From earlier *σπληχ- (*splēkh-), *σπλαχ- (*splakh-), from Proto-Indo-European, but the exact root remains formally difficult to construct. The root could be *splēǵʰ-, *splēh₁ǵʰ-, *spelǵʰ- or *splēngʰ-.[1]
Cognate with Middle Irish selg, Old Prussian blusne, Lithuanian blužnis, Latin lien, Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥 (spərəzan), and Sanskrit प्लीहन् m (plīhán).
σπλήν • (splḗn) m (genitive σπληνός); third declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ σπλήν ho splḗn |
τὼ σπλῆνε tṑ splêne |
οἱ σπλῆνες hoi splênes | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ σπληνός toû splēnós |
τοῖν σπληνοῖν toîn splēnoîn |
τῶν σπληνῶν tôn splēnôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ σπληνῐ́ tôi splēní |
τοῖν σπληνοῖν toîn splēnoîn |
τοῖς σπλησῐ́ / σπλησῐ́ν toîs splēsí(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν σπλῆνᾰ tòn splêna |
τὼ σπλῆνε tṑ splêne |
τοὺς σπλῆνᾰς toùs splênas | ||||||||||
| Vocative | σπλήν splḗn |
σπλῆνε splêne |
σπλῆνες splênes | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
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