Λίγυς
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Ancient Greek
Etymology
The name is of uncertain origin. Room suggests an Etruscan, Basque, or other language isolate ethnonym, hinted by the -sc- element found in older Latin forms ligusc*; Compare Latin Vascones and Etruscus.
Imberciadori more recently connects it with Proto-Indo-European *(s)leyg- (“to smear, make smooth”), deriving possessive *(s)lig-wés- / *(s)lig-us- (“bright”) through an internally derived s-stem *(s)léig-us (“brightness”), from the semantics of Proto-Indo-European *(s)léyg-u- / *(s)lig-éw- (“flat, even; equal”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /lí.ɡys/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈli.ɡys/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈli.ʝys/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈli.ʝys/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈli.ʝis/
Noun
Λῐ́γῠς • (Lígus) m (genitive Λῐ́γῠος); third declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ Λῐ́γῠς ho Lígus |
τὼ Λῐ́γῠε tṑ Lígue |
οἱ Λῐ́γῠες hoi Lígues | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ Λῐ́γῠος toû Líguos |
τοῖν Λῐγῠ́οιν toîn Ligúoin |
τῶν Λῐγῠ́ων tôn Ligúōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ Λῐ́γῠῐ̈ / Λῐ́γυι tôi Líguï / Lígui |
τοῖν Λῐγῠ́οιν toîn Ligúoin |
τοῖς Λῐ́γῠσῐ / Λῐ́γῠσῐν toîs Lígusi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν Λῐ́γῠν tòn Lígun |
τὼ Λῐ́γῠε tṑ Lígue |
τοὺς Λῐ́γῡς / Λῐ́γῠᾰς toùs Lígūs / Líguas | ||||||||||
| Vocative | Λῐ́γῠ Lígu |
Λῐ́γῠε Lígue |
Λῐ́γῠες Lígues | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- Λῐγῠστῐκός (Ligustikós)
- Λῐγῠστῐκή (Ligustikḗ)
- Λῐ́γῠστῐς (Lígustis)
Descendants
- Greek: Λίγυς (Lígys)
References
- “Λίγυς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “Λίγυς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,015
- Room, Adrian (2006): Place Names of the World, 2nd ed., McFarland & Co.,
- Imberciadori, Giulio: The Bright Ligurians, in: Beiträge zur Namenforschung, Volume 57, Issue 1 (2022), pp. 81 - 97;