δικεῖν

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

From an unattested *δίκω (*díkō),[1] of uncertain origin:[2]

  • Beekes takes the word as Pre-Greek, perhaps because of a lack of a clear Indo-European etymology as well as the related δίκτυον (díktuon, “fishing net”) being difficult to reconcile as Indo-European.
  • Brugmann and Gonda connect the word to δείκνῡμῐ (deíknūmi, “to point out, display”), which Beekes rejects on semantic grounds.
  • Rix derives the word from a Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to throw”), comparing Khotanese (dīśś-, “to throw”). Beekes appears to consider this possible, but prefers the Pre-Greek derivation.

Pronunciation

 

Verb

δῐκεῖν • (dikeîn)

  1. to throw, cast
  2. to aim (on high)

Conjugation

   Aorist: ἔδῐκον
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔδῐκον ἔδῐκες ἔδῐκε(ν) ἐδῐ́κετον ἐδῐκέτην ἐδῐ́κομεν ἐδῐ́κετε ἔδῐκον
subjunctive δῐ́κω δῐ́κῃς δῐ́κῃ δῐ́κητον δῐ́κητον δῐ́κωμεν δῐ́κητε δῐ́κωσῐ(ν)
optative δῐ́κοιμῐ δῐ́κοις δῐ́κοι δῐ́κοιτον δῐκοίτην δῐ́κοιμεν δῐ́κοιτε δῐ́κοιεν
imperative   δῐ́κε δῐκέτω δῐ́κετον δῐκέτων   δῐ́κετε δῐκόντων
active
infinitive δῐκεῖν
participle m δῐκών
f δῐκοῦσᾰ
n δῐκόν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ “δικεῖν”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011 (Bailly 2024)
  2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δικεῖν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 334

Further reading

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