enclitic, ca . . . ca; connecting two verbs, usually expressed by absol.-, connecting sentences, often expressed by api after new subject anger krodhah, kopah, manyu m. announce ni + vid caus. announcing nivedanam annoyance pratyav3yah another anya, para answer prativacanam ant पिपीलिका (pipīlikā) anxiety saAkS anxious to ±k3ma any kas cit, ko >pi anyone kas tit, ko >pi; (:no matter who) sarvah apart from an tar en a + acc. appearance varnah appease (rquieten) sam cause.-, (curry favour with) 3 + radh caus. appeasement anunayah appointment samketah apprehension 3saAk3 appropriate, to — svl~kr appropriate utita; appropriate(ly) sth3ne approve abhi + nand army (:forces) बलं (balaṃ) arouse (:bring about) jan caus.-, aroused janita, samj3ta arrival 3gamanam arrive 3 + gam, pra + 3p arrow tenah, sarah as (:like) iva; introducing subordinate clause yath3 . . . tath3; in cpd. yath3 as if use iva as soon as yad» aiva . . . tad* aiva as well (:also) api ascetic tlpasah, tapasvin ascetics’ giove tapo-vanam ashamed vilaksa ask (about) prach (+ acc.) asleep supta assistant in gambling-house sab- hyah assume (role) grah assuredly hi astonished vismita astonishment vismayah at use loc. at all eva at once sampratam attachment piasakd f. attack (of emotion) Svesah; (on enemy) abhiyogah attempt prayatnah attend anu + gam attendance upasthanam attendant anucarah attentive avahita attractive ramanlya audience pari$ad f. augmented sambhna aunt (maternal) matr-svasr austerity (religious-) tapas n. autumn sarad f. avoid pari + hr
bad news a:priyam bakula (blossom) bakulam banish nis + vas caus. bank tlram barb salya m./tt. barbarian mlecchah bard (royal—) vaitilikah battle समरः (samaraḥ) be as, bhii; (be currently) vrt bearing dh&rin beat tad beat off apa-fhan beating t&dah beautiful sobhana beauty sobha, rfipam because use instr. or abl. of abstract noun ; (:with the thought that) iti become bh& (in past samvrtta), or use verb of motion with abstract noun become an object visayI~bbQ bedchamber sayana-grham before ( previously) priik; in cpd. with p.p. pOrva before (conj.) yavat na . . . tavat begin (:undertake) sam + a + rabh, (:make a start) upa + kram beginning Srambhah behalf, on — of -artham behave cest, a + ceft; (:deal with) vi + ava + hr belief pratyayah believe srad + dha beloved priya, vallabha; beloved wife pranayini bend down ava + nam beneath adhasfit + gen. benefit priyam besieging nparodhanam beside asanna, -samipe bestow pra + da (+ dat.) betel tambOlam; betel-box tambOia-bhajanam beyond vihaya bird patatrin, paksin birth janman birth-ceremony jata-karman n. bit chedah blame upa + a + labh blessing madgalam blind andha bliss nirvanam blossom ut + svas blossom kusumam boast slagh (I slaghate) body sariram, vigrahah, gatram bodyguard, provide a — for pari + vj (V parivraoti) + acc. bondage bandhanam book pustakam bom of Sakuntala Sakuntaleya both (adj.) ubha; both . . . and . . . ca . . . ca bow <3pa mJrt., karmukam bower mandapa mJrt. box bhandam boy balah brahmin brahman ah bravo! $adhu breast liras n. breeze piavStam bride vadhB bridegroom varah; bride and groom varayvadhfi bright sobhana bring a + ni, a + da; bring to a pass avastbam gam cans. bring up (chariot) upa + stha caus. broken bhagna brother bhratr brother-in-law syalah burn dah busy vyagra busy oneself on abhi + yuj pass. + loc. but punar enclitic, tu enclitic, kim tu; but then athavi buy kri by normally use instr.; by (virtue of doing something) use pres, part.
