ódzkodik
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Hungarian
Etymology
First attested in 1855. From ódz, variant of oldoz (“to untie, loosen”, verb) + -kodik (verb-forming suffix).
Pronunciation
Verb
ódzkodik
- (intransitive) to shrink, to be loath, to be reluctant, to be unwilling (from something/to do something: -tól/-től)
Conjugation
conjugation of ódzkodik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ódzkodom or ódzkodok |
ódzkodsz | ódzkodik | ódzkodunk | ódzkodtok | ódzkodnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | ódzkodtam | ódzkodtál | ódzkodott | ódzkodtunk | ódzkodtatok | ódzkodtak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ódzkodni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ódzkodék or ódzkodám |
ódzkodál | ódzkoda or ódzkodék |
ódzkodánk | ódzkodátok | ódzkodának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ódzkodik vala, ódzkodott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | ódzkodandok (or ódzkodandom) |
ódzkodandasz (or ódzkodandol) |
ódzkodand (or ódzkodandik*) |
ódzkodandunk | ódzkodandotok | ódzkodandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ódzkodnék (or ódzkodnám) |
ódzkodnál | ódzkodna (or ódzkodnék*) |
ódzkodnánk | ódzkodnátok | ódzkodnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ódzkodott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ódzkodjak or ódzkodjam |
ódzkodj or ódzkodjál |
ódzkodjon or ódzkodjék |
ódzkodjunk | ódzkodjatok | ódzkodjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ódzkodott légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | ódzkodni | ódzkodnom | ódzkodnod | ódzkodnia | ódzkodnunk | ódzkodnotok | ódzkodniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| ódzkodás | ódzkodó | ódzkodott | ― | ódzkodva (ódzkodván) | |||||
potential conjugation of ódzkodik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ódzkodhatok (or ódzkodhatom) |
ódzkodhatsz (or ódzkodhatol) |
ódzkodhat (or ódzkodhatik) |
ódzkodhatunk | ódzkodhattok | ódzkodhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | ódzkodhattam | ódzkodhattál | ódzkodhatott | ódzkodhattunk | ódzkodhattatok | ódzkodhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ódzkodhaték or ódzkodhatám |
ódzkodhatál | ódzkodhata or ódzkodhaték |
ódzkodhatánk | ódzkodhatátok | ódzkodhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. ódzkodhat vala, ódzkodhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | ódzkodhatandok or ódzkodandhatok (or ódzkodhatandom or ódzkodandhatom) |
ódzkodhatandasz or ódzkodandhatsz (or ódzkodhatandol or ódzkodandhatol) |
ódzkodhatand or ódzkodandhat (or ódzkodhatandik or ódzkodandhatik*) |
ódzkodhatandunk or ódzkodandhatunk |
ódzkodhatandotok or ódzkodandhattok |
ódzkodhatandanak or ódzkodandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ódzkodhatnék (or ódzkodhatnám) |
ódzkodhatnál | ódzkodhatna (or ódzkodhatnék*) |
ódzkodhatnánk | ódzkodhatnátok | ódzkodhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ódzkodhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ódzkodhassak (or ódzkodhassam) |
ódzkodhass or ódzkodhassál |
ódzkodhasson (or ódzkodhassék) |
ódzkodhassunk | ódzkodhassatok | ódzkodhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ódzkodhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (ódzkodhatni) | (ódzkodhatnom) | (ódzkodhatnod) | (ódzkodhatnia) | (ódzkodhatnunk) | (ódzkodhatnotok) | (ódzkodhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (ódzkodhatva / ódzkodhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
References
- ^ ódzkodik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- ódzkodik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN