तरस्

From the root तॄ (tṝ, “to pass through; traverse; swim; sail”).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): (noun) /t̪ɐ́.ɾɐs̪/, (adjective) /t̪ɐ.ɾɐ́s̪/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪ɐ.ɾɐs̪/

तरस् • (táras) stem, n

1. quickness, rapidity, speed, swiftness, velocity; energy, activeness
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.33.12.2:

     याव॒त्तरो॑ मघव॒न्याव॒दोजो॒ वज्रे॑ण॒ शत्रु॑मवधीः पृत॒न्युम् ॥

     yā́vattáro maghavanyā́vadójo vájreṇa śátrumavadhīḥ pṛtanyúm.

     Thou, Maghavan, for all his might and swiftness, slewest thy fighting foeman with thy thunder.

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.54.15.2:

     इ॒दं सु मे॑ मरुतो हर्यता॒ वचो॒ यस्य॒ तरे॑म॒ तर॑सा श॒तं हिमाः॑ ॥

     idáṃ sú me maruto haryatā váco yásya tárema tárasā śatáṃ hímāḥ.

     Accept, O Maruts, graciously this hymn of mine that we may live a hundred winters with swiftness.

2. a ferry
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.190.7:

     सं यं स्तुभो॒ऽवन॑यो॒ न यन्ति॑ समु॒द्रं न स्र॒वतो॒ रोध॑चक्राः ।
     स वि॒द्वाँ उ॒भयं॑ चष्टे अ॒न्तर्बृह॒स्पति॒स्तर॒ आप॑श्च॒ गृध्रः॑ ॥

     sáṃ yáṃ stúbhoʼvánayo ná yánti samudráṃ ná sraváto ródhacakrāḥ.
     sá vidvā́m̐ ubháyaṃ caṣṭe antárbṛ́haspátistára ā́paśca gṛ́dhraḥ.

     He to whom songs of praise go forth like torrents, as rivers, rolling between their banks, flow to the ocean; Bṛhaspati the wise, the eager, closely looks upon both, the ferry and the waters.

• Prakrit: 𑀢𑀭 (tara)

तरस् • (tarás) stem

1. quick; energetic
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Sāmaveda

• Monier Williams (1899) “तरस्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 439, column 1.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “taras”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “तरस्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 763
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “तरस्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 107
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “taras”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 324