call (:summon) a + hve called (:named) use nama ‘by name’ or ;naman camp ni + vis can use salq sometimes not necessary to translate cancellation pratisedhah capture grah careful s>_avadhlna carriage ptavahanam carry off apa + hr case, in that — tarhi, ten a hi, yady evam cast ni + ksip cause (to) use caus. cause hetu m. ceremony samskarah certain, a — kasdt, ko >pi certainly khalu change parin&mah character sll am chariot rathah chase away vi + dru caus. check prati + sidh chieftain raj an m. child balah; dear child vatsah childless amapatya circumstances da& citizen paurah city nagaram, puram clamour kobhalah clean suci clearly vyaktam clever nipuna clod of earth lofta mJn. come i + gam, upa + gam, upa + i, i + ya, sam + i + gam come! (imperv.) ehi come in pra + vis comfort a + svas caus. command sam + dis command $3sanam samdesah, 3jna common prtkrta company, in the — of -sameta compassion, feel — day (I day- ate) compassionate krpalu complacent subhagammanya complete sam + 3p complete with sa_ conceal I + chad (X accha- dayati) concealed antarita concealment pracchadanam conceive pari + kip cans. concern cinta conclusion avasanam condemned vadhya condition (:state) avastha conduct caritam confer (on) prati + pad caus. + dot. confidence, inspiring of — vis- vasanlya confident, make — prati + i caus. confirmation pratipatti f. conflict vimardah confused akula confusion, in — akuli~bhQta congratulate use distya vrdh or its caus. (see Chapter $) conjecture tarkah connive at (:overlook) npa + course gati f. course, of — lchalu enclitic court raja-kulam courtesan ganika crag silS-cayah creak vi + rn (H virauti) create nis + ma (p.p. nirmita) creeper lad crime dofah crowd of people jana- padasamavayah cruel d&runa cruelty क्रौर्यं (krauryaṃ), क्रौर्य (kraurya) cry a + krand (I akrandati) cry out ut + ghus cunning satha curiosity kutfihalam, kautukam curlew krauncali curse sapah conquer ji conscious of -vedin consciousness samjna consecrated abhimantrita consider ava + gam, cint (X dn- tayati) considerable gariyams contemporary vartamana contemptuous avamanin contrive ut + pad caus. control, under one’s own— svadhina convent vibarah conversant with abhijna + gen. conversation samlapah convey pra + 3p caus. cool sitala coral-tree mandarah correctly samyak council parisad f. counsellor sadvah counter-measures, take — prati + vi + dha country desah
dance nrt danger bhayam dare ut + sah darkness tamas n. daughter kanya, suta, duhitr day divasah; by day diva dead mrta dear priya, vallabha; dear child vatsah/vats3; my dear X (voc.) use sakhe m./sakhi /; my dear fellow bhadra; dear Rama Rama:bhadrah death mrtyu tn. debtless anyna decayed jirna deceive vi + pra + labh declare a + calcs (II acaste), but normally a + khy3 outside pres, stem decoration bhQsaqam decrepit jirna deed karman n. deer mrgah defeat ji defeat parajayah defile dus earn. deity devata delay kala-haranam kr, 3s delight har$ah; (delightful event) utsavah delighted prahrsta delightful subhaga deluded mQdha demerit do§ah demon asurah denounce apa + dis depart ut + ha, apa + yi departure prasthanam depict abhi + likh depressed, feel — durmanayate descendant of use vrddhi deriv- ative describe varnayati; as described yath»_okta desert pari + tyaj desirable kanta desire prarthitam, prarthana despatch pra + hi (p.p. prahita) despise ava + jfia despondency vaimanasyam destiny vidhi m. destroying vadhah destruction vinSsah determination niscayah devoid sflnya die upa + ram different anya pron, difficult dus;kara; difficult (to achieve) dur;labha diligence abhiyogah diligent abhiyukta direct a + dis direction dis f.; in one— ... in another anyatah . . . anyatah disaffection aparSgah disappointment visadah discern sam + vi + jfia, upa + laks (X upalaksayati) disciple antevasin discover vid, pari + jfia discrimination vivekah disgrace, in — $a_oikiram disguise vyanjanam disinclined paranmukha disloyalty aparagah dismiss vi + srj earn. dispersal (of crowd) bhafigah