γαίω

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

From earlier *γᾱϝϳω; ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *geh₂w-;[1] compare γάνυμαι (gánumai) and Latin gaudeo.[2]

Pronunciation

 

Verb

γαίω • (gaíō) (Epic)

  1. to rejoice, exult, take pride in
    αὐτὸς δ’ ἐν κορυφῇσι καθέζετο κύδεϊ γαίων…
    autòs d’ en koruphêisi kathézeto kúdeï gaíōn…
    but he himself sat down on the mountaintops, rejoicing in his glory…

Usage notes

  • In the Iliad, only in the formulaic expression κύδεϊ γαίων (kúdeï gaíōn, “rejoicing in his glory”), used exclusively for gods.

Conjugation

   Present: γαίω, γαίομαι (Epic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γαίω γαίεις γαίει γαίετον γαίετον γαίομεν γαίετε γαίουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive γαίω,
γαίωμῐ 		γαίῃς,
γαίῃσθᾰ 		γαίῃ,
γαίῃσῐ 		γαίητον γαίητον γαίωμεν γαίητε γαίωσῐ(ν)
optative γαίοιμῐ γαίοισ(θᾰ) γαίοι γαίοιτον γαιοίτην γαίοιμεν γαίοιτε γαίοιεν
imperative   γαῖε γαιέτω γαίετον γαιέτων   γαίετε γαιόντων
middle/
passive 		indicative γαίομαι γαίεαι γαίεται γαίεσθον γαίεσθον γαιόμε(σ)θᾰ γαίεσθε γαίονται
subjunctive γαίωμαι γαίηαι γαίηται γαίησθον γαίησθον γαιώμε(σ)θᾰ γαίησθε γαίωνται
optative γαιοίμην γαίοιο γαίοιτο γαίοισθον γαιοίσθην γαιοίμε(σ)θᾰ γαίοισθε γαιοίᾰτο
imperative   γαίεο γαιέσθω γαίεσθον γαιέσθων   γαίεσθε γαιέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive γαίειν/γαιέμεν(αι)/γαιμέναι γαίεσθαι
participle m γαίων γαιόμενος
f γαίουσᾰ γαιομένη
n γαῖον γαιόμενον
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: γαίεσκον, γαιεσκόμην (Epic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γαίεσκον γαίεσκες γαίεσκε(ν) γαιέσκετον γαιεσκέτην γαιέσκομεν γαιέσκετε γαίεσκον
middle/
passive 		indicative γαιεσκόμην γαιέσκου γαιέσκετο γαιέσκεσθον γαιεσκέσθην γαιεσκόμε(σ)θᾰ γαιέσκεσθε γαιέσκοντο
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

  1. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 163
  2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “gaudeō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 255

Further reading

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