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Egyptian
Pronunciation
Verb
3-lit.
- (transitive) to grasp
- (intransitive, with m) to touch
Inflection
Conjugation of šfd (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: šfd, geminated stem: šfdd
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
šfd
|
šfdw, šfd
|
šfdt
|
šfd
|
šfd
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
šfd
|
ḥr šfd
|
m šfd
|
r šfd
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
šfd.n
|
šfdw, šfd
|
consecutive
|
šfd.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
šfdt
|
| perfective3
|
šfd
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
šfd.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
šfd
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
šfd
|
šfdd
|
potentialis1
|
šfd.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
šfd
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
šfd.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
šfd
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
šfd
|
šfd, šfdw5, šfdy5
|
| imperfective
|
šfd, šfdy, šfdw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
šfd, šfdj6, šfdy6
|
šfd, šfdw5
|
| prospective
|
šfd, šfdtj7
|
—
|
šfdtj4, šfdt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
Derived terms
References
- Dickson, Paul (2006) Dictionary of Middle Egyptian in Gardiner Classification Order
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 461