dispute vivadah distance, at a good — from atidbre + gen. distinction visesah distract (pleasurably) vi + nud cans. distracted (:crazed) unmatta distress arti f.; distress of mind dtta-khedah distress, be in — duhkham stha, duhkham as distressed viklava disturb akulayati do lqr, anu + stha, a + car; sam + a + car do violence to abhi + druh doctor vaidyah don pari + dha Ztm. donate nis + vap done, have — with krtam + instr. don’t use alam, or na + ger. door dvaram, kapatam doubt samdehah, vitarkah draw a + krs draw near prati + a + sad dreadful atidaruna, anista drink pa drink pan am drinking -pa ifc. drive use nl with abstract noun driver sarathi m. driving away apanodanam dweller -sad dynasty vamsah
each other anyonya eager utsuka ear karnah earlier pOrva pronom. earth prthivi, bhfl f. easy sulabha eclipse upar&gah effect kr either ... or . . . va . . . va elder jyayams; elder (person) guru m. elder brother jyayams bhratr, agrajah elephant gajah else anya prow.; somewhere else anyatra kv> dpi embarrassing lajja-kara embrace pari + svaj (I parisva- jate) emerge nis + kram employ pra + yuj, vi + a + pf caus. enclosure vaiaya tn./n., vatika end antah; to what end? kunmimittam; an end of krtam + instr. enemy ripu m. engage ni + yuj engrossed vyagra enjoin vi + dha enjoy pari + bhuj, (experience) anu + bhfi enough alam enrage candl~kr enter pra + vis enter upon (vow) sam + a + ruh entering pravesah enterprise arambhah entire nikhila entirely eva entry pravesah epithet visesanatpadam escape apakramanam escort annyatrikah especially -tara establish stha cans. even api enclitic ever kadadt every sam prow, everyone (of a number) sarve (p/.); (in general) sarvah (sg.) everything sarvam evil papa evil-natured dur^tman Excellency, His/Your aryah excessively ati prefix execution-ground vadhyastha- nam executioner ghatakah exertion parisramah exhausted parisranta exploits caritam extermination unmOlanam extraordinary adbhuta extremely ati prefix eye netram, nayanam, caksus n., locanam
face mukham, vaktram fact, in — eva; from the fact that yatha . . . tatha faint moham upa + gam fair-eyed su;nayana fall pat, ni + pat; (to one’s lot) upa + nam fall silent t&$nim as falling nipatah fame yasas n. familiar abhyasta family kulam, anvayah, kutiunbanj; (imembers of immediate household) grha-janah far away (hire fast to death amasanena sam + stha dim. fate daivam father pitr; (one’s own) tatah father-in-law svasurah fault dosah favour anu + grah favour prasadah favourable anuk&la fearful trasta fearfulness bhiru'tvam fearing saAlrin fellow batu m.; good fellow, dear fellow bhadrah festival mahotsavah fetch down (from carriage) ava + tf cans. fetching iharanam few, a — use kascit field ksetram fierce ugra filament kesaram find adhi + gam find out upa + labh finger aAguli/aAgull f. fire agni tn., analah, vahni m. fired, cause to be — dah cans. firewood samidh f. firmness dhairyam first prathama fixed (on) -isakta flame jvala flesh mimsam flow abhi + syand flower puspam, kusumam fly up ut + pat, ut + di (uddi) folk janah follow anu + gam follower inuyitrikah fondness priti f. food bhojanam, bhaktam fool mOrkhah foot padah for (prep.) use gen.; (a period of time) use acc.; for (the sake of) -arthant or use dat. for ( cottj .) hi enclitic for oneself (:of one’s own accord) svayam forcibly balat ford tirtham forest vanam, aranyam, vipinam forest-dweller vanecarah forget vi + smr forgive ksam (pass, ksamyate) form vapus n. former puratana (f. 1) forsooth ldla forth, and so — xadi fortime bhagyam forward anu + pra + is cans. (anupresayati) four चतुर् (catur) free muc free from nis prefix freedom (:scope) prasarah friend vayasyah, mitram, suhrd m., sakhi m. (voc. sakhe); (female) friend sakhi, (= pi.) sakhltjanah friend’s wife sakhi friendship sakhyam frivolous cancala from use abl.; from what/where? kutah; from someone kutas cit front, in —of agratah + gen., -samaksam fruit phalam fruitful sa_phala fruitless, make — viphalrtcr fulfil pr caus. Full Moon Festival Kaumudlma- hotsavah further bbQyams
