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вꙑтоле. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
вꙑтоле, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
вꙑтоле in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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вꙑтоле, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Old Novgorodian
Etymology
Unknown.[1] First attested in c. 1220‒1240.
- Per Helimski (1986), borrowed from Finnic languages, cf. Karelian vedelys (“slacker”), Veps vede̮luz (“slacker; tramp, vagabond”), Votic vetelyz (“loitering”), Ingrian veettelys (“slacker”), Finnish vetelys (“slacker, slob”), dialectal vetla (“loitering”), vetlu (“sluggish, lazy”), ultimately from Proto-Finnic *vetälus ~ *vetälä (“tramp, vagabond; loitering, slacker”), from *vetä- (“to pull”), from Proto-Finno-Ugric *wetä- (“to lead, pull”), which was semantically and phonetically influenced by the similar sounding Proto-Finnic *vetelä (“watery; squishy”), from *veci, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *wete (“water”). Compare Livvi vedel (“watery, wet, liquid”), Votic vetel (“liquid”) and Estonian vedel (“liquid, watery; sluggish, weak”).[2][3]
- Per Zaliznyak (1995), presumably (based mainly on the semantic context of Birchbark letter no. 600): before us is an unknown name of some commercial river animal. Compare the words Old East Slavic вꙑдра (vydra, “otter”), first attested in 1284, dialectal Old Novgorodian воудра (vudra, “otter”), first attested in с. 1200‒1220 or Middle Russian выхухоль (vyxuxolʹ, “desman”), attested late, only since the 17th century.[4]
Pronunciation
Noun
вꙑтоле • (vytole) m
- The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
c. 1220‒1240, Kovalev, Roman K., transl., Берестяная грамота № 600 [Birchbark letter no. 600], Novgorod:[по](кл)[о]но ѿ … … се послали два моужа хотꙑнѧне к ---- про ту тѧжю · про реку · про что то послале · негане · ѿ кнѧꙁѧ и ѿ тебе · симо же ти соулити много · хотꙑнѧномо · тѧжѧ велика · оурекꙑваютсѧ бебрꙑ · молвѧте вꙑтоло · иꙁловили · -------- [противоу] (мо)лвѧ · а вꙑ[то]ле того · иꙁловили · ѿсоу[л]ивати …- (kl)no otŭ … … se poslali dva muža xotynęne k ---- pro tu tęžju · pro reku · pro ćto to poslale · negane · otŭ knęzę i otŭ tebe · simo že ti suliti mnogo · xotynęnomo · tęžę velika · urekyvajutsę bebry · molvęte vytolo · izlovili · -------- (mo)lvę · a vyle togo · izlovili · otŭsuivati …
- Greetings from … … Now, Khotyniani (i.e., residents of the Khotynianka river region (?)) sent two men in connection to that lawsuit regarding the river for which Negan sent a man in the name of the prince and from you. These will promise you much: for Khotyniani this case is important. promise beavers. say that vytol (vagrant or a river animal (?)) caught; … say to the contrary. But vytol – was caught. Promise …
- tramp, vagabond, slacker, loitering
- commercial river animal used for fur production (e.g. otter, desman, beaver, water vole, etc.)
References
- ^ Anikin, A. E. (2015) “вытолъ”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 9 (врандовать – галоп), Moscow: Russian Language Institute, →ISBN, page 203
- ^ Helimski, Eugene (2000) “Вытол”, in Компаративистика, уралистика [Comparative Linguistics, Uralic Studies] (in Russian), Moscow: LRC Publishing House, →ISBN, page 339
- ^ Yanin, V. L., Zaliznyak, A. A., editor (1986), “Вытол”, in Новгородские грамоты на бересте (1977–1983 гг.) [Novgorod letters on birchbark: 1977–1983] (in Russian), volume 8, Moscow: Nauka, page 253
- ^ Zaliznyak, Andrey (2004) “№ 600”, in Древненовгородский диалект [Old Novgorod dialect] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Moscow: Languages of Slavic Cultures, →ISBN, page 471
Further reading
- “вꙑтоле”, in Берестяные грамоты – Национальный корпус русского языка [Birchbark Letters – Russian National Corpus], https://ruscorpora.ru/, 2003–2024