Inherited from Magadhi Prakrit (compare Maharastri Prakrit 𑀝𑁄𑀧𑀺𑀆 (ṭopiā)), from Late Sanskrit टोपिका (ṭopikā), टुप्पिका (ṭuppikā). Cognate with Bengali টুপি (ṭupi), Hindi टोप (ṭop), Punjabi ਟੋਪ (ṭop), Nepali टोप (ṭop), Gujarati ટોપ (ṭop), and Marathi टोप (ṭop).
টুপী • (tupi)
| Indefinite forms | Definite forms | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| numeral | non-numeral (plural) | ||||||||||
| singular | plural | informal | formal | ||||||||
| absolutive | টুপী tupi |
টুপীটো tupitü |
টুপীকেইটা tupikeita |
টুপীবোৰ tupibür |
টুপীবিলাক tupibilak |
টুপীসমূহ tupixomuh | |||||
| ergative | টুপীয়ে tupie |
টুপীটোৱে tupitüe |
টুপীকেইটাই tupikeitai |
টুপীবোৰে tupibüre |
টুপীবিলাকে tupibilake |
টুপীসমূহে tupixomuhe | |||||
| accusative | টুপীক tupik |
টুপীটোক tupitük |
টুপীকেইটাক tupikeitak |
টুপীবোৰক tupibürok |
টুপীবিলাকক tupibilakok |
টুপীসমূহক tupixomuhok | |||||
| genitive | টুপীৰ tupir |
টুপীটোৰ tupitür |
টুপীকেইটাৰ tupikeitar |
টুপীবোৰৰ tupibüror |
টুপীবিলাকৰ tupibilakor |
টুপীসমূহৰ tupixomuhor | |||||
| dative | টুপীলৈ tupiloi |
টুপীটোলৈ tupitüloi |
টুপীকেইটালৈ tupikeitaloi |
টুপীবোৰলৈ tupibüroloi |
টুপীবিলাকলৈ tupibilakoloi |
টুপীসমূহলৈ tupixomuholoi | |||||
| terminative | টুপীলৈকে tupiloike |
টুপীটোলৈকে tupitüloike |
টুপীকেইটালৈকে tupikeitaloike |
টুপীবোৰলৈকে tupibüroloike |
টুপীবিলাকলৈকে tupibilakoloike |
টুপীসমূহলৈকে tupixomuholoike | |||||
| instrumental | টুপীৰে tupire |
টুপীটোৰে tupitüre |
টুপীকেইটাৰে tupikeitare |
টুপীবোৰেৰে tupibürere |
টুপীবিলাকেৰে tupibilakere |
টুপীসমূহেৰে tupixomuhere | |||||
| locative | টুপীত tupit |
টুপীটোত tupitüt |
টুপীকেইটাত tupikeitat |
টুপীবোৰত tupibürot |
টুপীবিলাকত tupibilakot |
টুপীসমূহত tupixomuhot | |||||
| Accusative Note: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise. Dative Note 1: Some speakers use -অলৈ (-oloi)'s variant -অলে (-ole) instead. Dative Note 2: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Dative Note 3: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Instrumental Note 1: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) marks this case instead of -এৰে (-ere). Instrumental Note 2: Sometimes -এ (-e) marks this case. Locative Note: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in some cases. | |||||||||||