gain labh gale nabhasvant m. gallery vlthika, sila game krl^ gaming master sabhikah Gandharva Gandharvah; Gandharva rite Gandharva vidhi m. garden udySnam garland mala garment visas n. gaze drs gaze drsti f. gem ratnam generally prayena get labh; get (done) use earn. get up ut + stha ($ lost between the t and th — e.g. p.p. utthita) girl kanya, kanyaka give da give up tyaj giving danaqi glory sri go gam, ya go against ati + kram go back ni + vrt go in(to) pra + vis god surah, devah God of Love Manmathah, Kusumayudhah goddess देवी (devī) going gamanam gold suvarnam, hem an n. good sadhu, (friend) hita, (in voc .) bhadra; (rprosperity) sreyas n. good fellow bhadrah good man surjanah good woman (voc.) bhadre gotra gotram grandson dauhitrah grant pra + yam granted that kamam grasp grah great mahant greatness mahiman m. greet (person) abhi + vad caus. Otm.; (thing) abhi + nand grief sokah grieve sue groom see bridegroom ground bhfimi f.\ (:cause) hetu m. guard raks guest atithi m. abhySgatah guide, someone to — nett
ha! ayi, hanta, ah half Innrrionl ardhah hand, hand over sam + r caus., r caus. hand hastah, pani m. hand, at — asanna handmaid ajfiakari happen: what happens/has hap pened etc. vrttantah happiness sukham hard to attain duriadhigama hard to win durjlabha harem अन्तःपुर (antaḥpura) harlot वेश्या (veśyā) harsh visama hate dvif have use gen. with verb mean ing ‘ be ' — usually as, sometimes bha or vrt; have (something done) use caus. having use bahuvrihi, suffixes vant/mant, sa, etc. hawker pan&yitt he, him etc. sah, ayam, enam, esah, asau or omit head siras n. heap r8si m. hear sru heart hrdayam, citttam heat atapah heavens, thank — distya hell naraka mJn. helpful upakarin helpless paravasa here a era, iha, or use esah, ayam; over here itah hereditary pitr-paryay>~3gata herewith use esah hermitage asramah, asrama- padam hero vlrati hesitation amadhyava&yah high-soaring utsarpin highest (.-most excellent) para- rdhya Highness, your/His — kumarah hindrance vighnah, antar§yah hint at upa + ksip his tasya etc.; his (own) sva hither and thither itas tatah ho, ho there! bhoh hold on to ava + lamb hole chidram homage namas n. home grbam, avasathah honey-bee (female) madhukari honour (request etc.) man catts.; (:do honour to) puras + kr, p&j (X pOjayati get. p&jya) Honour, His/Your — ary ah; His Honour here atrabhavant honourable Srya hope a + sams (I asamsate); I hope kacdd [particle ) hope §3 horse asvah hospitality satkarah hostile (:adverse) pradkola house grham, geham household suddhantah, ganah how? katham; in exclamations use aho however punar enclitic human flesh mahatmamsam huntsman vyadhah hurry tvar atm. husband, lawful — sahadhar- macarin husband and wife dampatl (du.)
I aham idiot mfidhah idea, sit— ut+as if yadi, cet enclitic ; if only! api nama ignoble andrya ignorant amabhijna ill-disposed to vimukha + gen. ill omen durtnimittain imagine sam + bhfi cans. immediately amantaram, sadya eva; immediately upon -anan- taram eva imminent bh§vin impairment saithilyam important thing pradhanam in use loc., sometimes adverb in -tra; (being) in -gata; having (with)in igarbha; in . . . ing often use pres. part. inclination abhiprtyah incline pra + vrt including urlkrtya + acc. inconvenience use dosah increase vrdh caus. indeed khalu enclitic indicate upa + dis indicating nivedaka inevitably niyatam inferiority Ughavam inflammatory samdipana inform ni + vid caus. * dat./gen. ingratitude krtaghna~ta inscrutable adntya instigation to rebellion upajapah instructed siksita instructions Sdesah intact, keep — pari + pal intelligence buddhi f. intention abhiprayah interest kut&halam interval antaram intimacy visrambhah intoxication madah introduce (into) pra + vis caus., upa + ni + acc. invade upa + rudh invite upa + ni + mantr (X up- animantrayati) irritability duhslla~ta it sah, ayam, enam, esah, asau (usually in n.) its tasya etc.
jackal $n$lah jewel abharanam join ghat caus. (ghatayati) joined hands anjali m. joke parih&sah juncture antaram; at this junc- ture atr> an tare just eva enclitic (: merely ) c.matra; (I’ll) just . . . fivat enclitic, yivat
kill vi + a + pad cause, have (.■cause to be) killed ghatayati killing vinasah king r&jan m. (ifc. -rajah), nrpah king of Videha Vaidehah kingdom राज्य (rājya) kinsman bandhu m. know jfia, vid, ava + gam; know how to jna
lack of use ai/am lady, noble lady SkryS; this lady atrabhavati; that lady tatrabha- vatl lake sarasl lamp dipika lapse skhalanam later; some time — kasya cit kalasya laugh हस् (has) (I हसति (hasati)) Lavanaka, (being) at — Lav8- naica adj. law, sacred — dharmah lay 2 + ruh cans. lead ni learn vid, ava + gam learned in the sacred law dharma-vit leave tyaj, pari + tyaj leave, give — anu + jfia -less nis_, a;/an; let use imperv., sometimes indicative let alone kini punar let go muc letter lekhah, pattrika, pattram licked avalidha life jlvitam, prana m. pi. like, I should — to icchami like use iva, ~vat, sadrsa (f. i) + instr. limb afigam line pa&kti f. listen (to) sru listen, someone to — srotr little while muhurta mJn. live (:be alive) jiv; (tdwell) vas, prati + vas, ni + vas long d&ra; (for) a long way dbram; for a long time dram long, after very — addrat long, at — last cirat long-lived ayusmant look (at) dm; look upon iks looking after upasamgrahah loose vi + muc lord pati m., adhipad m. loss of place sthana-bhramsah lotus pundarikam loudly उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) love (:fondness) snehah, (:devo- tion) anuragah, (.-passion) man- mariiah Love (god of-) Manmathah, Kusumayudhah, Makara- dhvajah love, be in — with utkanthate, kam earn. loved one istatjanah lovely ramaniya, manohara low (:mean) ksudra
madam (voc.) bhadre magnanimous mah»^tman maid servant paricarika maintain (fire) a + dha Majesty, Her/Your — dev! Majesty, His/Your — devah, ayusmant make kjr, ut + pad caus. maker lcartr man narah, purusaig (tperson) janah manage vi + dhl; manage to use katham cit - mango-tree cfitah manoeuvre cesta many bahu mark laksanam marriage dara-karman n. marry vah mass samghatah master svSmin m. matching samvadah mating yugma-carin (‘going in a pair’) matter vastu n. me mam etc. meaning arthah means upayah measure m2 (caus. mSpayad) measure pramanam medicine ausadham meditating dhyinam meditation samadhi m. meet sam + a + sad caus.; (•.receive) prati + ut + gam meeting samSgamah melancholy udvigna memory smrti f. mendicant ksapanakah mental turmoil vikarah merchant sresthin m. mere ^matra, eva merit gunah; of merit guna~vant milk ksiram mind manas attain, cetas n., hrdayam mine, of mine say ‘of me, my’ minister amatyah mirage mrgatrsnika misconduct apacarah misdeed akaryam misfortune vyasanam mishap pramadah mislead vi + pra + labh mission prayojanam mistress svamini, isvari moment mubfirta mJn. money dhanam monster nrsamsah moon candrah moonlight candrika morning (:of the — ) adj. prage- tana (f. t) mother janani, amba (voc. amba), matr motion, in — pracalita mountain, parvatah, sailah, acalah mouth vadanam murder vi + i + pad caus. must use ger. in tavya mutual (:of etc. each other) itaretara- my madlya, or say ‘of me’, or omit my own sva; of my own accord svayam myself reflexive atman; (:me) use aham
name nSman n., nSmadheyam natural sulabha, (:innate) sa- habhQ nature prakrti f., atman m. necklace mala negligent pramatta neutral madhyastha never na kadadt news vrttantah, pravrtti f. night, by — ratrau no use na or a: noble arya, atyudira noise sabdah normal udta not na, a:; A not B A na tu B nothing na kim dt notice laics (X laksayad) now (:at the present time) adhuna, idanlm, samprati; (connective) atha, yavat, tavat numerous prabhflta, mahAnt nymph apsaras f.
object (:province) visayah observe ni + sam caus. obstacle vighnah obstruct ni + rudh obtain ava + Ap obviously n&nam occasion avasarah, s than am occupation vyApArah occupy adhi + as occur jan ocean sAgarah of use gen., vrddhi derivative, bahuvrihi cpd. etc. offend against apa + radh + gen. (p.p. aparaddha) office adhikArah often bahusah oh! ha, aye, bhoh, ayi on use loc on . . . ing use absol. or loc. of verbal noun once use pGrva; once more punar apt one eka pron.; (:a person) use impersonal construction only eva, ; mAtra open (letter) ut + vesj caus. opportune avasare opportunity avasarah oppress pid or va enclitic, (:nor) va na ornament Abharanam, alam- karanam, bhflsanam other anya, para; and other(s) ;adi otherwise anyatfaa out; of ours say ‘of us’ out of use abl. outcaste svapAkah outcome parinAmah, vijrmbhi- tam outside bahih over here itah overcome parita overlook mrs caus. overtures (:insdgadon to rebel* lion) upajApah own, my/your etc. — sva, At- manah; make one’s own svi~kr paint a + likh painter citrakarah pair yugalam palace rAja-kulam; SugaAga Palace SugAAga.-prAsAdah pang vedanA; pangs of love m anma ttp- Anmathah pardon mrs (IV mfsyati) parents pitr du. park udyAnam part uddesah; for (someone’s) part use api partial paksapAtin particle avayavah partisan paksapAtin pass avasthA, dasA pass over ad + kram passion abhiiAsah past atita past, present and future trikAlam path -pathah peak sAnu m. people janah perceive ava + lok (X avalokay- ad) perform (:do) anu + sthA; (a play) pra + yuj performance prayogah perfume vas persistence (adherence) anuband- hah person janah; (:body) sariram;deha mJn. personalty svayam eva peddon pra + arth (X prArtha- yate) picking avacayah picture citram piety dharmah pity anu + lamp place ni + ksip place desah, sthlnam, pradesah place of sacrifice agnihotra- saranam plan samkalpah play a role bhfimikam kr Atm. pleasant ramanlya, priya pleasure sukham pluck out ut + hr poet kavi m. point, what - in? kim + instr. poison vi$am poisoner tiksna:rasa-dah ponder vi + car cause. pool tirtham poor, poor fellow [pityingly ) tapasvin; poor girl vardki poor material adravyam portrait alekhyam possessed of - upapanna possessions parigrahah possessor of ~mant possible upapanna power prabhavah; have power over pra + bhfi + gen. practise (cruelty) pra + yuj, (austerities) car praise stu prayer japah preceptor upSdhy&yah prelude prastivah presence, to the— of -sakasam; in the — of pratyaksam + gen. present samnihita present pratigrahah present with prati + pad cam. + double acc. pretence apadesah previously pQrva ifc. prince kumirah princess raja-putrl prisoner bandhana-sthah prize (rvalue highly) abbi + nand proceed ut + cal procession yatra proclaim ut + ghus cam.-, (:de- clare authoritatively) 3 + dis proclamation, after — prakhya- pya (lit. ‘having proclaimed’) procure ava + gam cam. proficiency prSvinyam promised pratisruta proper yukta protea raks, pari trai, pari + p3l; (someone) to protea (one) tr3tr provide upa + kr punishment dandah pupil sifyah, sisya purse-proud artha-matta pursue anu + sr put to shame prati +a + dis
quality gunah quantity samcayah queen rSjbi (as title) devi quickly 3su quiet nibhrta quite eva enclitic quiver spand
rag pataccaram rather nanu reach anu + pra + 3p ready udyata realise ava + gam really satyam reason ldranam rebuke upa + 3 + labh rebuking up3lambhah recall smr cam. receive grah recklessness asamlksya:kari~t3 recognise prati + abhi + jn3, pari + d reconciled prasanna redundancy paunaruktam reed vetasah refuse to use na regain (consciousness) upa + labh regard (: think) man regard for -anurodhah; with regard to prati + acc. rein abhisu m. reject prati + i + dis rejection pratySkhySnam, pratySdesah rejoice mad release vi + srj relent prasadam kr religious power siddhi f. remain stha remaining part sesah remark vacanam remedy pratikarah remember smr remnant se$ah remove apa + ni; (ornaments etc.) ava + tf caus. reply prativacanam report prasiddhi f. request vijnapana rescue abhi + upa + pad rescue prina-raksa residence bhavanam resist pari + hr resolve niscayah resort to a + sri respect for bahumanah + loc. respect, worthier of — garlyams respectfully sa_gauravam resplendent dipti'mant restrain ni + grah, upa + sain + hr restraint avagrahah return prati + ni + vrt reveal 5vis~kr, pra + kas caus. reveal oneself avir~bhD revered tatrabhavant; my revered father tata-padah Reverence, Her/Your — bhagavati reverend bhagavant (f. bhagavati) reward pari + tus caus. reward phalam rewarding parito$ah riches vibh&ti f. pi. riding carya right adv. eva right (rproper) yukta; righdy yuktam right (opp. left) daksina; to the right of daksinena + acc. ring adgurlyaka tnJrt. rise ut + cal, ut + stha rite kriya, vidhi madgalam river nadi road, roadway margah rock sila role bhCmika rosary aksamala roused upajata royal bard vaitalilcah royal seer raja:rsi m. ruined, be — ava + sad ruler Isvarah run pra + dru
sacred law dhannah sacrifice hu sacrifice, place of — agniho- trasaranam sacrificial medhya sacrilege abrahmanyam safeguard raks sage muni m. sake, for the — of -artham salute pra + nam, vand (get. vandya) same, the/that — sah + eva; this same ayam etc. + eva say vad, vac, kath, brfi, abhi + dha scandal kaulinam scant svalpa scare ut * tras caus. (uttrlsayati) scent amodah scholar panditah science sSstnun scold npa + a + labh seal madid search ana + is search, in — of anvesin season samayah seated, be — ni + sad second dvitlya secret rahasyam seduce S + vrj cam. see drs, ava + lok, a + lok; see to it thatkr + yatha see, see how use esah or ayam seeing darsanam seeing darsin seem use iva seer rsi m., great seer mahatrsi m. seize grab self, myself etc. (reflexive) atman m. sg.; (emphatic)/foi oneself etc. svayam self-control dhairyam selfsame eva sell vi + kri send pra + is cam. (presayati) senior to guru + gen. separated, having become — vighatita serpent visadharah, nagah, phanabhrt m. servant parijanah, dasi; servant girl dasi service upakarah, priyam set stha cam. set forth, set out pra + stha severe (punishment) tiksna; (austerity) kasta shade chaya shake cal bam. (calayati) shame lajja; shame (on) dhik (■race.) shame, put to — prati + a + dis sharp nisita; (:astringent) kasaya shoot vyadh (pass, vidhyate) should me arh or ger. in ya / anlya show drs cam. show preksaniyakam shower abhi + vrs (1 abhivarsati) shower (:multitude) nikarah shut avrta side paksah sides, on all — sarvatah sight darsanam sign लिङ्गं (liṅgaṃ), cihnam signal samjna signature svahastah silent, stay — t&snlm as; fall silent tOfnim as (in imperf.) sin papman m. since (prep.) prabhrti + able, (tbecause) me abUinstr. of ab- stract noun, or yena, yatah, yat, id sing gai sir arya sire iajan sister bhagini, svasr sit (down) upa + vis skill kausalatn sky gt^anam; skies dis f. pi. slab talam slender me yasti f. slip pari + bhrams slow, by — stages sanaih sanaih snake sarpah snatch hr so (simple connective) tat, (:I infer that) tarhi; (:thus) evam, (:to such an extent) evam sobriquet prasiddhi f. soft mrdu sojourn sahavasah soldier sainikah solely kevalam; solely partial ekatpaksapatin
solitary ekaldn some, someone kas cit, ko >pi; someone (to do something) agent noun son putrah, darakah, sutah, pu- trakah sorrow visadah sovereignty rajyam speak vad, vac, abhi + dha speaking katha specify nis + dis spectator simajikah speech vSc f. spend (time) gam caus., y3 cans, (yapayad) spoil dus caus. spot (:p(ace) uddes'ah stages, by slow — sanaih sanaih stamp adk stand stha standing -stha ifc. start a + rabh state avastha stay stha, as step padam still idanim api stone sila stop stha story vrttamah strange ^unprecedented) apfirva; (rmarvellous) citra stranger parah strategy nlti f. street ratfaya stroll through anu + vi + car + acc. student batu stupid balisa subject praja, prakrd f. success siddhi f. such idrsa, evamjvidha, rdrs (Idrk) such as ividha, jadi suddenly sahasa sudra s&drah suffering vyatha sufficient paryapta suicide atma-tyagah suited anuifipa suitor prarthayitr summon a + hve, sam + a + hve sun s&ryah, vivasvant m. support nibandhanam suppress ni + grah suppressing nigrahah surely khalu surmise tark (X tarkayati) surpassing (:extreme) atisaya; (:going beyond) -adrikta surround pari + vr sweat svedah sweet madhura swift sighra, ksipra swoon mbrcha sword sastnun syllable aksaram
take (tconvey) nl; (accept, un-
derstand) grah
take away apa + ni
talk kadi
talking a&pah
task Idtaryam, karman n.
taunt adhi + ksip
teacher acaryah, upadhyayah
tell vad, vac, kath
temple ayatanam
tend (plants) pari + vrdh caus.
tender irdra; make tender vat-
salayati
tenderness snehah
that {demon.) sah, asau; ( conj .)
id, yat, yatha
the usually omit, sah, asau
then tads, tatah; (:so) tat; but
then atha v3
there tatra; from there tatah
there is asd; there is ayam asau
therefore atah
thereupon tatah
thicket vitapa mJn.
think man, cint
this esah, ayam, enam; in/on/
about this atra; from this atah
though api, yady api
thoughts citta-vrtti f.
thread sfitram
three -trayam; three or four
tricatura
threshold dvir f.
throne simhasanam
throng sammardah, samkulam
thus evam
tiger vyaghrah
time kalah, vela, avasarah; some
time later kasya cit kalasya
tip pari + tus caus.
tired parisranta
tithe bhagah
title sabdah
to use gen., dat., inf. etc.-, (:in
the direction of) use acc., prati,
-antikam; (:in order to) use
dat. or -artham
today adya
together with saha + instr.
tone gir f.
too api
top sikharam
touch sprs
touch sparsah
towards prati + acc.-, ( — an ob-
ject of feeling) prati or use loc.
town puram
townsfolk paura:janah
trader vanij m.
trainer vinetr
traitor raj>-apathya-karin
tread ksud
tree p^dapah, vrksakah, vrksah;
young tree potakah
tremble kamp (I kampate)
triumph over ati + si
trouble tedh (I badhate)
true satya
truly satyam, nanu
trust . vi + svas (I visvasati) + loc.
trustworthy ipta
try yat
turmoil, in a — tumula
turn (to) k|p + dat.
turn away pars + vrt caus.
turn back prati + ni + vrt
turn into (:become) use
samvrtta; (.-convert into) use kr
in compound
turn round pari + vrt caus.
twin yamaja
two use du. or -dvayam
twofold dvaya (f. dvayl)
ugliness vaiifipyam ultimate para un- a:/an: uncalled for adc3rana uncertainty vikalpah understand ava + gam, grab understand, someone to — jnatr underway pravrtta unite yuj caus. unshakeable (resolve) aharya unsteady vihvala until ySvat untoward apara upon use loc. us asm&n etc. usher in pra + vis caus. utterance bharati
vain vitatha vainly mrsa valour vikramah valuable maharghya vanish tiras + bh& vapour dfafimah various vidtra; various-ness vaidtryam vendor vikretr verse ghtha very (adj.) use eva vexation p ankles ah victorious, be— vi + ji atm. victory vijayah Videha, of — Vaideha If. 1) vile dur£tman villain p^pah vine lat31 violate ut + laAgh caus. violence, do— to abhi + drub violent pracanda virtuous $3dhu (f. sadhvi) visible अभिव्यक्त (abhivyakta) voice v3c f. void sBnya vow vratam, pratijfia
wait for prad + pal wait upon upa + as walk sam + car &tm. wall bhitti f. wander bhram want is warrior k&triyah washed dhauta watch vi + lok earn., drs water jalam, salilam way prakirah; in this way evam; this way (:in this direc- tion) itah; on the way antara wayward dur:vinita wealth vibbOti kosah, dyum- nam weaning stanya-tyigah (‘leaving the breast’) weapon astram wear dhr wed upa + yam weep rud welcome prad + nand; wel- come! sv3gatam welfare kusalam well su prefix well, as — api wet kiinna what? kah (1dm); what, . . . ? katham; what (a)! use aho; what (:that which) yat; from what? kutah; what of it? tatah Idm when yatfe, yivat where? kva; where (con/.) yatra; where from? kutah whereabouts? kutah which? kah; which (rel. pron.) yah while (:short time) muhfirta m. for a little while muhfi- rtamiva while (con/.) y3vat who/whom? kah; who/whom (rel. pron.) yah; it is . . . who use eva whole sarva, sakala, asesa whore pumscall whose kasya etc., yasya etc. why? 1dm, (.-for what purpose?) Idm-artham, (:from what cause?) kasmat; why! (in sur- prise) katham, (in mild admo- nition) nanu wicked dur^tanan widespread prathita wife kalatram, dJrah m. pi.; friend’s wife sakhl win 1i wine madhu n. wish is wish manorathah with use instr.; (together with) saha + instr., sa in cpd.; (:pos- sessing) ~vant or bahuvribi withdraw sam + hr without use prefixes nis or a; without (doing) a + absol. witness pratyakfi'kr witness (to) -saksin woman stri, n£ri, yosit f. wonder; I — (after interrog.) nu khalu wonderful vidtra woo pra + arth (X pr3rthayate) wood vanam, kananam word vacanam work karman n.; (:literary work) prabandhah, prayoga- bandhah, krti f. working vySparah world lokah worried, be — sadk (I saAkate) worship vand worthier of respect gariyams worthy 3rya worthy holder bhajanam wounded vranita wretch varakah write likh, abhi + likh writer kavi m.
yet tatha >pi, punar enclitic you tvam (tvat/yusmat) etc.; *you ( polite form) bhavant (f. bhavati) young tree potakah younger kanlyams your/yours/of yours say ‘of you’ youth navaryauvanam